A catalytic platinum–ruthenium–polyaniline electrode for methanol oxidation

Polyaniline films prepared on Au wires were employed as substrates to deposit Pt and/or Ru using a potential-programmed perturbation. Different compositions of Pt and Ru ions in acid electrolyte were employed to decorate the electrodes. The atomic percentages of Pt and Ru on Pani were determined by EDAX and particle size and distribution by SEM. The catalytic activity was tested for adsorbed CO and CH₃OH electrooxidation. Nanoparticles of Pt–Ru with different Pt–Ru contents were obtained and characterized for each reaction.     

Horizons and Ergoregions in Superfluids

Ripplons—gravity-capillary waves on the free surface of a liquid or at the interfaces between two superfluids—are the most favorable excitations for simulation of the general-relativistic effects related to horizons and ergoregions. The white-hole horizon for the “relativistic” ripplons at the surface of the shallow liquid is easily simulated using the kitchen-bath hydraulic jump. The same white-hole horizon is observed in quantum liquid—superfluid ⁴He. The ergoregion for the “non-relativistic” ripplons is generated in the experiments with two sliding ³He superfluids. The common property experienced by all these ripplons is the Miles instability inside the ergoregion or horizon. Because of the universality of the Miles instability, one may expect that it could take place inside the horizon of the astrophysical black holes, if there is a preferred reference frame which comes from the trans-Planckian physics. If this is the case, the black hole would evapotate much faster than due to the Hawking radiation. Hawking radiation from the artificial black hole in terms of the quantum tunneling of phonons and ripplons is also discussed.      

精细化工生产中活性炭的使用技术和经验

详实阐述了在精细化工生产中活性炭的选择原则、使用技术、有效经验和综合效果等；     

Aspects of microstructure in low carbon steels produced by the CSP process

The solidification structure, microstructure evolution during rolling and precipitates with nanometers in dimension of the low carbon steels produced by CSP process with thin slabs have been studied in recent years. Important differences in microstructure and mechanical properties between the CSP products and the conventional one were observed. These differences may arise from the much rapider solidification rate and cooling rate after casting of the thin slabs. Some aspects of the microstructure for the low carbon steels of the CSP thin slabs are summarized and compared with the conventional one.     

活性炭共吸附现象对有机蒸气穿透容量的影响

在空气避有机蒸气的气相色谱分析方法研究中，为获得可靠的采样效果，探讨了活性炭对共存有机蒸气的共吸附与穿透容量的关系，试验了四种有机蒸气共存时和组分的有采样效率。结果表明，共吸附使所有共存有机蒸气的穿透容量下降，共吸附物质愈多，穿透窝量下降愈严重。对二种和四种有机蒸气的共吸附，使丙酮的穿透容量下降２１．９％和４１．７％，四组分共存时，丙酮，丁酮，环已酮、甲苯的穿透窝量分别为５．６、５．０、９．７、１     

活性炭净水应用技术问题的探讨

本文综述了活性炭在给水处理中的几种应用方法，对应用中存在的问题进行了探讨．     

加强我国金融机构反洗钱职能

随着全球经济一体化的发展，利用金融机构进行的洗钱活动日益猖獗，构建金融领域反洗钱运行机制是维护我国经济秩序和金融安全的迫切要求。在我国金融监管体制改革的时代背景下对金融机构反洗钱职能的探讨具有现实意义。     

Analysis of thermodynamics and kinetics of titanium between top slag and liquid steel

Titanium is an impurity element in some special steel grades.The existence of titanium decreases the grain size and lowers the yield strength,resulting in low quality of these steels with regard to various properties.Thus,the titanium content should be reduced to the minimum.Based on the industrial production of ultra-low carbon Al-Si killed steel,this paper investigated the physical-chemical behaviors of titanium with and without desulfurization during RH refining.The influences of Ti content in hot metal,ladle slag composition,and ladle slag quantity,etc.,on the Ti content in refined liquid steel were discussed.The results show that the partition ratio of titanium between ladle slag and liquid steel is inversely proportional to the Al content to the power of 4/3,and the empirical formula regressed from practical experience can be expressed as w(TiO2)/w[Ti]=48/w[Al]4/3.Maximum partition ratio of titanium between top slag and liquid steel can be ensured by an optimum slag composition including components of FeOx and Al2O3 and an appropriate slag basicity.The contents of FetO and Al2O3 should be controlled above 6% and below 20% respectively and the slag basicity should be kept within 1.5 to 3.0.Moreover,desulfurization refining in the RH vacuum will decrease the partition ratio of titanium between ladle slag and liquid steel significantly.To keep the Ti content stably below 15×10-4% in a 300 ton ladle,the Ti content in hot metal must be lower than 500×10-4% and the thickness of ladle slag carried over from BOF slag must be less than 50 mm.     

Myoglobin/gold nanoparticles/carbon spheres 3-D architecture for the fabrication of a novel biosensor

A novel biosensor based on a myoglobin/gold nanoparticles/carbon spheres (Mb-AuNPs-CNs) 3-D architecture bioconjunction has been fabricated for the determination of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the bioconjunction of the AuNPs-CNs with Mb. Experimental results demonstrate that the AuNPs-CNs hybrid material is more effective in facilitating electron transfer of the immobilized enzyme than CNs alone, which can be attributed to the unique nanostructure and larger surface area of the bioconjunction. The biosensor displayed good performance for the detection of H₂O₂ with a wide linear range from 0.28 μmol/L to 116.5 μmol/L and a detection limit of 0.12 μmol/L. The Michaelis-Menten constant K _M^app value was estimated to be 0.3 mmol/L. The resulting biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response, and good stability, reproducibility, and selectivity to H₂O₂. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com     

枪黑色Sn-Ni合金在NaOH溶液中的析氢电催化性能

为了降低电解制氢的电耗,提高经济效益.作者对枪黑色Sn-Ni合金在NaOH溶液中的析氢电流化性能进行了研究.试验测出的电化学参数表明,在NaOH溶液中电解制氢时,枪黑色Sn-Ni合金的析氢电催化性能比45钢和高硫镍的强很多,而且具有很高的电化学稳定性.用它取代目前工业上使用的45钢和高硫镍作为电解制氢的阴极,可显著降低制氢的生产成本.