乘性和加性噪声中谐波恢复的循环统计量方法

本文从循环平衡的观点出发来研究乘性和加性噪声中的谐波恢复问题.首先，在一定条件下建立了一般复过程的有限长付里叶变换的大样本性质．然后，得到了任意阶循环矩的样本估计关于循环频率的一致收敛速度．对于乘性和加性噪声中的谐波信号，建立了一、二、三阶循环矩样本估计的统计性质．在此基础上，分别提出了基于不同阶循环矩的谐波分最个数和频率的估计方法，并得到了估计的强相容性质和强收敛速度，最后给出了模拟实验结果．     

A CONSTITUTIVE MODEL FOR ELASTIC-PLASTIC DEFORMATION UNDER CYCLIC MULTIAXIAL STRAINING

Abstract— The yield criterion is interpreted as defining the metric of the stress space. Hydrostatic stresses correspond to null geodesies. The plastic strain increment represents a normal projection of the increment undergone by a certain scalar function (hardening function) which depends only on the distance between stress points. This establishes a flow rule formally equivalent to the Prandtl-Reuss equations. Consideration of un-loading processes leads to the analysis of equivalent paths and to the definition of a generalized length or separation which provides a new representation of kinematic hardening.     

Catalytic oxidation of sulfide ions over nickel hydroxides

The catalytic sulfide ion oxidation by oxygen to elemental sulfur over β-Ni(OH)₂ and LiNiO₂ has been studied. As a result of experimental investigation performed, a reaction mechanism is suggested which involves heterogeneous and homogeneous processes. Dioxygen activation in the heterogeneous process proceeds via a redox Ni²⁺ ↔ Ni³⁺ transition and participation of OH⁻ groups. The active HO⁻₂ species thus formed carries on the reaction in homogeneous phase. Nickel hydroxides are promising catalysts for practical application.     

Reactivity of steam in exhaust gas catalysis III. Steam and oxygen/steam conversions of propane on a Pd/Al2O3 catalyst

A 1% Pd catalyst (38% dispersion) was prepared by impregnating a γ-alumina with palladium acetylacetonate dissolved in acetone. The behaviour of this catalyst in oxidation and steam reforming (SR) of propane was investigated. Temperature-programmed reactions of C₃H₈ with O₂ or with O₂ + H₂O were carried out with different stoichiometric ratios S(S =[O₂]/5[C₃H₈]). The conversion profiles of C₃H₈ for the reaction carried out in substoichiometry of O₂ (S < 1) showed two discrete domains of conversion: oxidation at temperatures below 350°C and SR at temperatures above 350°C. The presence of steam in the inlet gases is not necessary for SR to occur: there is sufficient water produced in the oxidation to form H₂ and carbon oxides by this reaction. Contrary to what was observed with Pt, an apparent deactivation between 310 and 385°C could be observed with Pd in oxidation. This is due to a reduction of PdO_x into Pd⁰, which is much less active than the oxide in propane oxidation. Steam added to the reactants inhibits oxidation while it prevents the reduction of PdO_x into Pd⁰. Compared to Pt and to Rh, Pd has a higher thermal resistance: no deactivation occurred after treatment up to 700°C and limited deactivation after treatment up to 900°C, provided that the catalyst is maintained in an oxygen-rich atmosphere during the cooling.     

Mechanical degradation of coating systems in high temperature cyclic oxidation

Cyclic oxidation tests were performed on a large variety of commercially available overlay coatings. The results of cyclic oxidation tests confirmed that the composition of the coating as well as the processing method of the coating can affect the life of the system. Coating life was determined by the time to coating penetration and initiation of substrate attack. As this work was part of a effort to evaluate the relative protectiveness of available coating systems for Industrial Gas Turbine applications at relatively high temperature, an extensive testing programme was undertaken. The different coatings were tested to visual failure. The results presented in this paper concentrate on the surface instability of the coating. Apart from usual oxidation of the coating an additional degradation mechanism was observed. A mechanical effect caused by the instability of the coating as a result of the difference in the thermal coefficient of expansion and mechanical properties between the substrate and coating. This effect, the so-called “rumpling” effect, resulted in a significant reduction in time to penetration and was in some systems the life controlling factor.     

Alkali-metal Na Adsorption and Promoted Oxidation on Si(100)2×1 Surface

The alkali-metal Na adsorption on Si(100)2×1 surface and its promoted oxidation and Si oxidegrowth have been investigated by means of thermal desorption,work function,Auger electronspectroscopy and photoemission electron spectroscopy.The experimental data showed that therewas a new state,interface electron state,near the Fermi level after the deposition of Na atoms.It wasfound that the presence of Na always caused an increase of the oxygen initial uptake whereas thepromotion of Si oxide growth was observed only at the coverage of Na greater than 0.5 ML.A newmechanism of Na-promoted Si oxide growth is suggested in this paper.     

Storage Stability of Antioxidant-Washed Myofibrils From Chicken White and Red Muscle

Oxidation and gel-forming ability of chicken white (breast) and red (leg) muscle myofibrillar proteins during storage at 0°C were examined. Breast myofibril gels exhibited greater shear moduli than leg myofibril gels throughout 8 days storage. Shear moduli of both breast and leg gels in the intermediate temperature zone (45–55°C) decreased during storage, but at >55°C, they either increased or remained unchanged. Lipid oxidation was inhibited by washing myofibrils with antioxidants propyl gal-late, ascorbate, and tripolyphosphate. However, these antioxidants did not affect the content of protein carbonyls, and only slightly decreased the amine content during storage. Storage affected the kinetic process of myofibril gelation independently of antioxidant treatments.     

结构陶瓷的高温疲劳强度衰减理论

提出了陶瓷材料疲劳强度衰减理论并由此导出了各种疲劳关系式。建立了疲劳基本方程ｄσ＿ｒ／ｄ＿ｉ＝一Ａσ（ｔ）￣ｎｔ￣（－ｍ），得出了疲劳寿命公式Ｔ＝Ｍ（σ＿０－σ）／Ａσ￣ｎ（静疲劳时Ｍ＝１，连续增载疲劳时Ｍ＝ｎ＋１，循环疲劳时Ｍ＝（ｎ＋１）／（１＋Ｒ＋Ｒ￣２＋……＋Ｒ￣ｎ），逐级加载时，并导出不同疲劳方式下疲劳寿命间的关系。同时，用多种Ｓｉ＿３Ｎ＿４材料在高温中作了论证试验，结果与理论一致。     

乙烯氧化制环氧乙烷固定床反应器的模拟及稳定性分析

在筛选出合适的乙烯氧化制环氧乙烷动力学方程的基础上,对工业固定床氧化反应器进行一维和二维模型的模拟计算。考察操作工艺参数对反应器稳定性、转化率影响的敏感性以及N_2和CH_4做致稳气时反应温度和转化率的轴向、径向分布。     

Structural Description of Polyaromatic Nucleus in Residue

The proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （1H-NMR）, the synchronous fluorescence spectrometry （SFS） and the ruthenium ions catalyzed oxidation （RICO） method were used to determine the chemical structure of polyaromatic nucleus in Oman residue fractions. The results of 1H-NMR analyses showed that the average numbers of aromatic rings in the aromatics, resins and asphaltenes units were 3.2, 5.6 and 8.2, respectively. SFS was used to investigate the distribution of aromatic rings in residue fractions, the main distribution range of aromatic rings in aromatics, resins and asphaltenes were 3 4 rings, 3--5 rings and more than 5 rings, respectively. The aromatic network in residue fractions was oxidized to produce numerous carboxylic acids. The types and content of benzenepolycarboxylic acids, such as phthalic acid, benzenetricarboxylic acids, benzenetetracarboxylic acids, benzenepentacarboxylic acid and benzenehexacarboxylic acid disclosed the condensed types of aromatic nuclei in the core. The biphenyl fraction （BIPH）, the cata-condensed fraction （CATA）, the peri-condensed fraction （PERI） and the condensed index （BCI） were calculated based on the benzenepolycarboxylic acids formed. The results implied that there was less biphenyl type structures in all residue fractions. The aromatics fraction was almost composed of the cata-condensed type system, and the asphaltenes fraction was wholly composed of the peri-condensed type system, while in the resins fraction co-existed the two types, herein the peri-con- densed type was predominant over the cata-condensed type. Based on the analytical results obtained in the study, the components --aromatics, resins and asphaltenes -- were given the likely structural models.