高分子助剂处理造纸污水的应用研究

采用动态滤水仪模拟造纸湿部滤水成型过程，对高分子助剂在木浆纸污水处理过程中的影响进行了初步的探讨。结果表明，对于木浆造纸污水，两性淀粉、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、高分子助留剂SG01均能显著降低污水中的总固形物含量，污水的CODCr值也有一定程度的降低，添加1％的两性淀粉、150～200g／t的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺或0．9％的高分子助留剂SG01时，可使污水中的总固形物含量降低40％～55％；而CODCr的去除率则在40％～58％左右。     

一种合成4-氰基联苯的方法

以联苯为原料,经傅克酰基化、氨解、脱水三步反应合成4-氰基联苯,不产生含氰废水。4-氰基联苯的总收率达到70.70%,HPLC含量达到98%以上。     

185nmUV降解水中4-CP、4-NP和RhB的研究

本文以对氯苯酚（4-cP）、对硝基苯酚（4-NP）和罗丹明B（RhB）为模型有机物（以4-CP和4-NP为小分子模型有机物，以RhB为大分子模型有机物），分别研究了185nmUV对水中这3种模型有机物的降解规律、性能和效果．研究结果表明，185nmUV直接对水中4-CP、4-NP和RhB有很好的降解效果．研究内容包括：185nmUV降解模型有机物的浓度、TOC（Totalorganic carbon）浓度、185nmUV降解模型有机物过程中溶液pH及电导率变化、以及降解模型有机物过程中产生的无机离子等几个方面．     

Suppression of the α → β-nickel hydroxide transformation in concentrated alkali: Role of dissolved cations

The presence of dissolved cations such as Al and Zn in alkaline electrolyte (6 M KOH) suppresses the -nickel hydroxide transformation. The uptake of Al (10 mol%) and Zn (30 mol%) exhibited by the active material likely stabilizes the -phase. Dissolved Al is deleterious to the performance of the nickel hydroxide electrode, whereas, dissolved Zn enhances the specific discharge capacity of nickel hydroxide by approximately 25% showing that the mode of metal uptake is different in the two cases.     

Chemical and Physical Signals Mediating Conspecific and Heterospecific Aggregation Behavior of First Instar Stink Bugs

We investigated cues that mediate the aggregation behavior of immature pentatomid bugs by using nymphs of six different pentatomid bug species (Nezara viridula, Acrosternum hilare, Chlorochroa ligata, Chlorochroa sayi, Thyanta pallidovirens, and Euschistus conspersus). When first instars of any two species were put together in a Petri dish, they readily formed heterospecific aggregations similar to their natural conspecific aggregations. The chemical profiles of first and second instar nymphs of each species were determined by solvent extraction with pentane, followed by GC-MS analysis. Immature bugs of the different species had some compounds in common, and some that were more species specific. Within a species, there were distinct differences in the profiles of compounds extracted from first and second instars. Bugs did not aggregate around untreated polysulfone beads (1 mm diam) that were glued together in groups approximating bug egg masses, suggesting that tactile cues alone were insufficient to induce aggregation. Furthermore, when tested over a range of doses, groups of polysulfone beads treated with crude whole-body extracts of bugs did not induce or maintain aggregations. However, first instar N. viridula nymphs did respond to beads treated with two of the three major components of bug extracts. 4-Oxo-(E)-2-decenal induced significant aggregations at two doses, whereas tridecane, the major component in extracts from all six species, did not, and (E)-2-decenal was repellent. The repellence of (E)-2-decenal may explain why we and previous researchers were unable to induce aggregations of first instar N. viridula using whole-body extracts.     

双甲苯基乙酰基－1，3－茚满二酮铵盐（双甲苯敌鼠铵盐）的合成

以三氯异丙醇、甲苯、邻苯二甲酸二甲酯为原料，合成了新型杀鼠剂双甲苯基乙酰基－１，３－茚满二酮铵盐，并对其结构进行了验证。     

The influence of an intermediate MoO3 layer on the solid state reaction of cobalt oxide withγ-Al2O3

In view of the importance for Co_xO_y,-MoO₃/-Al₂O₃ hydrodesulphurization (HDS) catalysts, the reactivity of cobalt oxide layers towards cobalt aluminate formation was investigated on both MoO₃-covered and bare -Al₂O₃ substrates. Co₃O₄/MoO₃/-Al₂O₃ and Co₃O₄/-Al₂O₃ systems were prepared by vapour-deposition of MoO₃ (12 × 10¹⁵ Mo atoms/cm²) and Co (400 × 10¹⁵ Co atoms/cm²) layers onto a -Al₂O₃ substrate, followed by oxidation of the Co layer to Co₃O₄. After annealing at 800°C for 40 h, the interfacial reaction to cobalt aluminate was assessed using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. The presence of molybdenum oxide appeared to enhance cobalt aluminate formation. The Mo atoms, which spread out over the entire cobalt-containing layer, presumably caused a high defect density, which explains the observed higher reaction rate. The amount of MoO₃ was much too low to stabilize all cobalt atoms by cobalt molybdate formation.     

A study on capacity fading of lithium-ion battery with manganese spinel positive electrode during cycling

The capacity fading mechanism of lithium-ion cell was studied by disassembling the charge-discharged cells and analyzing their electrodes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc. Cu ion dissolved from current collector of anode and Mn ion dissolved from LiMn₂O₄ spinel (cathode) were all existing in solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer on carbon anode as Cu₂O and MnO or MnO₂, respectively. These depositions of Cu and Mn oxides did not uniformly deposited on the anode side, and most of them were detected on the carbon surface nearby to the separator side. The SEI layer is hard and about 0.3 μm in thickness. Furthermore, the cycling performance of the cells can be improved by adding 1,2,3-benzotrazole (a corrosion inhibitor of Cu) before assembling the cell, it then coordinates strongly with Cu ions into the electrolyte. From the results, it is obvious that the existing of Cu oxide as well as Mn oxide in the SEI layer, which blocks the normal intercalation of the lithium ions, is one of the factors for the capacity fading of the cells.     

Assessment of a redox alkaline/iron-chelate absorption process for the removal of dilute hydrogen sulfide in air emissions

The oxidative absorption of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) into a solution of ferric chelate of trans-1,2- diaminocyclohexanetetraacetate (CDTA) was studied in a counter-current laboratory column randomly packed with 15 mm plastic Ralu rings. The present investigation takes concern about the Kraft pulping situation where dilute H₂S concentrations are omnipresent in large-volume gas effluents. A fractional two-level factorial approach was instigated to determine the significance of six operating variables, namely the solution's alkalinity (pH; 8.5-10.5), the liquid mass flow rate (L;1.73-), the solution's ionic strength (I_C;0.01-), the gas mass flow rate (G;0.19-), the inlet H₂S concentration (C_H2S,0;70-430 ppm) and the initial ferric CDTA concentration (C_Fe,0;100 -). Initially, a Plackett-Burman design matrix of seven duplicated experiments revealed that pH is the leading factor controlling the H₂S conversion rate while the ionic strength and ferric CDTA concentration effects remained negligible within the factorial domain. Surface response analysis based on 11 duplicated factorial experiments plus 10 central composite trials revealed that the H₂S conversion significantly increases with liquid flow rate but decreases with growing H₂S load up. Further examination about the influence of ferric CDTA on H₂S absorption rate was set up over a broader concentration range (C_Fe,0;0- at pH of 9.5 and 10.5. It showed good potential at as H₂S conversion increased by a significant 25% for both pH values in comparison to pure alkaline solutions containing no ferric CDTA.     

High thermal stable thermoplastic-thermosetting polyimide film by use of asymmetric dianhydride (a-BPDA)

In order to obtain thermoplastic (before curing) and thermosetting (after curing) polyimides with high T_g for adhesive film, we prepared novel polyimides having phenylethynyl group in the side chain (44% of concentration of curing group) from asymmetric 2,3,3′,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-BPDA), 3,4′-oxydianiline (3,4′-ODA) or 1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene (1,3,4-APB) or 1,3-bis(3-aminophenoxy)benzene (1,3,3-APB), and 2,4-diamino-1-(4-phenylethynylphenoxy)benzene (mPDAp). Among three kinds of polymer, uncured polyimide of a-BPDA/1,3,4-APB; mPDAp had rather high T_g (265 °C, DMA) and thermoplasticity (E′ drop>10³ at T_g). After curing reaction of phenylethynyl group, the T_g of the polyimide was increased dramatically (364 °C, DMA). The polyimide derived from 1,3,4-APB having less concentration of curing group (20%) was also prepared to improve further film flexibility and toughness.