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In this paper we describe an apparatus for reproducibly measuring thermal shock resistance of thick polymer layers bonded to metals. The thermal shock behavior is discussed in terms of epoxy samples bonded to an aluminum substrate. It was found that both high resin toughness and low resin thermal expansion coefficient improved thermal shock resistance of thick coatings, but only a sample containing 60wt. % glass beads did not develop a failure crack. Effects of sample thickness, temperature gradient, and resin composition on thermal shock behavior are discussed. 相似文献
63.
In the process of Li+ intercalation-deintercalation, electron removal is accompanied simultaneously. Oxygen was found to compensate electron removal both in theoretical calculations and practical experiments. Chlorine addition to LiNi0.7Co0.3O2 was expected to exchange electrons in that Cl− was easier to lose electrons than O2−. LiNi0.7Co0.3O2−xClx was identified as a pure hexagonal lattice of α-NaFeO2 type by X-ray diffraction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to analyze the influence of chlorine substitution on the oxidation state of transition-metal ions. Charge-discharge experiments and cyclic voltammetry confirmed that chlorine addition was an effective way to improve reversible capacity and structural stability in cycles. 相似文献
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Michael Kmetz Steven L. Suib Francis S. Galasso 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1989,72(8):1523-1524
The strength and toughness of fibrous composites depend on the interface properties which control the bonding between the fibers and matrices. One method of controlling the interface involves coating the fiber with an appropriate material. In a previous study, it was found that there is a definite advantage in using low coating temperatures to prevent fibers from degrading. We therefore were interested in a report that Mo2 C could be deposited from Mo(CO)6 at temperatures as low as 300° to 475°C. Our studies indicated that the material was not Mo2 C, but an oxycarbide, which, with an analogous tungsten oxycarbide coating, was applied to SiC yarns. Both oxycarbides could be converted to the metals by heat-treating in N2 . 相似文献
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Do Ik Lee 《Progress in Organic Coatings》2002,45(4):341-358
The immobilization and consolidation of model coatings based on monodisperse polystyrene (plastic pigment) and S/B latexes of known particle sizes were studied in terms of their packing volumes and the extent of latex shrinkage, which was found to increase with increasing pigment volume up to the critical pigment volume concentration (CPVC). The maximum latex shrinkage was estimated from the CPVC. Then, the porosity of model coatings was calculated based on three proposed latex shrinkage models: maximum, minimum, and linearly decreasing latex shrinkage. The number of pores and the average equivalent spherical pore diameters were subsequently calculated. The opacity and gloss of model coatings on polyester films were measured and their porosity was also determined by a simple coat weight-thickness method. The CPVC values determined by the opacity, gloss, and porosity versus PVC relationships, respectively, agreed very well with each other. The CPVCs determined by the opacity and porosity versus PVC curves were identical. The comparison between the theoretically calculated and experimental porosity values showed that the linearly decreasing value between the maximum and minimum latex shrinkage would best fit the experimental porosity data. The effect of plastic pigment particle size on the optical properties and porosity of model coatings was also studied and it was observed that the coating opacity and porosity increased with increasing plastic pigment particle size, but the gloss decreased. Additionally, a minimum crack-free temperature (MCFT) of latex-bound coatings was proposed to better predict the behaviors of latexes as pigment binders. The wet state of model coating dispersions, the surfaces of consolidated model coatings, and their internal structure were examined by both electron and atomic force microscopy, and their micrographs were found to be consistent with our immobilization and consolidation models. 相似文献
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