Gildes model studies of aqueous chemistry. III. Initial SO2-induced atmospheric corrosion of copper

The GILDES computer model, incorporating Stumm's concept of proton- and ligand-promoted dissolution, has been used to simulate the exposure of copper at room temperature to 210 ppb sulfur dioxide and 80% relative humidity. The agreement is good between the calculations and laboratory exposures performed under these exposure conditions. Surface reactions are relatively more important at lower relative humidities and the dominant corrosion products formed are solid state Cu₂SO₃, CuSO₃ and Cu₂U. Free-radical redox processes are important participants and control the relative distribution of Cu(I)- and Cu(H)-containing corrosion products.     

铜蒸汽激光器双闸流管触发系统的研究

研制成用于钢蒸汽激光器的双间流管触发系统。用两个闸流管并联进行交替触发，总输入电功率达7．8kW。低功率运行时，激光器的效率为0．6％与单间流管激光器的效率一致。     

废电解液除杂制取硫酸铜和粗镍

介绍了废电解液除杂制取硫酸铜和粗镍的主要工艺条件及试验结果。在废电解液中加入CH80调节pH值到一定范围后,再加入CH64将电解液中Fe2+等杂质除去,铁的去除率可达到94%～98%。然后向滤液中加入CH80调节pH值沉淀铜。过滤后的滤饼用H2SO4溶解后再结晶,可得到CuSO4·5H2O晶体。滤液中加入Na2CO3沉淀镍,过滤后的滤饼即为粗镍(NiCO3)。铜和镍的回收率分别达96%和90%。该流程简单,投资少,效益高,环境保护好,在工业上有较广的应用前景。     

Mechanism for the Peritectic Reaction and Growth of Aligned Grains in YBa2Cu3O6+x

It is experimentally observed that the peritectic reaction, 211 + liquid → 123, can be driven essentially to completion in 1 h at an undercooling of only ∽30°C. The kinetic data, together with the observed microstructures, are inconsistent with the normal mechanism of the peritectic reaction. It is proposed that the mechanism of the reaction involves dissolution of 211 particles into the liquid and precipitation of solid 123. The aligned grain structure is explained through sympathetic nucleation of new 123 grains on existing grains.     

n-Al2O3/Ni复合镀层的组织与滑动磨损性能研究

用电刷镀技术制得了镍基n-Al2O3复合镀层，并对镀层的滑动磨损性能进行了试验研究。纳米复合镀层的表面形貌比较细腻，镀层中纳米粒子分布均匀，与基质金属结合紧密。镀层显微硬度达到HV700，比快速镍镀层提高约40％。滑动磨损试验结果表明，随着纳米粒子含量的增大，镀层的耐磨性提高，摩擦系数也呈增大趋势；但当镀层中n-Al2O3粒子的超过2.56%(质量分数）时，镀层的耐磨性显著下降。纳米复合镀层的磨损机制以疲劳磨损为主，而快速镍底层以粘着磨损为主。     

超高纯铜的制备方法和应用

简要介绍了超高纯铜(UHPC)的几种精炼方法，以及它在工业方面的应用。并对超高纯铜的研究开发趋势及应用前景进行了展望。     

黄埔发电厂#6发电机转冷水系统改造

黄埔发电厂#6发电机转冷水铜离子含量超标，通过对缺陷原因进行分析，针对二级水封的特性对溢出的转冷水进行回收并利用化学凝结水处理去除溶出的铜离子，通过控制转冷水的pH值最终减缓铜管的腐蚀.     

用于铜的化学机械抛光液的研究

文中介绍了一种以碱性抛光液对铜进行全局平面化的方法 ,讨论了以 Si O2 水溶胶为磨料的抛光液在Cu-CMP过程中的化学 (络合 )作用及反应机理 ,并给出了抛光液的配比及上机实验结果。结果表明 :该抛光液用于对带有阻挡层和介质层的铜抛光 ,达到了对铜层的高去除速率和高选择比 ,取得了较好的全局平面化效果     

镀液中SiC含量和粒径对Ni-P-SiC复合化学镀层性能的影响

采用化学镀方法制备了Ni P SiC复合镀层 ,系统研究了镀液中SiC含量和粒径对镀层结构及显微硬度的影响。结果表明 ,镀层中SiC析出量随镀液中SiC含量的增加而增加 ,在SiC含量一定的情况下 ,当SiC粒径为 7.0 μm时 ,析出量最大 ;镀液中SiC的含量和粒度对原始镀层的硬度影响不大 ,但对 4 0 0℃热处理后的镀层硬度有显著影响     

Change in Availability of Mineral and Raw Material Resources as a Result of Scientific and Technical Progress

The tendencies characterizing worsening of natural, mining and technical, as well as mining and geological conditions of deposit mining are analyzed for the last 100 years. The change in prices for mineral raw material is shown, and the influence exerted by scientific and technical progress in the sphere of mining and processing of copper-containing ores is established. An approach to the estimate of available mineral reserves and possibility of their involvement in mining is stated.