Incremental compliance and resistance of contacts and contact clusters: Implications of the cross-property connection

Cross-property connection for a rough interface - that relates its normal incremental compliance to its resistance - allows one to transfer knowledge available in one of the two fields to the other one. This yields results that do not seem to have been discussed earlier. We consider (1) clusters of microcontacts, and implications of available results for resistances of clusters to their elastic compliances, and (2) implications of results for rigid indenters of various shapes pressed against elastic half-space for resistances of these shapes. We also extend the cross-property connection to the shear compliance of contact clusters.     

喷镀新工艺的研究

采用一种新的电化学加工方法－喷镀加工，它所使用的导电喷嘴很精巧，适用于各种异形内外表面的增尺寸加工和改性处理等。该方法还便于实现喷镀自动化。通过对几种工艺参数的实验研究，及对喷镀过程中流场电导变化的理论分析，得出喷镀加工的最佳工作参数，用该方法对轴承进行防腐处理取得了较好的效果。     

LiAsF_6在EC－AN和EC－PC溶液中的性能

本文在２５℃的温度下，对碳酸乙烯脂－丙烯腈（ＥＣ－ＡＮ）和碳酸乙烯脂－碳酸丙烯脂（ＥＣ－ＰＣ）两种近似于等摩尔的混合溶剂的密度ｄ，粘度η，介电常数ε，以及对ＬｉＡｓＦ６在其溶液中的电导进行了测定．并用ＦＪＣＨＥＮ方程进行分析，计算出ＬｉＡｓＦ６在较稀溶液中的离解度ｒ，平均活度系数ｆ±，极限摩尔电导Λ０，离子对缔合常数ＫＡ和距离参数Ｒ；用半经验的Ｃａｓｔｅｅｌ－Ａｍｉｓ方程进行分析，由最小二乘法得到ＬｉＡｓＦ６溶液的方程参数Ｃｍａｘ，ｍａｘ，ａ和ｂ．     

Comparison between Monte Carlo and analytical calculation of Clausing functions of cylindrical and conical tubes

In a previous work (J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 21 (2003) 1452), we calculated the transmission probabilities for cylindrical and conical ducts, solving numerically the Clausing integral equation and integrating the resulting Clausing function. It is also important to obtain the Clausing function itself, because it is proportional to the distribution of molecular collisions with the walls of the system, as we show in this contribution. Besides, the density profile of the gas inside the duct can be calculated using the Clausing function, as shown by Davies and Lucas (J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 16 (1983) 1). We have calculated the Clausing functions for different cylindrical and conical ducts using a Monte Carlo simulation method and we have compared these results to the numerical ones, finding a very good agreement, within statistical uncertainties.     

溶胶凝胶法制备ITO透明导电薄膜的工艺研究

以五水硝酸铟和乙酰丙酮为原料,以无水氯化锡为掺杂剂,采用溶胶凝胶工艺,用提拉法在石英玻璃基体上制备了ITO透明导电薄膜.采用DTA-TG、XRD、sEM等测试手段对薄膜从凝胶态向结晶态转变过程及微区形貌特点进行了表征,并利用四探针电阻率仪考察了热处理温度、提拉速度、冷却速度、提拉次数等工艺条件对薄膜的导电性能的影响.结果表明:ITO干凝胶膜在600℃热处理温度下完全转化为结晶态,ITO薄膜具有由球形粒子堆积而成的多孔结构;热处理温度与冷却速度均会对ITO薄膜的导电率产生重要影响.     

波导窄边等长双裂缝功率耦合机构实验研究

对新提出的一种裂缝阵馈电机构的Ｓ参数进行了测试。分析了测量结果的物理特性，以及该馈电机构的频带特性，最后给出了电导值裂裂缝倾角变化的实验数据曲线。     

Calculation and uncertainty evaluation of conductance of a precise orifice for orifice-flow method

For the realization of an accurate vacuum standard by the orifice-flow method in high and ultra-high vacuum, it is important to determine the conductance of an orifice accurately. Since the shape of the edge of the orifice significantly influences the conductance, a new orifice with thin tapered edge was designed and fabricated to measure its dimension and shape precisely with microscopy techniques.The area of the aperture was determined with the relative standard uncertainty, u_r, of 0.011% from the diameter measurement. The transmission probability, W, was estimated with u_r of 0.039% using a Monte Carlo calculation from the geometry. Influences of a deviation from cosine distribution of incident molecules due to the geometry of a vacuum chamber and the specular reflection at the orifice edge on the value of W were also discussed.As a result, the conductance was calculated with u_r of 0.041%. The main source of the uncertainty was that of W and originated from its geometry, which verifies that the measurement of orifice edge is important for the accurate evaluation of the conductance.     

电阻抗法检测食品中沙门氏菌

介绍电阻抗法快速检测食品中沙门氏菌方法,通过对沙门氏菌选择培养基四硫磺酸盐煌绿增菌培养基（TTB）的改进,加入氧化三甲氨以增加培养基的电阻抗变化灵敏度,连续检测沙门氏菌代谢所引起培养基的电阻抗变化值,通过培养机电阻抗的百分比判定沙门氏菌的存在。经与常规培养法进行比较,对加入食品中的21种已知沙门氏菌属的检测,电阻抗法19个为阳性,检出率在90%以上,常规法检出18个,检测结果与常规培养法相一致,对于阴性结果能在48h内出具结果。结果表明电阻抗法能够快速,可靠地检测食品中的沙门氏菌。     

Design of a Conductance and Capacitance Combination Sensor for water holdup measurement in oil–water two-phase flow

Oil–water two-phase flow widely exists in the process of petroleum industry. The liquid holdup measurement in horizontal pipeline is very important and difficult. In this work, a Conductance and Capacitance Combination Sensor (CCCS) system with four conductance rings and two concave capacitance plates is designed and validated for its measurement performance of in situ water holdup through dynamic experiments. A set of fast electronic switches controls the conductance rings and the capacitance plates alternatively set up each own sensing field in the same sensing volume. This configuration ensures the water holdup estimation in the range from 0% to 100% regardless of flow direction. A set of quick closing valves was used to acquire the in situ holdup for the on-line calibration of the CCCS system. The theoretical correlations of conductance sensor and capacitance sensor were established to make the real-time measurement convenient. A real-time measurement method by CCCS system is provided based on the fusion of the conductance and the capacitance measurement without flow pattern recognition. This method delivers an average error of 1.06% for the CCCS system measuring the water holdup of oil–water two-phase flow, with a standard deviation of 0.038 and a relative error less than ±5%.     

YSZ/STO/YSZ-STO超晶格电解质薄膜低温电学特性

采用脉冲激光沉积法,在单侧抛光的STO基底上制备YSZ/STO/YSZ超晶格薄膜。利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和射频阻抗/材料分析仪对多层膜的物相结构、表面形貌以及电学特性等进行表征。实验结果发现,YSZ/STO/YSZ超晶格薄膜在300~500℃之间,其电导活化能最小值为0.76 e V,在300℃时测得的电导率比体材料的电导率提高了三个数量级。