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91.
化学镀Ni—P镀层的X射线衍射研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
根据X射线衍射分析结果,对化学镀高P(含P>11wt%或19at%)Ni-P镀层加热时效时,镀层成分和加热温度对结构转变的影响作了研究,结果表明,高P共晶、过共晶(含P>11wt%或19at%)合金的结构转变有如下特征:(1)相同加热时效条件下,Ni-P合金的结构转变与成分有密切关系:(2)对同一成分的过共晶合金,Ni-P合金的结构转变与时效温度密切相关;(3)过共晶合金在290~360℃温度范围内时效处理,出现Ni_xP_y介稳相,X射线衍射分析认为Ni_xP_y为Ni_(12)P_5。 相似文献
92.
椭圆光孔上的Fraunhofer衍射图样 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将椭圆域变换成圆域,从而借助于圆孔衍射问题的处理方法,给出了椭圆孔上的Fraunhofer衍射图样的数学描述。 相似文献
93.
Polypyrrole (PPy) doped with dodecylsulfate (DS) and an organic dye (indigo carmine, IC) was electrochemically prepared and characterized by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The photoelectrochemical properties of PPy-DS and PPy-DS-IC in contact with an electrolytic solution containing a redox couple were studied using the theories for the semiconductor ∣ electrolyte interface. Results indicate that the system containing IC presents a higher photocurrent density under polychromatic illumination and faster response time when compared with PPy-DS. This fact was assigned to the formation of molecular-scale paths in PPy-DS-IC. The IC molecules lying perpendicularly between PPy chains, as confirmed by the X-ray analysis, could facilitate the mass transport at the interface and increase the ordering degree to provide better electronic charge transfer in the bulk. Although the photoelectrochemical devices presented here do not present all the properties of inorganic-based devices, we discuss some strategies to enhance the photoelectrochemical properties and response time of conducting polymers used in these type of systems. 相似文献
94.
研制了稀土六硼化物单晶LaB_6、CeB_6、PrB_6和NdB_6电子探针分析标样。根据X-射线峰位表和实测的特征X-射线谱,考察分析了La、Ce、Pr和Nd元素谱线之间的干扰情况,发现分析谱线PrLα_1受到L_αLβ_1线严重的干扰。以混合稀土金属为试样,采用扣除谱线重叠强度的背底非对称测量等方法对L_n、Ce、Pr和Nd进行了电子探针定量分析,其结果与荧光X-射线光谱分析结果符合较好。 相似文献
95.
We have made a study of the chemical composition, the electrical, the optical and the structural properties of polycrystalline CuInS2 thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis to be used for thin film solar cells. These films were deposited starting from aqueous solutions with different chemical compositions ([Cu]/[In] and [S]/[Cu] ratios) and at different substrate temperatures. In all cases, the material is p-type with grains preferentially oriented in the (112) direction of the sphalerite structure. The electro-optical properties show a very strong dependence on the [Cu]/[In] ratio in the solution. Films with copper excess have smaller resistivity and better crystallinity than those which are stoichiometric or have indium excess. The results obtained in this work show the possibility of having CuInS2 thin films with a wide range of resistivity, a fact that could be important for making solar cells based on this material. 相似文献
96.
The laser-induced thermal grating technique has been used to determine the thermal diffusivity of liquids and liquid mixtures. But the dynamic behaviour of the transient thermal grating has not yet been thoroughly investigated, and the systematic errors, which result from the departures from one-dimensional heat conduction, have scarcely been studied quantitatively. In this paper. a three-dimensional numerical simulation and results of the transient thermal grating technique are presented, which enable a good understanding of the dynamic behaviour of the transient thermal grating. The results of this simulation are important for the proper design of the experimental setup to keep the systematic errors for the diffusivity measurement small. Based on the simulation method, the systematic errors were analyzed quantitatively. Here, the following effects were studied: (I) sample thickness, (2) intersection angle, (3) absorption, (4) Gaussian beam intensity distribution and focusing of heating laser beam, and (5) heating pulse duration and laser power. This error analysis makes it possible to specify the criteria for optimum measuring conditions, to correct the measured thermal-diffusivity values for systematic errors, and to estimate the accuracy of the measurements. 相似文献
97.
Allan Rogerson 《Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation》1996,15(3-4):93-99
This paper reviews available information on the state of practice of inservice material property monitoring performed in European energy industries. Current practice includes a range of standard nondestructive testing and monitoring methods, improved remote sampling and surveillance specimen testing, and new monitoring techniques which are emerging from ongoing development programs. These new technologies include ultrasonic, positron annihilation, neutron diffraction, and magnetic techniques. 相似文献
98.
Structural and electrical measurements of CdZnSe composite 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
V. Kishore Vibhav K. Saraswat N. S. Saxena T. P. Sharma 《Bulletin of Materials Science》2005,28(5):431-436
TheI—Vcharacterization and the electrical resistivity of selenium rich Se85Cd15-xZnx (x = 0, 3, 7, 11 and 15) system at room temperature have been studied. Samples were obtained using melt cooling technique. So
prepared samples were then characterized in terms of their crystal structure and lattice parameter using X-ray diffraction
method. The materials were found to be poly crystalline in nature, having zinc blend structure over the whole range of zinc
concentration. The measurements ofI—V bdcharacteristics have been carried out at different temperatures from room to 140°C. The electrical resistivity of the samples
with composition at room temperature has been found to vary between maximum 2.7 x 108 Ωm and minimum 7.3 x 105 Ωm and shows a maximum at 3 at. wt.% of Zn. The carrier activation energy of the samples with composition has also been determined
and found to vary from 0.026 eV to 0.111 eV. 相似文献
99.
A. Hammiche L. Bozec† H. M. Pollock M. German & M. Reading‡ 《Journal of microscopy》2004,213(2):129-134
Near‐field photothermal Fourier transform infra‐red microspectroscopy, which utilizes atomic force microscopy (AFM)‐type temperature sensors, is being developed with the aim of achieving a spatial resolution higher than the diffraction limit. Here we report on a new implementation of the technique. Sensitivity of the technique is assessed by recording infra‐red spectra from small quantities of analytes and thin films. A photothermomechanical approach, which utilizes conventional AFM probes as temperature sensors, is also discussed based on preliminary results. Early indication suggests that the photothermal approach is more sensitive than the thermomechanical one. 相似文献
100.
The twinning of YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) thin films with c-axis orientation on (001) MgO, (001) SrTiO3, (012) LaAlO3, (110) NdGaO3 and (001) NdGaO3 substrates, prepared by laser ablation, has been examined using a combination of and θ/2θ scans at a four-circle diffractometer. On all substrates, except for (001) NdGaO3, the tetragonal to orthorhombal phase transition results in four different orientations of YBCO twins relating to the substrate. On (001) NdGaO3 only two different twin orientations, accompanied by a slight lattice monoclinization, has been observed. 相似文献