工程车辆动力传动系统节能方案与试验研究

在保证动力输出的前提下,采用降低发动机的转速来降低重型车辆的能耗是目前切实可行的重要手段。通过建立传动系统的动力学模型,研究传动系统改进方案的动态特性,分析低转速发动机与新型大能容变矩器的匹配合理性。通过样机测试发现,优化后车辆工作效率最高的工作点大部分分布在发动机的最佳燃油效率区,起到了节能的目的;改进方案换挡过程压力变化平稳,换挡冲击较小。当油门开度维持在70%时发动机的燃油率最高约为38%;采用新的匹配方案后,前进一挡的节能效果最好,节油率提高了14.3%。试验结果为改进传动系统的控制策略设计提供了数据参考。     

浅谈城市道路绿化的现状和改善措施

道路绿化指的是在道路两旁及分隔带内种植树木、花草以及护路林等。具有美化城市、消除司机视觉疲劳、净化环境、减少交通事故等作用。在城市占据着不可取代的重要地位。文章分析了城市道路绿化的现状,指出了城市道路绿化建设方面存在的一些问题,如:道路绿地率降低、植物种类选择不当、乡土树种应用少、绿化形式和植物种类单一等等,本着"安全、实用、经济、美观"的原则,有针对性地提出了一些相应的改善措施。     

中空注浆锚索技术在软岩高地应力巷道的应用

针对清水营煤矿软岩巷道围岩失稳变形严重现象,本文主要对失稳原因进行分析总结,提出以中空注浆锚索补强加固为主的支护方案。文章介绍了中空注浆锚索支护原理,进行了中空注浆锚索支护试验,发现巷道顶板和帮的位移变形明显减小,变形量得到有效控制,减小了围岩的松动不稳定范围提高了巷道的持续承载能力和稳定性取得了良好的支护效果。     

汉语哈斯效应初探

哈斯效应从其发现之初,就受到研究者的关注,但目前的研究和应用主要集中在外语方面,针对汉语的研究较少。通过汉语音频设计探究哈斯效应在汉语方面的现象和规律。本研究不仅为国内立体声技术的发展提供理论基础,也为音乐厅等扩声系统提出了设计原则,有较为广泛的应用前景。     

弱激光疗法治疗烧伤创面的疗效观察

目的:探讨弱激光疗法对于治疗烧伤创面愈合的影响。方法:采用前瞻性研究方法对我院自2012年11月至2013年09月收治的度烧伤患者92例,随机分为对照组(41例)和观察组(51例),对照组采用常规治疗,观察组采用常规治疗联合弱激光疗法治疗。观察两组治疗效果。结果两组患者在治疗7d和14d时愈合率无差异(P0.05),治疗21d后观察组创面愈合率明著高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组创面平均愈合时间、局部感染发生率、抗生素平均使用时间及平均住院天数明著优于对照组(P0.05)。结论弱激光疗法对于治疗烧伤创面的愈合具有显著作用。     

Effects of pan-frying in margarine and olive oil on the fatty acid composition of cod and salmon

Effects on the fatty acid composition of cod (Gadus morhua) and salmon fillets (Salmo salar) after pan-frying in margarine and olive oil were determined. The fatty acids of the margarine used were 55.5% saturated (SFA), 33.0% mono-unsaturated (MUFA) and 11.5% polyunsaturated (PUFA). The olive oil used contained 15.4% SFA, 76.1% MUFA and 8.5% PUFA. Using margarine or olive oil increased the SFA and MUFA percentages, respectively, in both species. For cod fillets (lean), pan-frying increased the fat content (0.55–4.15 g/100 g and 0.55–2.30 g/100 g before and after pan-frying, with margarine and olive oil, respectively), whereas, for salmon fillets (fat), it decreased (13.91 to 10.57 g/100 g and 15.35 to 12.95 g/100 g before and after pan-frying with margarine and olive oil, respectively). In conclusion, the culinary fat selection affects the total fatty acid content and composition of the prepared fish fillet.     

镁在高温合金中的晶界效应和作用机制

偏聚到晶界的镁原子可将原子错配度较小的其它溶质原子从晶界驱逐到晶内点阵或晶界相中，并可增强间隙原子向晶界的偏聚；镁原子可进入晶界相的单胞中，从而促使晶界相球化，并降低其稳定性。     

Roles of β phase in the corrosion process of AZ91D magnesium alloy

For better understanding of the roles of β phase in the corrosion processes of AZ91D alloy, corrosion behavior of a cast (α + β phase) and a homogenized (α phase) AZ91D alloy was investigated in NaCl aqueous solution by gas collection and electrochemical measurements. According to the hydrogen evolution properties during corrosion, two different types of corrosion tend might be differentiated. For type I, hydrogen diffused into alloy, which evoked the decreasing of hydrogen evolution rate (HER) and the weakening of negative difference effect (NDE). For type II, in the corrosion process, hydrogen in the alloys diffused into the product film (P-type semiconductor), which suggested that hydrogen entering the film would be ionized. The generated electrons during ionization decreased the concentration of vacancies in the valence band of the product films, indicating an improvement of corrosion resistance of AZ91D alloy.     

����ˮ�������ȶ��Ե��о�

要利用天然气水合物实现对天然气的工业储运，就需要提高水合物的储气量并解决水合物的解析速度问题。为此，研究了在阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）体系中，甲烷水合物在冰点以下的常压分解规律。结果表明，随着温度的降低，水合物的分解受到自我保存性质的影响，分解速度减慢。在温度范围为269.1～266.1 K之间，甲烷水合物的分解速度存在突变；利用外推法计算260.1 K时甲烷水合物完全分解需要21 d，说明水合物的自我保存性质对气体水合物储运技术具有重要意义。实验也发现SDS体系中生成的甲烷水合物颗粒尺寸较小，颗粒堆积结构近似多孔介质，对甲烷气体有一定吸附作用。     

Combining disparate sources of information in the safety assessment of software-based systems

The main topic of the paper is a discussion on how to combine disparate sources of information in the safety assessment of software-based systems. This is based on experience gained through the licensing process of a programmable system in the Swedish nuclear power plant Ringhals, where a guideline for reviewing software in safety-related systems was applied. One lesson learned from this activity is that the approval of a programmable safety critical system, in particular one which is based on Commercial-Off-The-Shelf software, is based on a combination of disparate sources of information. This combination of information is made in a diagrammatic framework. An emerging methodology to combine information about disparate evidences in a systematic way is based on Bayesian Belief Networks. The objective is to show the link between basic information and the confidence one can have in a system.