Sintering behaviour of La1−xSrxFeO3−δ mixed conductors

The sintering properties of La_1−xSr_xFeO_3−δ (x = 0.1, 0.25) mixed conductors have been investigated with particular emphasis on the effect of secondary phases due to cation non-stoichiometry (±5 mol% La excess and deficiency). Secondary phases, located at grain boundaries in cation non-stoichiometric materials, increased the sintering temperature compared to single-phase materials. Extensive swelling in final stage of sintering was observed in all materials, which resulted in micro-porous materials. The swelling was most pronounced in the phase pure and two-phase materials due to La-deficiency, while refractory secondary phases in La-excess materials inhibited both sintering, grain growth and swelling. In La-deficient materials, formation of molten secondary phases resulted in rapid swelling due to viscous flow. The present findings demonstrated the importance of controlling sintering temperature and time, as well as careful control of the cation stoichiometry of La_1−xSr_xFeO_3−δ in order to achieve fully dense and homogenous La_1−xSr_xFeO_3−δ ceramics.     

中国特色新型智库评价体系建设思考

随着全球化、国际竞争加剧,迫切需要从党和国家事业发展全局的战略高度,把中国特色新型智库建设作为一项重大而紧迫的任务。建设中国特色新型智库关键之一便是建设符合实际情况的中国特色新型智库评价体系,这对发挥评价排名对智库有效产出的促进作用,扩大中国智库国际影响力,提高中国智库在国际公共外交上的作用具有重大的意义。本文通过简要分析国内外智库评价基本情况,思考我国智库评价过程中存在的问题并尝试给出一些建设建议。     

燃料电池发动机冷启动进气预热系统性能研究

为了分析冷启动过程中质子交换膜燃料电池发动机的空气加热系统的工作性能,采用ε-NTU方法和CFD仿真技术得到了双流程换热器内部的温度分布,研究了冷却液温度和流量对整体散热器的换热性能的影响。通过比较发现模拟值与测试数据的误差小于10%,表明仿真模型和采用多孔介质模型的研究方法的可行性。根据仿真结果,采用遗传算法得到了该系统采用的铝制散热器的冷却液的最优参数组合,研究结果为优化空气预热系统,提高散热器的冷却效率提供了指导。     

A discrete-event model to simulate the effect of truck bunching due to payload variance on cycle time,hauled mine materials and fuel consumption

Data collected from truck payload management systems at various surface mines shows that the payload variance is significant and must be considered in analysing the mine productivity,energy consumption,greenhouse gas emissions and associated cost.Payload variance causes significant differences in gross vehicle weights.Heavily loaded trucks travel slower up ramps than lightly loaded trucks.Faster trucks are slowed by the presence of slower trucks,resulting in‘bunching’,production losses and increasing fuel consumptions.This paper simulates the truck bunching phenomena in large surface mines to improve truck and shovel systems’efficiency and minimise fuel consumption.The study concentrated on completing a practical simulation model based on a discrete event method which is most commonly used in this field of research in other industries.The simulation model has been validated by a dataset collected from a large surface mine in Arizona state,USA.The results have shown that there is a good agreement between the actual and estimated values of investigated parameters.     

大型油罐群消防多模式监控系统设计

为了提高石油储罐群消防安全监控系统的可靠性和灵活性,提出了一种基于工控机平台、平板电脑和Android手机的多模式监控系统的设计方案。分析了多模式监控系统的总体设计、底层各模块的功能,给出了中心计算机的上位监控、中心手动操作盘的应急手操以及移动监控模式的具体开发与实现方式。经调试证明,系统运行稳定,大大提升了消防控制系统的上位监控水平。     

无挡板搅拌槽内的自由表面湍流流场研究

基于VOF多相流模型,建立了自由液面搅拌流场的数值模型和模拟方法。以偏心和无挡板中心搅拌槽为例,分别使用标准k-ε模型和分离涡模型研究了搅拌槽内流体的时均速度分布,发现数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好,仅略低于实验值。整体而言,使用分离涡模型时模拟结果与实验值之间的误差不超过12%,而k-ε模型的模拟精度则较差。研究结果表明,分离涡模型和VOF模型相结合,能很好地模拟搅拌槽内流体的自由液面流动特性。     

污泥燃烧特性及动力学分析

利用热重分析方法对污水污泥、罐底油泥的燃烧进行了试验研究。结果表明:污泥的主要失重阶段为挥发分的析出燃烧阶段,升温速率的提高使得污泥燃烧由于热滞后现象向高温区域偏移,燃烧特性指数呈升高趋势。随升温速率的增加,污泥的着火温度呈升高趋势。采用C-R方法求解动力学参数,确定燃烧机理。结果表明:污水污泥低温段的燃烧机理为随机成核和随后生长,高温段的燃烧机理为二维扩散,罐底油泥低温段的燃烧机理为随机成核和随后生长,高温段的燃烧机理为三维扩散。     

基于Eulerian模型的三维立式脱水沉降罐数值模拟

利用计算流体力学(CFD)分析软件ANSYS(FLUENT)的多相流Eulerian模型对三维立式脱水沉降罐油水分离过程进行了非稳态数值模拟,同时使用用户自定义函数(UDF)编写流体物性值随温度的变化关系。从模拟结果中观察了温度场、体积分数和流场的细节特征,结果发现,配液管温度、油相体积分数影响配液孔流速;进液温度在60~80℃时,较高的温度总是有利于油水分离;罐内油相速度在乳化层处扩散。     

顶升调正纠偏法在储油罐安装过程中的应用

介绍了立式钢制储油罐倒装法施工过程中,采用整体液压顶升油罐后注入沥青砂的调正纠偏具体做法,解决了因底板边缘板局部在罐自身重力作用下出现凸凹变形,导致底层壁板与罐底板角焊缝无法组对焊接的问题,对解决大型储油罐安装过程中的此类问题有一定的指导意义.     

铝合金罐式运输半挂车技术浅析

轻质材料日益得到广泛应用,本文通过工厂对铝合金材料焊接工艺加以总结,对以铝合金为材质的罐式半挂车结构进行归纳和分析,对铝合金罐车在安全、节能、环保等方面的特点进行评价。