钢管漏磁探伤中孔洞缺陷的漏磁场分析

针对钢管孔洞缺陷进行了分析。分别从数学模型和仿真软件建模等方面对孔洞缺陷进行了漏磁场分析，并且将采集的漏磁信号进行处理，得出孔洞半径与漏磁信号之间的关系，为孔洞缺陷信号的识别提供了一定的参考依据。     

基于马尔可夫链的可信软件动态评估模型

软件可信度评估受主观经验、主观决策及有限理性的影响,评估结果的精确性和客观性无法得到全面保证。为了解决上述问题,本文利用马尔科夫连,以经典可信软件属性指标体系为基础,从软件层次属性的动态变化考虑提出了一种时间情境下的动态评估模型。通过模糊综合评判和层次分析法进行量化以确定子属性的权重和元属性的相对权重,应用马尔科夫过程构建各层级属性的内部定向转化概率模型,通过模糊算法得出最终的可信评估结果。结论表明,本文构建的模型,在一定程度上更加符合软件应用的实际情形,在逻辑上更具有说服力。实例也说明了本模型的科学性和有效性。     

基于机器视觉的液晶基板表面缺陷检测系统

介绍一种基于机器视觉的液晶玻璃基板质量在线检测系统。利用分布式视觉处理技术、采用模块化的图像处理系统设计,能够实现缺陷的精确提取与对缺陷的智能分类和分级,满足LCD液晶玻璃基板质量在线检测的需要。     

Some observations from interrupted lifetest of GaInAsP/InP inverted-rib laser diodes

Conventionally, lifetests of semiconductor laser diodes usually involved operating the devices continuously at either constant power output or drive current, with periodic recording of their characteristics. In this paper, some effects arising from interrupted lifetest of 1.3 m GaInAsP-InP inverted-rib laser diodes are reported. This unconventional lifetest method involves constant power biasing at 4 mW/facet and 8 mW/facet respectively at 50°C, followed by a period during which the lifetest is interrupted and the devices left unbiased at room temperature. Subsequently, the devices were put back on constant power biasing at 50°C. Among a number of parameters, pronounced reduction in the threshold current, current for 4 mW/facet and 8 mW/facet were observed, indicating strong recovery effects commencing from the time when the life-test was interrupted. Redistribution of mobile defects in the cladding layer is postulated to be the cause of the degradation recovery, and the data supports the occurrence of an aging-current dependent defect annihilation mechanism. Such recovery effects have so far been observed to occur only in the GaInAsP-InP inverted-rib devices.     

苹果采摘机器人监测系统和表面缺陷检测方法研究

针对目前苹果采摘作业多以人工采摘为主,且机械化采摘质量和效率不高等问题,提出一种苹果采摘机器人监测系统。监测系统通过种植园环境、机器人运行状态、机器人作业质量以及后台监控系统四个模块,完成从采收前环境监测到采收后质量监测的全程监控。同时,为监测采摘后苹果的质量问题,提出了一种基于Mo-M2Det的苹果表面缺陷检测方法。以减少参数量和计算量为目的,改进M2Det目标检测网络,实现轻量化和高精度检测。实验结果表明,改进的M2Det目标检测网络检测准确率达到了98.45%,且模型参数量减少了56.3%。在实际应用中,改进的轻量化网络模型部署在检测平台上具有较好的检测效果。     

Anisotropic diffusion with generalized diffusion coefficient function for defect detection in low-contrast surface images

In this paper, an anisotropic diffusion model with a generalized diffusion coefficient function is presented for defect detection in low-contrast surface images and, especially, aims at material surfaces found in liquid crystal display (LCD) manufacturing. A defect embedded in a low-contrast surface image is extremely difficult to detect, because the intensity difference between the unevenly illuminated background and the defective region is hardly observable and no clear edges are present between the defect and its surroundings.The proposed anisotropic diffusion model provides a generalized diffusion mechanism that can flexibly change the curve of the diffusion coefficient function. It adaptively carries out a smoothing process for faultless areas and performs a sharpening process for defect areas in an image. An entropy criterion is proposed as the performance measure of the diffused image and then a stochastic evolutionary computation algorithm, particle swarm optimization (PSO), is applied to automatically determine the best parameter values of the generalized diffusion coefficient function. Experimental results have shown that the proposed method can effectively and efficiently detect small defects in various low-contrast surface images.     

High sensitive and selective formaldehyde sensors based on nanoparticle-assembled ZnO micro-octahedrons synthesized by homogeneous precipitation method

Nanoparticle-assembled ZnO micro-octahedrons were synthesized by a facile homogeneous precipitation method. The ZnO micro-octahedrons are hexagonal wurtzite with high crystallinity. Abundant structure defects were confirmed on ZnO surface by photoluminescence. Gas sensors based on the ZnO micro-octahedrons exhibited high response, selectivity and stability to 1–1000 ppm formaldehyde at 400 °C. Especially, even 1 ppm formaldehyde could be detected with high response (S = 22.7). It is of interest to point out that formaldehyde could be easily distinguished from ethanol or acetaldehyde with a selectivity of about 3. The high formaldehyde response is mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of high contents of electron donor defects (Zn_i and V_O) and highly active oxygen species (O²⁻) on the ZnO surface.     

软件缺陷分类的研究

软件缺陷分类是研究软件缺陷管理的基础。说明了软件缺陷的危害,阐述了对软件缺陷分类的必要性,考察了国内外关于软件缺陷错误分类的各种方法,分析了各种分类法的优缺点,提出了一个有利于提高软件质量和改进软件过程的分类方法,指出了缺陷管理系统的基本功能要求并总结了对软件缺陷进行分类的意义。     

热镀锌表面锌渣缺陷的形成分析及改进研究

结合马钢第四钢轧总厂1#和2#镀锌线投产四年来的生产实践,对热浸镀锌的锌渣缺陷形成机理进行了分析,重点探讨了锌渣缺陷的产生原因,提出在实际生产中从工艺和设备上采取措施进行控制,减少锌渣缺陷的产生,提高镀锌板表面质量。