热反射涂料对储罐腐蚀性能的作用规律研究

太阳热反射涂料用于储罐外壁涂装可以使其外表面保持相对低温,不仅可以达到减少储罐降温喷淋的频次,起到节水节电的作用,同时,降低温度也降低了相应的腐蚀速率,达到比传统防腐涂料更好的防腐效果。     

Performance enhancement of multicrystalline silicon solar cells and modules using double‐layered SiNx:H antireflection coatings

Silicon nitride coating deposited by the plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition method is the most widely used antireflection coating for crystalline silicon solar cells. In this work, we employed double‐layered silicon nitride coating consisting of a top layer with a lower refractive index and a bottom layer (contacting the silicon wafer) with a higher refractive index for multicrystalline silicon solar cells. An optimization procedure was presented for maximizing the photovoltaic performance of the encapsulated solar cells or modules. The dependence of their photovoltaic properties on the thickness of silicon nitride coatings was carefully analyzed. Desirable thicknesses of the individual silicon nitride layers for the double‐layered coatings were calculated. In order to get statistical conclusions, we fabricated a large number of multicrystalline silicon solar cells using the standard production line for both the double‐layered and single‐layered antireflection coating types. On the cell level, the double‐layered silicon nitride antireflection coating resulted in an increase of 0.21%, absolute for the average conversion efficiency, and 1.8 mV and 0.11 mA/cm² for the average open‐circuit voltage and short‐circuit current density, respectively. On the module level, the cell to module power transfer factor was analyzed, and it was demonstrated that the double‐layered silicon nitride antireflection coating provided a consistent enhancement in the photovoltaic performance for multicrystalline silicon solar cell modules than the single‐layered silicon nitride coating. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fabrication of Titanium Bipolar Plates by Rubber Forming Process and Evaluation Characteristics of TiN coated Titanium Bipolar Plates

In this study, the rubber forming process is used to fabricate a micro‐channel titanium plate for a PEM fuel cell. The micro‐channel plate is fabricated using a 200 ton hydraulic press, and various parameters (punch speed, press pressure, rubber thickness, rubber hardness) are investigated in order to evaluate the formability. TiN films are deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering (DCMS) with an electromagnetic field system (EMFS). For the uncoated titanium and TiN‐coated titanium substrates, the hardness, surface roughness, and corrosion resistance are estimated by nano‐indentation and electrochemical methods, respectively. The improved corrosion resistance of the TiN films can be attributed to the densification of the film caused by enhancement of nitrification with increasing high reactive nitrogen radicals. The uncoated titanium and TiN‐coated titanium bipolar plates are combined with a unit cell for a performance test, and respective current densities of 0.396 and 0.888 A cm⁻² at 0.6 V are obtained.     

非均相沉淀法在无机包覆中的应用

结合近来非均相沉淀法在颗粒包覆中的应用进展情况,对利用该法进行颗粒包覆时的一些关键因素:覆层前驱物溶液浓度、体系pH值、基体颗粒的分散、包覆类型等作了较系统论述.     

热障涂层热导率的研究进展

简要回顾了热障涂层体系的发展,讨论了氧化锆陶瓷材料的传热规律,包括涂层微观结构、陶瓷成分等因素的影响.同时指出了改进陶瓷涂层热导率的方法和开发适用于更高温度下的陶瓷涂层材料的指导原则,并详细介绍了改善热障涂层热导率的研究现状.     

泡沫Ni-32Cr合金的结构及其性能研究

以聚氨酯泡沫树脂为基体,采用浆料涂覆、电沉积、热解和合金化等技术制备出网状结构的高孔率泡沫Ni-32Cr合金.对该泡沫合金的形貌结构、成分分布和使用性能进行了分析研究.实验结果表明:该泡沫合金骨架平整,成分均匀,相对密度为6.4%,骨架的室温显微硬度HV为168,压缩强度约5MPa,且800℃时氧化1h,其增重率小于2×10-3.     

多元合金化强化TiN复合镀层的研究进展

多元合金化是提高TiN镀层的有效途径之一,也是目前研究的热点.本研究综述了多元合金强化TiN复合镀层的最新进展,详述了Ti(CxN1-x),(Ti,Al)N,(Ti,Nb)N,Ti-Si-N,Ti-B-N,Ti-C3N4复合镀层的工艺、结构和性能,指出了今后TiN镀层的研究方向.     

激光熔覆生物陶瓷涂层生物相容性体内研究

将激光熔覆原位合成的钙磷涂层及TC4分别植入健康的Mongrel成年狗,术后15天、60天和180天观察涂层与基材、涂层与机体组织的结合形态及植入后对动物的组织影响.此外,用涂层材料进行肌肉植入实验,分别在15天、37天、60天和180天观察其组织生长形态.结果表明:激光熔覆原位合成的钙磷涂层在动物体内其表面有新骨产生,说明了涂层材料在机体内具有诱导骨生成的生物活性;观察动物的植入部位无感染,无组织吸收或增生等不良反应,材料与肌肉间未发现有不良反应,材料与肌肉界面覆盖的结缔组织层随种植时间延长而增厚.激光熔覆原位合成的钙磷涂层具有良好的体内生物相容性和活性,是一种体内生物陶瓷涂层材料.     

金色闪光铝粉颜料的制备研究

本文采用乳液聚合法将聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)包覆在片状闪光铝粉颜料表面,得到了具有金色闪光效果的铝粉颜料.通过扫描电镜(SEM)照片表明在铝粉颗粒表面可形成厚度均匀的PMMA包覆干涉层;通过差热分析(TG)、光电子能谱(XPS)对片状铝粉表面结构进行分析,得出铝粉颗粒表面确实存在PMMA的包覆层且PMMA与铝粉颗粒是以化学键作用相结合.     

钛合金表面三种预涂材料的激光熔覆研究

为提高钛合金的表面耐磨性能,分别以NiCrBSi、NiCrBSi B4C和B4C Ti三种材料体系为预涂粉,在Ti-6Al-4V表面涂覆不同厚度的预涂层,采用CO2激光器进行激光熔覆工艺研究.在相同激光熔覆工艺条件下,对不同材料体系的涂层质量进行观察与分析,确认NiCrBSi B4C材料涂层是三种材料体系中最好的.在激光熔覆过程中,NiCrBSi B4C材料中的B4C和Ti发生反应,原位生成增强相,对涂层有强化作用.而且,NiCrBSi的加入控制了原位反应的剧烈程度,减少裂纹和气孔,保证了涂层质量.