节能的双电层电容器

为有效利用电动机制动时的再生功率,需要一种储能容量大、充电时间短、周期寿命长的电容器新产品。最近开发的可瞬时充电及高电压化的新型双电层电容器,适用于电动机的再生制动。由于对频繁起／停的电动机进行能量回收,故可实现电动机驱动系统的大幅度节能。     

Volt/Var control in a distribution system by a fuzzy optimization approach

This paper presents a fuzzy optimization approach for solving the Volt/Var control problem in a distribution system with uncertainties. Wind turbines are being considered in the study distribution system. The main purpose is to find an optimum combination of tap position for the main transformer under load tap changer (ULTC) and on/off status for switched capacitors in a day to minimize the voltage deviation on the secondary bus of the main transformer, reactive power flow through the main transformer and real power loss on feeders. When performing the Volt/Var control problem in conventional methods, the hourly load and wind speed must be forecasted to prevent errors. However, actually there are always errors in these forecasted values. A characteristic feature of the proposed fuzzy optimization approach is that the forecast hourly load and wind speed errors can be taken into account using fuzzy sets. Fuzzy set notations in the load demand, wind speed, voltage deviation on the secondary bus, reactive power flow through the main transformer and total real power loss on feeders are developed to obtain the optimal dispatching schedule under an uncertain environment. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the Volt/Var control problem is performed in a distribution system within the service area of Yunlin District Office of Taiwan Power Company (TPC). The results show that a proper dispatching schedule for ULTC position and capacitor switching operation can be reached using the proposed method.     

中高温熔点金属材料固–液相变点导热系数测量

设计了一种中、高温熔点金属材料固-液相变点温度附近热物性动态测算方法,并与计算机实时数据采集和测控技术结合起来,研制了相应的动态测试仪。通过实验测定相界面的移动速率与相变导热反问题的数值计算相结合的办法来确定被测材料的热物性。分别对相变室、炉体、相界面探测器、温度在线检测与控制系统、测试过程进行了设计,对测试系统的测量误差进行了定量分析,发现采用此方法测试的系统误差不超过3%。用已知热物性的锌、铝金属对此方法进行了检定,得到了较为满意的测试结果。     

Thermal conductivity of ultra low-k dielectrics

The so-called 3ω measurement technique (transient hot wire method) was established to determine the thermal conductivity of thin films. Measurements of standard substrates and films validate the found thermal conductivity values and agree with published, commonly accepted values. The method was successfully applied to determine the thermal conductivity of porous low-k dielectric materials using special test structure fabrication. The thermal conductivity of the porous low-k dielectrics thus measured is only between 7 and 13% of the thermal conductivity of thermally grown silicon dioxide.     

Effect of Film Thickness on Properties of a—Si：H Films

The a -Si:H film with different thickness smaller than 1μm were deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) under the optimum deposition contitions.The effect of diferent thickness on film properties is analyzed.The results show that,with the increase of the film thickness,the dark conductivity ,photoconductivity and threshold voltage increase,the optical gap and peak ratio of TA to TO in the Raman spectra decrease, the refractive index keeps almost constant, and the optical absorption coefficient and current ration of on/off state first maximize and then reduce.     

印制线路板中的热设计问题

本文介绍了热阻的几种概念及计算方法,并讨论了PWB、PCB热设计中有关散热设计对策。     

纳米结构Ag-TCNQ电双稳薄膜的制备及分析

采用真空蒸发和大气环境下后热处理的方法制备了纳米量级颗粒均匀的Ag-TCNQ薄膜。通过可见光范围透射谱、x射线衍射、原子力显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱以及x光电子谱等分析研究了薄膜的物理和化学性质，发现热处理可促使Ag和TCNQ发生充分的络合反应并减小薄膜的颗粒度，在此基础上利用STM实现了局城电双稳态的转变和纳米存储点的写入。     

利用STM构建金属有机材料的纳米结构和改变电学性质

研究和开发利用扫描隧道显微镜(STM)对材料进行纳米尺度加工的功能，藉助于STM针尖和样品之间的强电场在金属有机络合物Ag-TCNQ薄膜表面构建了纳米点、纳米点阵和纳米线等纳米结构。伏安(I-U)特性曲线和扫描隧道的测试表明，在针尖强场作用后材料表面的局域电子态密度迅速增大，在电学上由高阻态转变为低阻态，这种效应可能归因于金属原子和有机分子之间的电荷转移。这些纳米结构展示了用作高密度存储器和纳米导线的可能性，有机导电材料将是未来纳米电子材料的理想候选者，而STM则将成为纳米电子学微细加工的有力工具。     

Highly Conductive Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly (styrenesulfonate) Films Using 1‐Ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium Tetracyanoborate Ionic Liquid

Highly conductive poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films are obtained using ionic liquids as additives. Upon adding 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate (EMIM TCB) to the conducting polymer, the conductivity increases to 2084 S cm^?1; this is attributed to the phase separation of PSS leading to a structural change in the film. A comparative study with 1‐butyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIM BF₄) shows that EMIM TCB gives higher conductivity and transmittance and can be regarded as one of the most promising additives for the preparation of indium tin oxide (ITO)‐free organic devices using PEDOT:PSS/EMIM TCB as electrodes.     

用于电子封装的纳米银浆低温无压烧结连接的研究

用纳米银浆在低温无压条件下烧结获得了铜与铜的互连,这一接头制造过程可以替代钎料应用于电子封装中。在150℃～200℃烧结温度下,接头强度为17 MPa～25 MPa,热导率为54 W/（m.K）～74 W/（m.K）。柠檬酸根作为保护层包覆在纳米颗粒表面起到稳定作用。保护层与纳米颗粒之间形成的化学键断裂是烧结过程发生的开始。通过透射电镜观察发现了一种新的由于有机保护层不完全分解产生的松塔状纳米银颗粒烧结再结晶形貌。讨论了这种再结晶形貌对接头导热性能产生的影响。