Deforming Nanocrystalline Metals: New Insights,New Puzzles

Recent experiments have brought new insights into the mechanisms which govern the plasticity of nanocrystalline metals. In particular, new opportunities have arisen from the finding that bulk nanocrystalline samples with extremely small grain size, prepared by the inert gas condensation technique, can be deformed to large true strain. The findings elucidate the roles of creep, partial dislocation activity along with its consequences, faulting and twinning, as well as grain boundary sliding and grain rotation. However, they also rise intriguing new questions, specifically with respect to the mechanisms of dislocation nucleation at grain boundaries, and with respect to slip system selection and alignment in twinned grains. An emerging insight is that there is not ‘the’ deformation mechanism at small grain size; instead, deformation mechanism maps in, for instance, the parameter space spanned by the strain rate and the grain size, are more appropriate representations of the various processes that control the materials behavior.     

Boundary Strengthening over Five Length Scales

The strengthening effect of grain boundaries and dislocation boundaries is a traditional metallurgical theme, which at the present time is being revived. The reason is the scientific and industrial interest in strength obtained through a structural refinement. Such a refinement is found in nanocrystalline metals subdivided by grain boundaries and in heavily deformed metals subdivided by a mixture of dislocation boundaries and high angle boundaries. The structural dimension of these materials covers a scale form the nanometre range to the hundreds micrometers level i.e. five length scales. Consequently, a multiscale analysis has been applied to the relationship between strength and the boundary parameters. As an example this analysis suggests that the yield stress/grain size relationship follows the Hall‐Petch relationship down to a grain size of about 15–20 nm showing large potential for strengthening of a metal through a structural refinement.     

Q345含Nb低碳钢CSP轧制时动态再结晶的研究

用Gleeble -1 50 0热模拟试验机模拟研究了包钢生产的含NbQ3 4 5C低碳钢( % :0 0 56C ,1 2 0Mn ,0 . 0 52Nb ,0 . 0 3 3V ,0 .0 1 2Ti,0 0 .0 52N) 52mm连铸坯在CSP(紧凑式带材生产)轧制时的高温变形过程中真应力应变曲线,回归得出动态再结晶数学模型和动态再结晶的临界条件:Z =9.70×1 0 11exp( 2 5εc)和Z =1 .77×1 0 12 exp( 1 5.8εs) ,式中Z- 变形因子,εc -开始发生动态再结晶的临界变形量,εs -发生完全再结晶的临界变形量。利用动态再结晶判定图,避开轧制道次间的部分再结晶区进行轧制,可有效地降低钢板中的混晶组织。     

基于Struts架构的粮食储运管理信息系统

结合粮食企业的实际业务流程，重点分析了基于Struts结构的MVC具体实现技术，分析和描述了Struts＋JSP2．0＋EJB的整合技术，定义了组件所扮演的具体角色；最后以一个浏览粮食入库记录模块为例，对Struts构架下管理信息系统的技术实现进行了详细说明，给出了相关构造功能描述和部分核心代码及其说明。经实际现场运行表明，所用技术的新特性提高了实际信息管理系统的安全性和稳定性，由于采用JSP2．0和Struts标签库，还使JSP页面基本上避免了脚本元素，从而导致开发页面更加规范和简洁。     

FE simulation for the forging process of TC6 alloy disc utilising a microstructural model

The interaction between the deformation behavior and microstructural evolution is the main characteristic in the forging process of a titanium alloy and the interaction can be researched using FE simulation. In this paper, a constitutive equation, considering the effects of grain size on the deformation behavior, is established for high temperature deformation of titanium alloys. Also, FE simulation of deformation behavior combined with heat transfer and grain size in the forging process of TC6 alloy disc is carried out. By FE simulation, the deformation distribution and grain size were illustrated for the forging of a TC6 alloy disc at 920 °C deformation temperature and 2.0 mm/s of hammer velocity. The calculated deformation load and grain size are in a good agreement with the experimental results.     

闭塞冷锻轿车差速器行星齿轮组织性能研究

借助于现代冶金分析技术,对应用闭塞冷锻工艺成形轿车差速器行星齿轮的组织、性能进行了研究.研究了齿轮锻件的纤维组织变化和性能变化,结果表明,采用闭塞冷锻工艺生产的行星齿轮表面晶粒获得明显细化,晶粒度达9级,弯曲强度和耐磨性获得了显著提高,克服了产品设计带来的不足.此项研究为闭塞冷锻适用化工艺研究奠定了微观理论基础.     

用于微波电路的单层片式晶界层电容器

研究了施主掺杂还原气氛烧结的SrTiO3基半导体瓷的组成与性能关系.通过等效电路分析,XRD、SEM显微结构观察,探讨晶界效应及其特性对瓷料性能作用的机理,从而制成介电系数可调(10000～50000),电容量变化率低(≤±4.7%～≤±22%),使用温域宽(-55℃～ 125℃)的单层片式晶界层电容器瓷片.通过在瓷片上溅射和电镀方法制作电极,并以光刻腐蚀,精密加工成通用型、表面贴装型、多电极型和阵列型的单层片式电容器,用于微波电路.     

冬小麦品质的影响因素及高光谱遥感监测方法

研究了小麦品质的分类及其构成因素与环境条件之间的关系，各品质因素之间的关系。运用相同栽培条件下不同品种品质指标间的关系和变化规律，研究了品种因素对小麦品质的影响程度以及品种因素与品质指标之间的相关性，得出相同环境条件下籽粒的蛋白质含量与湿面筋含量、沉降值、吸水率、形成时间和稳定时间之间存在极显著的相关性。并利用不同品种、不同肥水条件下的作物关键生育时期的生化参量与光谱指数进行分析，得出开花期冬小麦叶片的类胡萝卜素与叶绿素a的比值与结构不敏感植被指数(SIPI)之间存在极显著的正相关，决定系数达到0．7207，冬小麦体内的全氮含量与类胡萝卜紊与叶绿素口的比值之间存在极显著的负相关，决定系数为0．7245，并通过分析开花期冠层生化组分与籽粒品质指标间的相关性，得出开花期叶片全氮与籽粒蛋白质、湿面筋、干面筋和沉降值之间存在极显著的正相关，表面运用开花期光谱指数来反演叶片全氮含量，进而用来预测预报籽粒品质是切实可行的。