Comprehensively Strengthened Metal-Oxygen Bonds for Reversible Anionic Redox Reaction

Introducing anionic redox in layered oxides is an effective approach to breaking the capacity limit of conventional cationic redox. However, the anionic redox reaction generally suffers from excessive oxidation of lattice oxygen to O₂ and O₂ release, resulting in local structural deterioration and rapid capacity/voltage decay. Here, a Na_0.71Li_0.22Al_0.05Mn_0.73O₂ (NLAM) cathode material is developed by introducing Al³⁺ into the transition metal (TM) sites. Thanks to the strong Al–O bonding strength and small Al³⁺ radius, the TMO₂ skeleton and the holistic TM–O bonds in NLAM are comprehensively strengthened, which inhibits the excessive lattice oxygen oxidation. The obtained NLAM exhibits a high reversible capacity of 194.4 mAh g^-1 at 20 mA g^-1 and decent cyclability with 98.6% capacity retention over 200 cycles at 200 mA g⁻¹. In situ characterizations reveal that the NLAM experiences phase transitions with an intermediate OP4 phase during the charge–discharge. Theoretical calculations further confirm that the Al substitution strategy is beneficial for improving the overlap between Mn 3d and O 2p orbitals. This finding sheds light on the design of layered oxide cathodes with highly reversible anionic redox for sodium storage.     

Fatigue Crack Growth and Fracture of 30 wt% B4C/6061Al Composites

This paper focuses on studying the fatigue crack growth (FCG) characteristics and fracture behaviours of 30 wt% B₄C/6061Al composites fabricated by using powder metallurgy and hot extrusion method. Compact tension (CT) specimens having incisions parallel to the extrusion direction (T‐D) and perpendicular to the extrusion direction (E‐D) were investigated through FCG tests. Results show that, at low/medium stress‐intensity factor range levels (ΔK ≤ 9), crack propagation rate in E‐D specimens is lower than that in T‐D specimens because the elongated B₄C particles parallel to the extrusion direction in E‐D specimens can deflect the crack. The scanning electron microscope micrographs of the fractured surface illustrate that crack mainly propagates in the matrix alloy at the initial stage of its propagation and propagates more remarkably near the particle‐matrix interface with the increase of ΔK value. B₄C particles are also found to be easy to fracture during the rapid crack propagation. Based on fracture analyses, considering the impacts of factors like crack deviation, plastic zone size at the crack tip, and crack driving force, a 2‐D crack propagation model was developed to study the fatigue crack propagation mechanism in the 30 wt% B₄C/6061Al composite.     

CNTs-Al_2O_3多孔陶瓷复合材料的制备与性能

利用冰模板法制备一种具有高孔隙率的碳纳米管强化氧化铝(CNTs-Al_2O_3)多孔陶瓷复合材料。采用SEM,XRD及Raman对样品进行表征,研究碳纳米管(CNTs)含量对复合材料微观形貌、性能的影响。结果表明:随着CNTs含量的增大,复合材料的体积密度、孔隙率和抗压强度均发生改变;添加适量的CNTs能促进陶瓷孔壁烧结致密度,提高材料的抗压强度;但加入过量CNTs会导致CNTs团聚,嵌于陶瓷内壁形成微孔,反而降低了材料致密度与抗压强度;当CNTs含量达2.0%(质量分数)时,多孔陶瓷的抗压强度达到最大值4.52MPa,相对纯Al_2O_3多孔陶瓷提高了66%。     

生物模板法合成锂离子电池电极材料研究进展

锂离子电池是一类极具潜力的新型二次化学储能器件,被广泛应用于便携式电子设备、电动交通工具和智能电网等领域。高性能电极材料的设计和合成是获得高能量密度、长循环寿命、高安全性锂离子电池的关键。文章针对锂离子电池电极材料存在制备工艺复杂、结构难以控制、活性物质利用率低、循环稳定性和倍率性能差等问题,从生物资源高效利用角度出发,结合生物材料尺寸均匀、形态多变、结构精密、环境友好等优点,综述了生物模板法合成锂离子电池电极材料的研究进展,并对该领域的发展方向进行了展望。     

Al/Cu复合材料制备中理论与工艺研究进展

Al/Cu复合材料具有质轻、导电良好和成本低等优点,成为了近年来研究的热点。介绍了Al/Cu复合材料的主要界面复合理论,并着重阐述了近年来对主流理论的研究。综述了国内外关于Al/Cu复合材料的制备工艺和数值模拟的研究进展,指出了各工艺的优缺点,并对制备工艺的改进方向、未来数值模拟的研究方向进行了展望。     

泡沫铝材料电磁屏蔽效能的优化研究

选取渗流法制备的泡沫铝材料,测试其内部连通性、表面结构和孔径对其电磁屏蔽效能的影响。结果表明:小孔径泡沫铝材料具有较高的屏蔽效能,平均孔径为0.3mm的泡沫铝的屏蔽幅值在70~110dB之间;增大泡沫铝的表面反射面积可以提高材料对低频电磁波(f1000 MHz)的屏蔽效能;提高泡沫铝的内部连通性可以提高材料对中频电磁波(1000 MHzf2000 MHz)的屏蔽效能。     

K_2CO_3添加对提高Si/C负极电化学性能的作用

本文研究了Si/C锂离子电池负极材料中K_2CO_3的添加对提高电极电化学性能的作用及其作用机理。采用恒流充放电测试和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究了不同K_2CO_3添加量对Si/C负极电化学性能的影响;通过扫描电镜(SEM)和傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)等方法分析了K_2CO_3添加对Si/C负极在循环过程中结构和成分变化的影响。研究结果表明,加入K_2CO_3后,由于电极在循环过程中结构稳定性增强以及电极的固体电解质界面(SEI)膜阻抗和电荷转移阻抗减少,使Si/C负极的循环稳定性和倍率性能得到明显提高。     

Cu/Al_2O_3复合薄膜的制备及其抗氧化性能

本文在纺织纤维基材表面采用二次溅射沉积法制备了Cu/Al_2O_3复合薄膜,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDX)和矢量网络分析仪对室温环境下存放3600h的复合薄膜的表面形貌、元素含量以及屏蔽效能进行了测试,并与相同工艺条件下制备的纯Cu薄膜进行了对比分析。结果表明:与纯Cu薄膜结构的不稳定性相比,由于复合薄膜表层Al_2O_3薄膜的结构稳定性和致密性,Cu/Al_2O_3复合薄膜在保证高屏蔽性能的前提下,具有整体结构的稳定性,表现出了良好的抗氧化性能。     

高体积比SiCp/6063Al复合材料的铝基钎料制备及钎焊工艺研究

采用快速甩带技术制备了(Al-10Si-20Cu-0.05Ce)-1Ti(质量分数/%)急冷箔状钎料,并对60%体积分数的SiCp/6063Al复合材料进行真空钎焊实验,然后对钎料及接头的显微组织与性能进行测定和分析。结果表明,急冷钎料的微观组织细小、成分均匀,厚80~90μm,主要包含Al、CuAl2、Si和Al2Ti等相。当升高钎焊温度(T/℃)或延长保温时间(t/min),SiCp/钎料界面的润湿性改善,6063Al基体/钎料间互扩散和溶解作用增强,接头连接质量逐渐提高。当T=590℃、t=30min时,接头抗剪强度达到112.6 MPa;当T=590℃、t=50min时,少量小尺寸SiCp因液态钎料排挤而分散于钎缝,因加工硬化而使接头强度递增7.3%。然而,当T≥595℃、t≥60min时,SiCp偏聚于钎缝,导致接头组织恶化,且剪切断裂以脆性断裂为主。综合考虑钎焊成本与接头强度使用要求,确定最佳钎焊工艺为590℃、30min。