基于非晶硅薄膜的微测辐射热计光学仿真和优化

基于非晶硅薄膜的非制冷微测辐射热计具有结构简单、易于大规模集成、工艺兼容以及良好探测性能等特点,在红外探测领域等受到关注。引入氮化钛薄膜作为新型红外吸收材料,通过光学导纳矩阵法,对基于非晶硅薄膜的微测辐射热计的红外吸收特性,进行了仿真和优化研究。结果表明,非晶硅微测辐射热计中,氮化钛/非晶硅复合薄膜具有良好的红外吸收性能。当非晶硅薄膜厚度为120 nm时,由氮化钛/非晶硅组成的膜系在8～14μm范围内具有96%左右的红外吸收率,其中氮化钛薄膜的最佳吸收厚度为32nm。     

硫酸铝、草酸钾及其共混物对α-半水石膏制备及性能的影响

制备高强石膏是磷石膏资源化的重要途经。为实现磷石膏资源化,采用蒸压水溶液法,以硫酸铝、草酸钾及其共混物为转晶剂,在蒸压温度为130℃、保温时间为6 h、液固质量比为0.5条件下制备了α-半水石膏。讨论了不同转晶剂对α-半水石膏形貌和力学性能的影响。结果表明,以硫酸铝为转晶剂时,所制备试样的形貌随转晶剂掺量的增大呈现由针状向长柱状、小晶粒向大晶粒发展的趋势,而以草酸钾为转晶剂制备的试样形貌多为短柱状、晶粒大小不一。当转晶剂总量为石膏量的0.6%、硫酸铝与草酸钾掺量比为5∶1时所制备的石膏试样具有晶粒尺寸大、晶体形貌规整（六方状晶体）的特点,其2 h抗折强度和2 d绝干抗压强度分别可达5.88、36.90 MPa。     

一步法合成(R)-α-硫辛酸

为提高(R)-α-硫辛酸(Ⅱ)合成收率,降低生产成本,以R体α-甲基苄胺拆分6,8-二氯辛酸得到的(R)-6,8-二氯辛酸(Ⅰ)为原料,在水相中采用一步法合成Ⅱ。讨论了摩尔比、反应温度、滴加时间等诸因素对产物收率及比旋光度的影响,获得了较优合成条件:拆分反应中,n(6,8-二氯辛酸)∶n〔(R)-α-甲基苄胺〕=1∶0.48,反应温度35℃,盐酸酸化;取代反应中,n(Ⅰ)∶n(二硫化钠)=1∶1.2,反应温度75℃,滴加时间3.0 h。在该优化条件下,Ⅱ的总收率为30.0%,并在该条件下,将6,8-二氯辛酸投料量扩大至600 g,Ⅰ投料量扩大至222.0 g,所得Ⅱ平均总收率可达34.3%。     

(R)-α-硫辛酸合成方法的研究进展

(R)-α- 硫辛酸是生物体中广泛存在的一种具有很多生理活性的重要化合物, 综述了目前 (R) -α- 硫辛酸合成方法的研究进展。     

Comparative hot corrosion studies of EB-PVD and plasma sprayed coatings*

The use of directly fired heat engines, i. e. diesel and gas turbine engines, is likely to grow in the future. However, economic requirements will necessitate the development of highly efficient engines that operate at high temperatures and utilize low-grade fuels. An increase of combustion gas temperature and the utilization of low-grade fuels contaminated with, amongst others, sulphur and vanadium, may be accomplished by careful selection of the materials, e.g. by applying corrosion-resistant coatings on heatresistant alloys. The main purpose of the present work has been to test various coatingsubstrate combinations in a highly corrosive environment. The comparison of various coating techniques, e.g. electron beam physical vapour deposition (EB-PVD), air plasma spraying (APS), and low pressure plasma spraying/vacuum plasma spraying (LPPS/VPS), has been emphasized.     

Temperature gradient controlled crystal growth from TIPS pentacene-poly(α-methyl styrene) blends for improving performance of organic thin film transistors

6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS pentacene) from simple drop casting typically forms crystals with random orientation and poor areal coverage, which leads to device-to-device performance variation of organic thin film transistors (OTFTs). Previously, a temperature gradient technique was developed to address these problems. However, this approach simultaneously introduced thermal cracks due to the thermally induced stress during crystallization. These thermal cracks accounted for a reduction of charge transport, thereby impacting the device performance of TIPS pentacene based OTFTs. In this work, an insulating polymer, poly(α-methyl styrene) (PαMS) was blended with TIPS pentacene to relieve the thermal stress and effectively prevent the generation of thermal cracks. The results demonstrate that the incorporation of PαMS polymer combined with the temperature gradient technique improves both the hole mobility and performance consistency of TIPS pentacene based OTFTs.     

Spray-dried high-amylose sodium carboxymethyl starch: impact of α-amylase on drug-release profile

Spray-dried high-amylose sodium carboxymethyl starch (SD HASCA) is a promising pharmaceutical excipient for sustained-release (SR) matrix tablets produced by direct compression. The presence of α-amylase in the gastrointestinal tract and the variations of the gastric residence time of non-disintegrating dosage forms may affect the presystemic metabolism of this excipient and, consequently, the drug-release profile from formulations produced with SD HASCA. In this study, the influence of α-amylase and the residence time in acidic conditions on the drug-release profile was evaluated for a once-daily acetaminophen formulation (Acetaminophen SR) and a once-daily tramadol hydrochloride formulation (Tramadol SR). Both formulations were based on SD HASCA. α-Amylase concentrations ranging from 0?IU/L to 20000?IU/L did not significantly affect the drug-release profiles of acetaminophen and tramadol hydrochloride from SD HASCA tablets (f_2?>_?50) for all but only one of the studied conditions (f_2?=_?47). Moreover, the drug-release properties from both SD HASCA formulations were not significantly different when the residence time in acidic medium was 1?h or 3?h. An increase in α-amylase concentration led to an increase in the importance of polymer erosion as the main mechanism of drug-release instead of drug diffusion, for both formulations and both residence times, even if release profiles remained comparable. As such, it is expected that α-amylase concentration and residence time in the stomach will not clinically affect the performance of both SD HASCA SR formulations, even if the mechanism of release itself may be affected.     

Sonochemical fabrication and catalytic properties of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles

In this study, α-Fe₂O₃ (hematite) nanoparticles were synthesised by a sonochemical method. The influence of different factors such as chemical composition of the precursors, atmosphere of the reactions and type of the sonicator on the chemical formula, crystallinity, morphology and size of the obtained products were investigated. Powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and IR spectroscopy, were used to characterise the nanostructures. The catalytic tests were performed in the reaction of methyl phenyl sulphide oxidation. The results exhibit the good catalytic performance of the as-prepared α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles.     

Development of α-Tocopherol Acetate Nanoparticles: Influence of Preparative Processes

We studied different methods of preparing α-tocopherol acetate (ATA) nanoparticles, which are to be used in targeting the lungs as aerosols in order to prevent cigarette smoke toxicity. Poly-(lactide) nanoparticles were prepared using nanoprecipitation and solvent evaporation techniques, which produced, respectively, too small and too large nanoparticles to be aerosolized. The emulsification-diffusion method produced 2 months stable nanoparticles with a size between (500–700 nm). Increasing ATA concentration (1–7 mg/mL) induced a decrease in the association rate (97–93%) and in the adsorbed ATA rate (7–4.5%), which was associated with variations of Zeta potentials (?27.5 to ?24.3 mV) and decrease in polymeric wall thickness and density.     

Intensification of Freeze-Drying Rate of Bacillus subtilis MTCC 2396 Using Tungsten Halogen Radiation: Optimization of Moisture Content and α-Amylase Activity

A novel freeze-drying protocol has been explored to render fast and cost-effective freeze drying of hyperamylase producing Bacillus subtilis MTCC2396 employing a tungsten halogen lamp radiator (THLR) as a heat source. Response surface methodology assessed the maximum reduction in moisture content (96.07%) and minimum reduction in α-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) activity (1.02%) in 4 h drying time at 42.5°C radiation temperature. α-amylase activity (0.046 U) and final moisture content (3.93%) of the optimally freeze-dried bacterial strain appeared satisfactory. The freeze-drying time using THLR (4 h) is remarkably lower compared to that under a conventional conductive plate heater (CPH) (10 h) at otherwise identical conditions. The higher effective moisture diffusivity of 0.0052 to 0.0078 m ²/s under THLR compared to 0.00084 to 0.0015 m ²/s under CPH (corresponding to 20–50°C) advocated the superiority of the THLR heating protocol. The higher efficacy of THLR was also evidenced through lower activation energy (8.42 kJ/mol) of moisture diffusion compared to that (12.051 kJ/mol) of CPH. The optimally freeze-dried bacteria demonstrated the same growth rate in addition to exhibiting excellent retention of bioremedial (Hg²⁺ removal) activity to that of the control.