Development of Measurement Facilities for Analyzing Petroleum Products

The question of developing measurement provisions for the parameters of petroleum products is considered. The main technical features of a KLAN-1 mobile laboratory unit for analyzing petroleum products intended for rapid analysis of fuel and lubricating materials in storage and on sale are provided.     

A review of modeling approaches for oriented semi-crystalline polymers

Modeling changes in the physical properties of oriented semi-crystalline polymer films is beneficial for understanding the fundamentals associated with structure property relationships and could be used for developing new polymer films with significantly enhanced physical properties. Relating the molecular changes observed in oriented polymer films to inherent polymer characteristics provides valuable insight for the development of new polymers which exhibit enhanced physical properties upon orientation. Modeling efforts will be reviewed that have attempted to use fiber composite theory to explain the transitions seen during the orientation process.     

Normalizing Behavior of Unsaturated Granular Pavement Materials

One of the important components of a flexible pavement structure is granular material layers. Unsaturated granular pavement materials (UGPMs) in these layers influence stresses and strains throughout the pavement structure, and have a large effect on asphalt concrete fatigue and pavement rutting (two of the primary failure mechanisms for flexible pavements). The behavior of UGPMs is dependent on water content, but this effect has been traditionally difficult to quantify using either empirical or mechanistic methods. This paper presents a practical mechanistic framework for determining the behavior of UGPMs within the range of water contents, densities, and stress states likely to be encountered under field conditions. Both soil suction and generated pore pressures are determined and compared to confinement under typical field loading conditions. The framework utilizes a simple soil suction model that has three density-independent parameters, and can be determined using conventional triaxial equipment that is available in many pavement engineering laboratories.     

Surface Actuation of Lightweight Mirrors with Shape Memory Alloy

The ability to create lightweight mirrors that can maintain surface accuracy is a major technical challenge for future space telescopes. Processing-induced errors and surface errors due to temperature excursions and gravity sag (zero gravity in space) make it impossible to correct the surface of thin mirror face-sheets by conventional point actuators. The challenges are compounded by the requirements for mirrors to have adequate stiffness for pointing accuracy. An experimental and analytical study was conducted to explore the feasibility of correcting the shape of lightweight (≈1 kg/m2) mirrors using a “Nitinol” (nickel-titanium) shape memory alloy (SMA). Shape memory alloys are increasingly used as smart devices in aerospace applications. Their primary advantage over other smart materials (i.e., piezo-ceramics and piezo-polymers) is in their ability to undergo large strains and displacements and thus enable the development of smart mechanisms. Active shape correction is the only means of mitigating heat and zero-gravity-induced distortions in space-based optical imaging systems. The repeatability and reliability of a possible actuation system based on properties of the SMA wires were studied by testing the stress-strain and stress recovery behavior under controlled conditions. Embedded SMA wires were then used to actuate a composite beam, and the movement induced by actuation was monitored with the Moiré interferometry method.     

自蔓延高温合成材料中耗散结构及研究意义

在简介自蔓延高温合成技术和耗散结构论的基础上,分析和阐述了自蔓延高温合成材料中的耗散结构,探讨了自蔓延高温合成材料中耗散结构的研究意义。     

碳纤维材料在梁板加固工程中的应用

以南京某高校教学楼卫生间梁板加固工程为例，阐述了应用碳纤维材料对混凝土梁板进行结构补强加固的设计原理、施工工序，提出了应用碳纤维布进行结构加固时应注意的事项。     

梯度功能材料热弹性应力的分析方法

本文介绍了近年来国外有关梯度功能材料热弹性应力问题的最新研究方法，并对其方法特点进行了评述．     

关于低热值材料燃烧热值结果的影响因素探讨

对于一些低热值并意向达到A级燃烧性能的建筑材料,燃烧热值是评估的必检项。由于该类材料热值低,测试时不易点燃,无法获得准确测试结果,因此需通过人工干预手段使其完全燃烧。本文针对测试标准中的坩埚试验方法,探究测试过程中的影响因素,如样品形状、添加助燃剂苯甲酸的形状、上述两者在测试时相对摆放位置及其质量比例等对测试结果的影响,从而确定有助于样品完全燃烧的试验方式。     

铜冶炼含砷中间物料火法处理技术综述及展望

随着铜冶炼规模的不断扩大,产生的含砷中间物料量逐年增加,含砷物料的资源化与无害化已成为铜冶炼行业可持续发展亟待解决的重大问题之一。介绍了铜冶炼含砷中间物料的来源、国内外对含砷物料的处理与利用现状,指出了湿法工艺、稳定化和固化存在的不足。系统综述了含砷物料火法工艺分类及资源化利用方面的应用情况,提出了未来含砷物料无害化与资源化利用技术的发展方向,并针对硫化砷渣减量化说明了矿相转化脱水减重新技术开发情况。     

稀土材料新进展

叙述了稀土材料的新种类以及应用前景，并对国内稀土工业的现状及其存在的问题、国外稀土市场概况进行了综述，同时，展望了我国稀土材料的发展方向。