Kinetics and mechanism of ?-caprolactone and l,l-lactide polymerization coinitiated with zinc octoate or aluminum acetylacetonate: The next proofs for the general alkoxide mechanism and synthetic applications

Following our previous papers on mechanism of cyclic esters' polymerization coinitiated by tin(II) octoate [tin(II) bis-(2-ethylhexanoate), (Sn(Oct)₂)] in the presence of either the low molar mass coinitiator (an alcohol, hydroxy acid, or H₂O) or a macromolecule fitted with a hydroxy end group (ROH), the present work deals with ?-caprolactone (CL) and l,l-lactide (LA) polymerizations coinitiated with zinc octoate (Zn(Oct)₂) or aluminum acetylacetonate (Al(Acac)₃). A series of kinetic measurements revealed that similarly as in the Sn(Oct)₂ coinitiated process, these polymerizations proceed by simple monomer insertion into the …Mt-OR bond, reversibly formed in the reaction -Mt-L + ROH ? …-Mt-OR + LH (where Mt = Sn, Zn or Al; L = Oct or Acac), taking place throughout the whole polymerization process. MtL_n itself does not play an active role in the polymerization. Applicability of the commercially available Zn(Oct)₂ or Al(Acac)₃ for the aliphatic polyester (10³ ≤ M_n ≤ 4 × 10⁵) synthesis is also discussed.     

微量RE对易拉罐用铝材中富Fe杂质相的变质作用

在易拉罐用铝材熔体中添加微量RE元素对富Fe杂质相进行变质处理，采用扫描电镜（SEM）、X-Ray衍射（XRD）、能谱分析（EDAX）等分析测试手段研究杂质相的变质效果。结果表明：RE聚集于基体晶界，可通过与Al生成富Fe相异质形核核心，影响溶质原子扩散过程和杂质相生长方式，取代富Fe相中部分组成元素以降低x（Fe）/x（Mn）的经值等途径提高富Fe相形核率，并促使其生长形态发生变化，变质效果显著，即晶界处由粗大鱼骨状的Al（Fe,Mn,Si）复合相转变为Al（Fe,Mn,Mg,Si,RE）和Al（Fe,Mn,RE）复合相，分别呈短小骨骼状或小球状，可明显提高该事金的塑性。     

半连续铸造制备2024/3003梯度材料的研究

采用双流浇注半连续铸造方法制备了2024/3003铝合金梯度材料。研究了节流孔径和内浇包熔体温度两个工艺参数对铸件的成分分布，宏观组织和洛氏硬度的影响，结果表明，在保证铸造过程顺利进行的前提下，适当增大节流孔径和升高内浇包熔体温度都能增加铸件中内部合金的体积分数。合金的成分、宏观组织和力学性能之间的对应关系说明双流浇注半连续铸造方法制备2024/3003多元铝合金梯度材料是可行的。     

Influence of Atomizing Gases on the Oxide-Film Morphology and Thickness of Aluminum Powders

Fine powders of aluminum were produced in a pilot-plant, inert-gas atomizerwith a confined-design nozzle, which operated vertically upward. Argonand helium at 1.85 MPa and nitrogen at 1.56 MPa were used as the atomizingagent. The morphology of the powder particles was examined by SEM. Powderswere sieved dry and wet. The Sauter mean diameter of the powders varied from20.70 to 10.25 m depending on the atomizing gas. The distribution ofsizes was bimodal. The mean thickness of oxide on the surface of the powderwas calculated from the total oxygen contents of powder samples (determinedby a Leco analyzer). In addition, ESCA measurements and BET tests werecarried out for surface-oxide thickness and area measurements,respectively. The finest powder produced under helium incorporated thinnersurface-oxide layers than the coarser ones produced under argon andnitrogen. This was due to differences in physical properties (such asdensity, thermal conductivity) and flow properties (such as gasvelocity and relative velocity) of the atomizing gases used, i.e., helium,argon, and nitrogen. The oxide was very irregular in thickness in thecoarse-size range of the Al powders produced under argon and nitrogen. Thiswas presumably because of the high- and low-temperature oxidation ofaluminum droplets during the atomization and subsequent solidification andcooling periods leading to the rough surfaces observed with SEMinvestigation in the present work.     

KBE技术在铝型材挤压模具设计中的应用

将KBE技术应用于铝型材挤压模具设计中，通过充分利用多来源的领域知识对铝型材模具设计提供最大限度支持，提高工程决策有效性。本文介绍了铝型材挤压模具KBE原型系统框架及其关键技术。     

大型铝合金叶片金属型铸造工艺分析

针对铝合金叶片的铸造缺陷，分析指出浇注位置、浇注系统设计、型腔排气和充型温度场是造成铸造缺陷的主要因素，据此，有针对性地提出了铸型倾斜、平浇竖冷、沿分型面开设排气槽、改变涂料层厚度以及调整凝固顺序等改进措施，其效果在生产中得到验证。     

粉末冶金法制备泡沫铝时增粘过程的基础研究

在研究粉末冶金法制备泡沫铝过程中,在铝硅合金粉末中加钙增粘,提高了泡沫铝熔体的稳定性与孔结构的均匀性.论述了加钙增粘的机理及不同加钙量对泡沫铝孔隙率、孔结构的影响.经对发泡过程的动态观测,证明熔体粘度对泡沫体稳定性的影响是至关重要的.试验结果表明:在采取严格的气体保护措施条件下,加钙量在2%～2.5%时,可获得较低密度且孔径均匀的泡沫铝材料.     

电流密度对铝合金微等离子体氧化陶瓷膜抗热震性能的影响

用微等离子体氧化方法在LY12铝合金表面制备了一层氧化陶瓷膜，然后用加热一淬冷的方法进行抗热震试验，研究了电流密度对陶瓷膜抗热震性能的影响，并结合SEM、XRD等手段对试验现象和膜层的结合强度进行了分析。结果表明：随着电流密度的增加，陶瓷膜的抗热震性能降低。     

The effect of corrosion inhibiting pigments on environmentally assisted cracking of high strength aluminum alloy

The effects of some corrosion inhibiting pigments on environmentally assisted cracking of 7075-T76 aluminum alloy were examined in 3.5% NaCl (pH=6.2) solution. In order to study the inhibition mechanism of these pigments in environmentally assisted cracking of aluminum alloy, electrochemical polarization tests were carried out in 3.5% NaCl (pH=6.2 and 3) and 0.1 M HCl solutions respectively with the presence and absence of these pigments. The results showed that the effects of the pigments on environmentally assisted cracking of aluminum alloy were exhibited mainly at crack initiation and the early stage of crack propagation. A nontoxic compound, composed of phosphate, molybdate, citrate, and thiazole/imidazole derivatives, was a promising pigment to inhibit environmentally assisted cracking of the alloy.     

TiB2p/Al-10Sn复合材料的制备及摩擦磨损性能研究

采用混合盐反应（Mixed Salt Reaction）原位合成法制备TiB2p／Al-Sn复合材料。采用X射线衍射分析物相和扫描电镜观察显微组织，结果表明；复合材料中基体α（Al）晶粒细小，原位生成的TiB2颗粒细小（〈1．5μm）且弥散分布在基体口（Al）晶内，在α（Al）与共晶风Sn）的交界处出现颗粒团聚并形成锡包TiB2颗粒组织。在中高PV值下进行湿滑动摩擦磨损试验，与Al-10Sn基体舍金相比，复合材料具有较高的承载能力、良好的减摩和抗磨性能。