Chip geometries during high-speed machining for orthogonal cutting conditions

The originality of this work consists in taking photographs of chips during the cutting process for a large range of speeds. Contrary to methods usually used such as the quick stop in which root chips are analyzed after an abrupt interruption of the cutting, the proposed process photographs the chip geometry during its elaboration. An original device reproducing perfectly orthogonal cutting conditions is used because it allows a good accessibility to the zone of machining and reduces considerably the vibrations found in conventional machining tests. A large range of cutting velocities is investigated (from 17 to 60 m/s) for a middle hard steel (French Standards XC18). The experimental measures of the root chip geometry, more specifically the tool-chip contact length and the shear angle, are obtained from an analysis of the pictures obtained with a numerical high-speed camera. These geometrical characteristics of chips are studied for various cutting speeds, at the three rake angles −5, 0, +5° and for different depths of cut reaching 0.65 mm.     

选矿厂细磨磨矿介质的选择及研究

介绍、分析研究了选矿厂细磨中的磨矿介质选择的方法。从磨矿介质的尺寸、形状、材质 3个方面 ,进行了理论研究和实验验证 ,提出了一个可行的方案。     

基于加权支持向量机的凸轮升程误差拟合方法

针对凸轮磨削加工过程中存在局部升程误差严重超差的问题,提出了加权支持向量机的凸轮升程误差补偿方法。首先根据圆率的符号判断凸轮升程误差值是否连续,然后建立了不连续点与相邻点之间夹角与加权值的关系。通过加权支持向量机对凸轮升程误差值进行拟合。然后将原始凸轮升程值减去经拟合后的凸轮升程误差值,获得新的凸轮升程值。再根据圆率自动调整加权值的系数,使凸轮升程值光滑点数最大,即获得最优的凸轮升程值。对上述算法进行仿真和编程,经YTM8336-16数控凸轮轴磨床进行磨削验证。实验表明,凸轮升程误差由原来的±0.059 mm降至±0.011 mm,表面粗糙度由Ra0.32μm降至Ra0.25μm,获得良好的效果。     

Iterative control approach to high-speed force-distance curve measurement using AFM: time-dependent response of PDMS example

Force-distance curve measurements using atomic force microscope (AFM) has been widely used in a broad range of areas. However, currently force-curve measurements are hampered the its low speed of AFM. In this article, a novel inversion-based iterative control technique is proposed to dramatically increase the speed of force-curve measurements. Experimental results are presented to show that by using the proposed control technique, the speed of force-curve measurements can be increased by over 80 times--with no loss of spatial resolution--on a commercial AFM platform and with a standard cantilever. High-speed force curve measurements using this control technique are utilized to quantitatively study the time-dependent elastic modulus of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). The force-curves employ a broad spectrum of push-in (load) rates, spanning two-order differences. The elastic modulus measured at low-speed compares well with the value obtained from dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) test, and the value of the elastic modulus increases as the push-in rate increases, signifying that a faster external deformation rate transitions the viscoelastic response of PDMS from that of a rubbery material toward a glassy one.     

基于FPDP协议的高速数据传输总线设计与实现

基于前面板数据端口(FPDP)总线协议,设计并实现了一种高速数据传输总线。该总线为32位同步并行总线,可以提供多块板卡间的高速数据传输。文中通过FPGA实现的示例,给出了数据传输总线的性能,表明了其在多板卡系统中的应用是可行的。     

UAV imagery based potential safety hazard evaluation for high-speed railroad using Real-time instance segmentation

Potential safety hazards (PSHs) along the track needs to be inspected and evaluated regularly to ensure a safe environment for high-speed railroad operations. Other than track inspection, evaluating potential safety hazards in the nearby areas often requires inspectors to patrol along the track and visually identify potential threads to the train operation. The current visual inspection approach is very time-consuming and may raise safety concerns for the inspectors, especially in remote areas. Using the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has great potential to complement the visual inspection by providing a better view from the top and ease the safety concerns in many cases. This study develops an automatic PSH detection framework named YOLARC (You Only Look at Railroad Coefficients) using UAV imagery for high-speed railroad monitoring. First, YOLARC is equipped with a new backbone having multiple available receptive fields to strengthen the multi-scale representation capability at a granular level and enrich the semantic information in the feature space. Then, the system integrates the abundant semantic features at different high-level layers by a light weighted feature pyramid network (FPN) with multi-scale pyramidal architecture and a Protonet with residual structure to precisely predict the track areas and PSHs. A hazard level evaluation (HLE) method, which calculates the distance between identified PSH and the track, is also developed and integrated for quantifying the hazard level. Experiments conducted on the UAV imagery of high-speed railroad dataset show the proposed system can quickly and effectively turn UAV images into useful information with a high detection rate and processing speed.     

面向负载均衡的高铁路网列车开行方案优化方法

针对当前高速铁路运营过程中存在的运输需求与运力资源不匹配现象,面向负载均衡原理研究了路网条件下运能可适配的高速铁路旅客列车开行方案优化与评估方法.首先,针对路网条件下列车开行方案优化,构建以提升经济效益、社会效益和网络负载均衡为目标的非线性混合整数规划模型,并设计基于遗传算法和粒子群算法的两阶段混合搜索求解算法.在此基础上,考虑开行列车在高速铁路网中的抗干扰能力,建立了面向网络化运营场景的开行方案综合评估指标体系,揭示了故障场景下高速铁路网络性能的演化规律.最后,以实际高速铁路线路数据和运营数据为场景进行仿真实验,本文提出方法在保证运输需求和路局收益的同时能够有效地提升8.66%网络整体负载均衡性,增强发生故障时网络的抗干扰能力.     

铁铕共掺杂的TiO_2空心微球的制备及光催化活性

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备铁铕共掺杂的TiO_2(Fe~(3+)-Eu~(3+)/TiO_2)空心微球,采用XRD、TEM、BET和XPS等对样品进行表征,以亚甲基蓝(MB)的光催化降解为目标反应,评价其光催化活性。结果表明:SiO_2微球表面均匀地包覆了1层TiO_2,超声有利于提高SiO_2@TiO_2复合微球间的分散性,同时也发现煅烧前对SiO_2@TiO_2复合微球进行研磨处理后所得的Fe~(3+)-Eu~(3+)/TiO_2空心微球部分塌陷,而未研磨和煅烧后研磨所得Fe~(3+)-Eu~(3+)/TiO_2空心微球完整性较好。XRD和BET分析表明,Fe~(3+)-Eu~(3+)/TiO_2空心微球为锐钛矿且具有良好的介孔结构,铁铕共掺杂在TiO_2空心微球中产生协同作用,使Fe3+-Eu3+/TiO2空心微球的粒径进一步减小,比表面积增大。当Fe~(3+)的掺杂量为1.0%、Eu~(3+)的掺杂量为0.5%时,Fe~(3+)-Eu~(3+)/TiO_2空心微球的光催化活性最高。     

迭代学习的高速伺服系统位置控制策略

针对高速运动伺服控制系统的精确位宣跟踪控制问题,在A型迭代学习控制算法的基础上,提出了一种基于比例一预期迭代学习控制的位置控制策略,并将其应用于建立的交流永磁同步电机模型,最后利用Matlab进行仿真研究。结果表明,此控制策略仅需少量对象信息就能满足系统的性能要求。它与常见迭代学习控制算法相比,具有位置控制精度高、学习收敛速度快等优点。