RCAD l.0系统在轮胎设计中的应用

介绍了橡胶计算机辅助设计１０系统（ＲＣＡＤ１０系统）及其在新产品１０－１５农机具轮胎设计中的应用，并与传统设计方法进行了比较。比较结果：用ＲＣＡＤ１０系统设计，机头宽度窄８ｍｍ，胎面胶用量少０４ｋｇ，且新产品设计周期从７ｄ缩短至１ｄ。     

Dynamic reaction inside co‐rotating twin screw extruder. I. Truck tire model material/polypropylene blends

Waste ground rubber tire (WGRT) is a complex composite containing various elastomers, carbon black, zinc oxide, stearic acid, processing oils, and other curatives. Most of the waste ground rubber tire is composed of mainly natural rubber (NR) and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) in varying proportions. Blending it with other thermoplastic materials is difficult due to the inherent thermodynamic incompatibility. But, the compatibility can be increased by making the reactive sites in WGRT with suitable chemicals under optimum condition of shearing inside a twin screw extruder and it is said to undergo a dynamic reaction inside the extruder. To understand the mechanism of dynamic reaction process of a rubber/polyolefin blend, the blending of a truck tire model material rubber with polyolefin was first tried before it was applied to waste WGRT material. It was observed that the blends of a truck tire model rubber material and PP thermoplastic are physical mixture of two incompatible polymers in which a continuous plastic phase is largely responsible for the tensile properties. The rubber particles are the dispersed phase. The large particle size and the poor adhesion of these rubber particles are believed to be liable for the poor tensile properties. In case of blends of truck tire model material with isotactic polypropylene the tensile properties are found to be lower than that of its PP‐g‐MA counterpart which can be attributed to the reaction of the MA with the carbon black particles. A schematic representation of the possible interactions has been proposed. The effect of addition of compatibilizers such as SEBS and SEBS‐g‐MA has also been studied. The tensile and TGA studies indicate that the polarity of SEBS and SEBS‐g‐MA induces an increase in the performance characteristics for both types of polyolefins but the intensity of this increase is higher in the PP‐g‐MA based blends. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 106: 3193–3208, 2007     

Use of a sex attractant and an inhibitor for monitoring winter moth and bruce spanworm populations

A single sex pherormone component was isolated from abdominal tip extracts of female Bruce spanworm.Operophtera bruceata (Hulst). This was identified as (Z,Z,Z)-1,3,6,9-nonadecatetraene by capillary gas chromatography (GC), electroantennography, and mass spectrometry. In addition, hexane extracts of female abdominal tips from Bruce spanworm and the winter moth.O. brumata L., were analyzed by GC coupled to an electroantennographic detector (GC-EAD). The extracts ofO. bruceata andO. brumata females elicited only a single response, at the same retention time, from antennae of their conspecific and reciprocal males. In field tests conducted in Saskatchewan, traps baited with the synthetic tetraene captured Bruce spanworm males. In tests carried out on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, where the two species coexist, both Bruce spanworm and winter moth males were captured. The attractancy of lures containing the synthetic pheromone alone and in combination with several structurally related analogs was field tested at both locations. One of these, an isomer of the natural pheromone, (E,Z,Z)-1,3,6,9-nonadecatetraene, inhibited the capture of Bruce spanworm males but had no effect upon the number of winter moth males which were taken. Thus, populations of these two very similar species can be distinguished by employing traps baited with pheromone ± the inhibitor. Coneorifice Hara traps were found useful for field trapping males of both species.Issued as NRCC No. 26107     

Characterisation of cut and chip behaviour for NR,SBR and BR compounds with an instrumented laboratory device

ABSTRACT

Understanding the cut and chip (CC) effect in rubber is important for successful product development for tires used in off-road or poor road conditions and for other demanding applications of rubber. This research describes a laboratory testing method for characterising the CC fracture behaviour of rubber using a device that controls and records multiple applied loads and displacements during cyclic impact to the surface of a solid rubber specimen to mimic and quantify the CC damage experienced by tire tread compounds. To study the capabilities of the instrument, three model compounds were studied that are based on carbon black reinforced compounds of common elastomers used in tire treads: natural rubber (NR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), and butadiene rubber (BR). These polymers have well-established CC tendencies in field performance of tire treads, with NR exhibiting the best CC resistance followed by SBR and finally BR. The same trend was found with the rubber impact testing approach that allowed the CC behaviour to be quantified using a new physical parameter which is the CC propensity (P). The relative ranking for CC resistance for the three compounds followed the fatigue crack growth resistances of the materials but was exactly opposite to the ranking of DIN abrasion resistance. This provides evidence that CC damage from impact by mm-scale asperities and abrasion of rubber against μm-scale asperities exhibit distinct characteristics in rubber.     

模量增强剂HMZ在轮胎胎面胶和缓冲胶中的应用

研究了模量增强剂HMZ在轮胎胎面胶和缓冲胶中的应用效果。试验结果表明 ,在胎面胶中加入 1 5份模量增强剂HMZ ,不改变其它组分用量 ;在缓冲胶中加入 2份模量增强剂HMZ ,适当减小炭黑用量 ,可增大硫化胶的3 0 0 %定伸应力、邵尔A型硬度和回弹值 ;胶料的门尼粘度有所下降 ,包辊性好 ,挤出和压延性能有所改善。试制的成品轮胎 6.5 0 -1610PR的耐久性达到 15 5 4h ,速度性能达到 13 0km·h- 1 。     

改善轮胎性能的钕系高顺式BR

概述BR生产现状，重点介绍3种不同牌号的钕系BR的分子结构参数、基本性能、胶料混炼特性、硫化胶性能以及在载重斜交轮胎胎冠和胎侧以及全钢子午线轮胎胎侧中的应用情况，并与镍系BR进行对比。试验表明，在载重斜交轮胎中应用钕系BR，胶料的混炼工艺性能可达到镍系BR胶料的水平，且轮胎的耐久性和速度性能比镍系BR轮胎高，胎冠和胎侧温度比镍系BR轮胎低；在全钢子午线轮胎胎侧中应用钕系BR，可提高轮胎的耐久性。     

用聚丙烯酸酯乳液提高轮胎帘线储存稳定性

研究了一种自交联型五元共聚聚丙烯酸酯乳液的单体种类和配比、加料顺序、表面活性剂的种类和用量、引发剂用量等合成工艺因素与乳液稳定性及其增粘和防紫外线、臭氧老化的关系。用这种乳液改性的ＲＦＬ浸渍液处理锦纶６６轮胎帘线，可以显著改善帘线的储存稳定性。     

新密市溱水路大桥波形钢腹板无背索斜拉桥总体设计

在桥型方案确定后,桥梁总体设计是设计者首先考虑的问题.新密市溱水路大桥波形钢腹板无背索斜拉桥的总体设计研究了桥梁结构受力特点,初拟了桥梁主要结构组成,对主体结构进行了初步的结构计算分析,并得出了初算成果,确认了桥型方案的可行性和结构的合理性.在该桥设计中,首次将波形钢腹板箱梁应用于无背索斜拉桥结构,为波形钢腹板箱梁组合结构在我国的推广应用奠定了基础.     

压电式胎压报警器供电装置的发电特性

提出利用压电发电装置替代电池为胎压报警器提供实时电能。根据胎压报警器结构特点,提出将压电发电装置安装在车轮轮毂上,利用车轮转动中的振动来发电的方案。通过试验的方法研究了压电振子在轮毂上不同安装方式下的发电特性。试验结果表明,在既垂直于轮毂又垂直于车轮滚动方向的安装方式下,压电振子可以有效克服离心力的影响并吸收来自车轮所在平面多个方向的振动,压电发电装置发电效果较佳,适合为胎压报警器供电。利用4片45mm×15mm×0.2mm的悬臂梁型压电振子并联为胎压报警器供电,其产生的能量能够满足胎压报警器的工作要求。     

基于模拟退火的AVO无井约束反演

AVO(振幅随入射角变化)反演是一个非线性的组合最优化过程,运用弹性介质模型参数正演生成合成记录,以拟合观测数据。对于没有井资料的地区,结合勘探区域的地质情况对地震数据进行反演,最终得到勘探区域岩石物性参数。采用模拟退火算法进行AVO无井约束反演,对理论模型进行了试算,证明了模拟退火算法在AVO无井约束反演中的可行性。在模拟退火过程中,控制参数选择是重要的一步,要针对所要处理数据进行试验来确定这些参数的合理范围,如果参数选择不当,容易陷入局部极值,得到不理想的结果。