大规格抛光砖主要缺陷分析

较为详细地阐述了大规格抛光陶瓷砖普遍存在的抗污性能差、抛光后变形、脆性大等缺陷产生的原因及其预防措施。该研究成果对大型抛光陶瓷砖的生产者、研究者与使用者具有重要参考价值。     

海洋平台上次氯酸钠发生装置的设计应用

为了避免海洋石油平台的海水系统中被海洋微生物所污染,因此海洋平台中经常会采用一些防海生物装置,而这其中次氯酸钠发生装置是一种比较常用的装置。本文通过介绍次氯酸钠防海生物装置的原理,特点,归纳出海洋平台上次氯酸钠装置的一些设计要点。     

Treatment of wastewater containing oil using phosphorylated silica nanotubes (PSNTs)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite membrane

PVDF membranes are broadly applied in many fields owing to their good physicochemical stability, resistance to oxidation and chlorine. However when treating with wastewater, PVDF membranes are easily contaminated by pollutant, degrading their properties due to the hydrophobicity and poor anti-compaction capabilities, which can result in the decline of flux and lifespan of the membrane and limit their application in large scale. To enhance the integrative capabilities of PVDF membrane, phosphorylated silica nanotubes (PSNTs) were doped to PVDF to prepare a novel PSNTs/PVDF composite membrane through a phase inversion technique. The PSNTs/PVDF composite membranes were exposed to wastewater containing oil, and the effects of doped materials, operating pressure and operating temperature on fluxes were researched. The optimum parameters are: operating pressure is 0.1 MPa, operating temperature 25 °C. Through physical flushing and chemical cleaning, the PSNTs/PVDF membranes could still keep a high permeation flux and long lifetime. Finally, the interaction mechanism between PSNTs and PVDF membrane, the anti-fouling mechanism of PSNTs/PVDF composite membrane were explored and analyzed. The results show that the hydrophilicity, anti-fouling and anti-compaction properties of composite membrane can be obviously enhanced and hence the PSNTs/PVDF composite membrane is desirable in the treatment of wastewater containing oil and sewage.