Cu(TO)2Cl2的制备和热力学研究（英）

根据制备过程,提出了配合物Cu(TO)2Cl2在混合溶液中的晶体生长的动力学模型。通过这个动力学模型,测定了一系列的动力学参数Ea=45.37kJ·mol-1,ln(A/s-1)=14.65,Δ≠Gm=82.11kJ·mol-1,Δ≠Hm=42.85kJ·mol-1,Δ≠Sm=131.58J·mol-1·K-1。另外,用RD496-Ⅲ型微量热计测定了该化合物在298.15K时的比热容,并计算了[Cu(TO)2]2 (aq)和Cu(TO)2Cl2(s)的标准生成焓。     

Metal effects in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: Bond-order-conservation-morse-potential approach

We have applied the BOC-MP method to theoretically analyze the metal effects in the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis by calculating the energetics of conceivable elementary steps (the relevant heats of chemisorption and the reaction activation barriers) during CO hydrogenation over the periodic series Fe(110), Ni(111), Pt(111), Cu(111). The basic steps such as dissociation of CO, hydrogenation of carbidic carbon, C-C chain growth by insertion of CH₂ versus CO into the metal-alkyl bonds, and chain termination leading to hydrocarbons (alkanes versus -olefins) or oxygenates are discussed in detail. It is shown that the periodic trends in the ability of metal surfaces to dissociate chemical bonds and those to recombine the bonds are always opposite. In particular, we argue that metallic Fe is necessary to produce the abundance of carbidic carbon from CO but the synthesis of hydrocarbons and oxygenates can effectively proceed only on carbided Fe surfaces which resemble the less active metals such as Pt. More specifically, we project that the C-C chain growth should occur predominantly via CH₂ insertion into the metal-alkyl bond and the primary FT products should be -olefins. These and other model projections are in agreement with experiment.     

Flow regimes,hold–up and pressure drop for two phase flowin helical coils

Experimental results on flow pattern, hold–up and pressure drop are presented for cocurrent upward and downward air water flow in helical coils. A tube of 0.01 m internal diameter was used and the ratio of coil to tube diameter was varied from 11 to 156.5. Water flow rate was varied from 4.9 × 10-⁶ m³/s to 92 × 10-⁶ m³/s while the range of gas flow rate covered was 83 × 10-⁶ m³/s to 610 × 10-⁶ m³/s. A new mechanistic approach is proposed to correlate pressure drop data in coils. The proposed model retains the identity of each phase and separately accounts for the effects of curvature and tube inclination resulting from the torsion of the tube. This makes it possible to use a single model to predict pressure drop for both upward and downward two–phase flow in coiled tubes. Required correlations for hold–up, interfacial friction factor and friction factors for individual phases are provided.     

基于衍射受限矢量光管场的离散式复振幅滤波器的设计

提出一种离散式的复振幅光瞳滤波器,用于构建大数值孔径系统下柱对称偏振矢量光束的特殊聚焦光场。输入角向偏振矢量光束,经圆对称的6个离散环带复振幅滤波器滤波后聚焦。该滤波器半径已归一化,各环带具有不同透射振幅,外围两环带有相同的相位延迟,其余相邻透射环带间π反相。在聚焦区可获得超长(大于8λ)的衍射受限"光管"场。该"光管"场为中空的纯角向偏振矢量光场,管中心沿轴向无光场分布,光管横向直径(约0.31λ)在亚波长量级,"光管"管壁为沿轴向平坦分布的角向偏振矢量场,无轴向旁瓣。该复振幅滤波器可用于构建特殊三维矢量光场以及利用该光场进行粒子捕获和操控。     

小功率行波管可靠性数字仿真的研究

基于对实际器件的测试数据,采用模糊数学和最可能故障法建立整个器件的可靠性模型.引入可靠性分布密度函数,将实际测试得到的离散数据拟合成随时间变化的连续函数,不仅可得到小功率行波管测试性能的评估,而且还可以对其可靠性进行预测;进一步研究,还可以给出预测的准确度概率.本文主要讨论小功率行波管可靠度评估模型的建立、数据处理与精度分析等,并对预测与准确度的概率给予简要的介绍.     

花状纳米结构ZnS:Cu的制备与光学性质研究

采用水热法合成了具有花状纳米结构的ZnS:Cu粉末.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和荧光光谱仪研究了在不同正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)含量的条件下制备的样品的物相、形貌与光致发光(PL)性质.测试结果表明:制备的ZnS:Cu样品都具有立方相闪锌矿结构;由于TEOS分子...     

超宽带50W电子战超小型行波管设计

本文对超宽带50 W电子战超小型行波管设计进行了介绍,其主要技术难点为超宽带设计及超小型设计。通过设计行波管高效率慢波互作用系统来进行超宽带设计,使得行波管工作频带覆盖4～18 GHz,全频带(除低端边频4～5 GHz外)输出功率典型值为50 W,其中4～5 GHz频带内输出功率达到35 W,整管效率高于33%。在保障电性能的同时,通过降低工作电压实现整管各部件微型化设计,实现整管结构尺寸的大幅度压缩,实现了功率密度的大幅度提升,突破了小型化电子战整机系统安装空间的限制,适应了更高标准的电子战应用要求。     

Barrier layers for Cu ULSI metallization

Barrier layers are integral parts of many metal interconnect systems. In this paper we review the current status of barrier layers for copper metallization for ultra-large-scale-integration (ULSI) technology for integrated circuits (ICs) manufacturing. The role of barrier layers is reviewed and the criteria that determine the process window, i.e. the optimum barrier thickness and the deposition processes, for their manufacturing are discussed. Various deposition methods are presented: physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), electrochemical deposition (ECD), electroless deposition (ELD), and atomic layer CVD (ALCVD) for barrier layers implementation. The barrier integration methods and the interaction between the barrier and the copper metallization are presented and discussed. Finally, the common inspection and metrology for barrier layer are critically reviewed.     

Mn、Cu对球墨铸铁组织性能的影响

为获得高强度高塑性的球墨铸铁,通过加入微量合金元素 Mn 和 Cu,研究 Mn 和 Cu 对球墨铸铁微观组织和力学特性的影响。结果表明：Mn 的加入提高了球墨铸铁中珠光体含量、球墨铸铁的抗拉强度和硬度,但塑性下降;在 Mn 含量一定时,添加适量的 Cu 后,球墨铸铁的性能进一步提高。研究发现,添加适量的合金元素 Mn 和 Cu 可生产高强度的球墨铸铁,且塑性值比对应的国家标准大幅度提高。