A Thermo‐ and Moisture‐Responsive Zwitterionic Shape Memory Polymer for Novel Self‐Healable Wound Dressing Applications

Developing wound dressings that have strong adhesion strength without causing any conglutination to the wound site is still challenging. Herein, is proposed that zwitterionic shape memory polymers can be applied as promising candidates for wound dressing. Sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) is copolymerized with 2,3‐dihydroxypropyl methacrylate (DHMA) in the presence of boric acid as a cross‐linking agent. The prepared material exhibits multi‐stimuli responsive shape memory behaviors: it can rapidly return to its initial shape upon heating to 90 °C, and a gradual recovery is also observed by absorbing moisture in humid environments. The shape memory effect can be well adjusted via incorporation of sodium chloride to induce the dissociation of electrostatic interactions between PSBMA chains, leading to reduced transition temperature and faster shape recovery rate. Moreover, the dynamic nature of boron ester bonds and electrostatic interaction endows the material with effective and rapid self‐healing ability. It is also demonstrated that the deployment process of the dressing that a sample with an initially circular shape can perfectly fit and tightly bind to the wound site after moisture‐induced shape recovery. The proposed zwitterionic polymer can possibly extend the application scope of shape memory polymers and pave a new way for the design of wound dressings.     

一种新型两性界面活性剂的减阻特性

对一种新合成的两性界面活性剂N,N,N-三甲胺-N′-油酸酰亚胺在二维通道内的减阻特性进行了实验研究.为了能进行低温测试,以20%的甘醇不冻液为溶剂.溶液质量浓度范围为（5×10^-5）～（1×10^-3）,测试温度为-5℃和25℃.用粒子成像测速仪对减阻流动的湍流特性进行了测量.实验表明,这种新型界面活性剂溶液呈现明显减阻特性,且减阻特性与浓度和温度均有很大的关系,最大减阻值可高达83%.该界面活性剂中加入NaNO₂,在低温和低浓度条件下能有效改善减阻效果,而在常温和高浓度条件下反而降低减阻效果.添加界面活性剂抑制了湍流速度脉动和湍流涡脉动,使雷诺剪切应力完全消失.     

钻井液用两性离子P(AM-AMPS-DAC)共聚物反相乳液的制备与性能评价

作为钻井液处理剂,反相乳液聚合物与粉状聚合物相比,能够减少聚合物在烘干、粉碎过程中由于降解、交联等反应造成的不利影响,产品可以直接加入钻井液并快速分散,在达到同样效果的前提下,可减少用量,降低钻井液处理费用,且更容易实现绿色环保生产。以丙烯酰胺、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸、丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵为原料,采用氧化还原引发剂体系,通过反相乳液聚合,制备了两性离子P(AM-AMPS-DAC)反相乳液聚合物。研究了复合乳化剂的HLB、乳化剂用量、引发剂用量、油水体积比、AMPS和DAC用量对共聚物的水溶液表观黏度及所处理钻井液的流变性和滤失量的影响,测定了聚合物的红外光谱和TG曲线。结果表明,当油水体积比为1.0,单体质量分数为30%,复合乳化剂质量分数为5%~6%,复合乳化剂HLB值为7.1,引发剂用量为0.2%,n(AM)∶n(AMPS)∶n(DAC)=0.59∶0.35∶0.06时,能够制得热稳定性好的反相乳液聚合物,且在淡水、盐水、饱和盐水和复合盐水基浆中具有较好的增黏、降滤失能力,抗温、抗盐能力强,同时具有较强的润滑和防塌能力。     

兜唇石斛发酵多肽Asp-Asp-Asp-Tyr和Asp-Tyr- Asp-Asp对LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞的抗炎作用

为了研究兜唇石斛发酵多肽Asp-Asp-Asp-Tyr（DDDY）、Asp-Tyr-Asp-Asp（DYDD）对LPS诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞抗炎活性。以合成的兜唇石斛发酵多肽为研究对象,采用噻唑蓝法筛选增殖活性最高的发酵多肽浓度,通过中性红吞噬实验和倒置显微镜观察发酵多肽对细胞的吞噬作用和分化形态变化,使用ELISA试剂盒测定细胞中NO及细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10和肿瘤坏死因子TNF-α的分泌量。结果表明：12.5、25、50和100 μg/mL四组质量浓度的发酵多肽对细胞无毒性并有增殖作用;100 μg/mL的DDDY和DYDD和1 μg/mL的LPS处理可以激活细胞,增强细胞吞噬能力,相对吞噬率为2.05%、1.97%和2.19%;构建LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞炎症模型,发现两种发酵多肽处理有效抑制细胞分化,使细胞恢复正常形态;抑制细胞NO分泌能力,100 μg/mL DDDY和DYDD处理组的NO分泌能力降低到LPS组的0.41倍和0.49倍;并且对抑炎细胞因子分泌能力的提高和促炎细胞因子的降低有显著效果,均表现出剂量反应关系。由此可知,DDDY和DYDD对LPS诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞炎症反应具有抗炎作用,为后面探究发酵多肽的炎症机制提供理论支持。     

Interfacial activity and micellar morphology of an imidazolium ring containing zwitterionic surfactants

Zwitterionic surfactants based on 3-(1-alkyl-3-imidazolio) propane-sulfonate ([ImS3-R] where R is octyl or dodecyl) is an emerging and important class of amphiphile due to their relevance as nano reactors for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles and accelerated acid hydrolysis. The physicochemical properties of such synthesized imidazolium ring-containing zwitterionic surfactants have been characterized by surface tension and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques. Surface tension measurements were used to calculate several thermodynamic parameters over a range of concentrations and temperatures (298–313 K). The results obtained showed a weak signature representing the critical micelle concentration (CMC) for ImS3-8, however, by increasing the alkyl length of the hydrophobic group to dodecyl, that is, ImS3-8 to ImS3-12, the signature of the CMC was much more evident. As expected, the CMC for ImS3-12 shifted to a lower concentration. An increase in temperature increased the surface activity and decreased the CMC of both zwitterionic surfactants, although the changes were small. Compared to classical surfactants, that is, sodium dodecyl sulfate and dodecyl trimethylammonium bromide, the CMC of ImS3-12 is much lower. Modeling of SANS data demonstrated that the morphology of the micelles formed by these amphiphiles may be described by the “classical” model, a central hydrophobic core, with a shell of hydrated headgroups. Due to their widespread applications in colloidal and interfacial science, the present study adds new insight to the fundamental understanding of these interesting imidazolium-based surface-active ionic liquids (ImS3-R).     

啤酒废酵母酶法制备生物活性肽的工艺研究

以啤酒废酵母为原料,经菠萝蛋白酶酶解、分离、纯化、干燥等工序制得啤酒废酵母活性肽.试验通过单因素及响应面试验分析确定了菠萝蛋白酶对废酵母的最佳酶解条件:酶解温度40.61℃,pH6.58,酶用量2.62%(w/w).酶解后多肽得率可达到50.97%(w/w).     

Synthesis and characterization of zwitterionic organogels based on Schiff base chemistry

Poly(sulfobetaine)s and poly(carboxybetaine)s have been extensively studied for their zwitterionic and biocompatible nature. The specific features that make such zwitterionic structures technologically important are their chemical structure, a straight forward synthetic route, high ionic contents with interesting dilute solution, and solid state properties. The objective of this work is to synthesize novel zwitterionic polymers having gel characteristics. Here, p‐phenylene diamine/melamine react as nucleophiles with glutaraldehyde to produce poly(schiff base)s. In the subsequent step, the poly(sulfobetaine)s and poly(carboxybetaine)s were produced on treatment with 1,3‐propane sultone/γ‐butyrolactone. Hence, a catalyst free facile approach to novel zwitterionic polymers was obtained. The polymers were characterized by elemental analyses, FTIR, XRD analyses, SEM, pH metric titrations, conductometric titrations, and thermal analyses (TGA/DTA). The polymeric samples carry the gel characteristics, showing lamellar structure with porous network. XRD pattern shows Bragg peaks indicative of superstructures. Thermal analysis indicates the Hoffman elimination of β hydrogen and subsequent release of sulfopropyl/carboxybutyl group. One of the gel polymers shows fluorescence also. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Zwitterionic metallocenes via reactions of organozirconocenes with highly electrophilic perfluorophenyl substituted boranes

The highly electrophilic boranes HB(C₆F₅)₂ and B(C₆F₅)₃ are effective reagents for generating a variety of zwitterionic olefin polymerization catalysts. The former borane can be used to incorporate Lewis acid activators into ancillary ligand structures via hydroboration of pendant olefinic functions; alternatively, direct reaction with simple organozirconocenes can lead to a family of hydridoborate stabilized girdle-type zwitterions where charge separation is minimal. The ethylene polymerization activity of these compounds is, in general, poor by virtue of the tight intramolecular ion pairing. More active zwitterionic catalysts can be generated through reaction of B(C₆F₅)₃ with suitable organozirconium pre-catalysts. The solution and solid state structures of several of these compounds are discussed, highlighting the various mechanisms of stabilization found in the catalyst structures. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.