Nanoclays: Two-dimensional shuttles for rare earth complexes in aqueous solution

Nanoclays are shown to be attractive substrates in at least two major respects. Firstly, Hectorite analogous commercial clays (“Laponite”) can facilitate the usage of luminescent rare earth ions in aqueous solution, as their adherence to the clay surface strongly reduces water coordination and thus enables dramatically improved emission intensities. This also holds true for complexes of Tb³⁺, which coordinate water in their native crystalline state, as demonstrated for tris(bipyiridine) complexes. For these, the laponite interaction affords a 16-fold gain in emission intensity in aqueous solution over the dissolved complex. Secondly, the two-dimensional, disk-like morphology of the clays enables a sufficient proximity of Ce³⁺ and Tb³⁺ to allow an energy transfer even at comparably low solution concentrations. In partially laminated, solid powders the efficiencies of the corresponding interlayer species decrease due to intimate interactions with the surrounding silicate and interlayer water, which can, however be counteracted by keeping the disks apart with long-chain, alkylammonium cations as spacers between the disks.     

悬挂式接管焊接机器人机电系统

针对接管相贯线处的焊接特点,研发了悬挂式接管焊接机器人,介绍了机械结构特点和适用性.控制系统采用工业PC作为主控计算机和PMAC多轴控制卡进行多轴控制,利用二级控制结构实现作业管理,协调各轴运动完成焊接作业.进行了在筒体上外接管和内接管的焊接试验与在椭球体上外接管与内接管的焊接试验.结果表明,机器人的机械本体结构和控制系统能够实现多种接管的焊接需求,能够很好地完成接管相贯线处的焊接,提高了工作效率和焊接质量.     

基于神经网络的焊接故障诊断研究

针对焊接时容易产生气孔这个缺陷,引入了神经网络技术对气孔缺陷进行诊断,结果表明基于神经网络算法的焊接诊断稳定性好,诊断速度快,这说明该诊断技术具有很大的应用价值。     

体育场工程钢结构管桁架现场焊接技术

介绍了山西体育中心主体育场工程现场焊接内容和特点及焊接难点,从焊接材料、焊接设备、工人、操作工艺、焊缝质量检查等方面具体阐述了钢结构管桁架现场焊接技术,并指出了焊接作业安全注意事项,为同类工程施工积累了一定经验。     

提高12Cr2MoWVTiB与12Cr1MoV异种钢焊缝金属冲击韧性的研究

在制造高温、高压锅炉时经常会遇到耐热合金12Cr2MoWVTiB与12Cr1MoV异种钢的焊接,其焊缝金属冲击值不高的问题尤为突出,严重影响了锅炉的安全运行和可靠性,所以如何提高焊缝冲击韧性值的问题显得非常迫切。通过两次选择焊材及试验分析比较后,最终获得了满意的冲击韧性值,为以后焊材选配提供了保障和依据。在Cr-Mo钢焊接时考虑到长时间热处理后会促成铁素体(F)的形成而导致接头韧性下降,所以应谨慎使用含碳量过低的焊材。另外,对于含铬量大于1.25%的低合金钢焊接,最佳预热温度为150℃～200℃,高于250℃时其冲击韧性值会明显下降。     

混流式水轮机转轮简化模型焊接应力场的数值模拟

在确定混流式水轮机转轮简化模型、解决分段焊焊接热源加载问题及解决各独立实体间接触边界节点不重合的热传导问题的基础上,对转轮模型焊接过程的应力场进行了数值模拟.得到了焊接过程中纵向应力的演变规律与焊后应力场的分布情况.结果表明,焊后应力峰值出现在叶片与上冠或叶片与下环接触面附近.该结果可以较好地解释水轮机转轮叶片疲劳裂纹的产生和扩展的失效行为.     

WCDMA无线网络规划探讨

主要介绍了WCDMA无线网络规划的特点、流程和方法,重点分析了用现网话务预测话务分布和网络规划的结果配置基站信道板,实现了科学规划和合理设计,进而提高了网络投资效益.     

Highly-reproducible nonvolatile memristive devices based on polyvinylpyrrolidone: Graphene quantum-dot nanocomposites

The properties of nonvolatile memristive devices (NMD) fabricated utilizing organic/inorganic hybrid nanocomposites were investigated due to their superior advantages such as mechanical flexibility, low cost, low-power consumption, simple technological process in fabrication and high reproducibility. The current-voltage (I-V) curves for the Al/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP): graphene quantum-dot (GQD)/indium-tin-oxide (ITO) memristive devices showed current bistability characteristics at 300 K. The window margins corresponding to the high-conductivity (ON) state and the low-conductivity (OFF) state of the devices increased with increasing concentration of the GQDs. The ON/OFF ratio of the optimized device was 1 × 10⁴, which was the largest memory margin among the devices fabricated in this research. The endurance number of ON/OFF switching was above 1 × 10² cycles, and the retention time was relatively constant, maintaining a value above 10⁴ s. The devices showed high reproducibility with the writing voltage being distributed between −0.5 and −1.5 V and the erasing voltage being distributed between 2 and 3 V. The ON state currents remained between 0.02 and 0.03 A, and the OFF state currents stayed between 10⁻⁶ and 10⁻⁴ A. The carrier transport mechanisms are illustrated by using both the results obtained by fitting the I-V curves and the energy band diagrams of the devices.     

镁合金激光焊的研究现状及发展趋势

镁合金具有质轻、环保等特性,被誉为21世纪绿色工程材料,在汽车、摩托车、航天航空等领域有着广泛的应用前景,但焊接问题已经成为制约其应用的关键。和其他熔焊方法相比,激光焊具有焊缝熔深大、接头性能优良等特点,是镁合金焊接的理想方法之一。目前,两类典型的工业激光器,即CO2和Nd…YAG激光器都已用于镁合金焊接的研究。系统分析了镁合金激光焊的工艺方法、焊接材料、接头性能(主要为力学性能与腐蚀性能)以及冶金缺陷(主要有气孔和裂纹),综述了近年来国内外镁合金激光焊接的研究现状,并对镁合金激光焊研究及应用的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes as interfacial modification layers for organic-Si solar cells

A semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWCNTs) interlayer between poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and n-Si was used for high performance organic-Si hybrid photovoltaic (PV) devices. The s-SWCNTs films with different thickness were utilized to investigate the PV effect on PEDOT:PSS/Si device performance. The surface potential of Si substrate with s-SWCNTs was dramatically reduced, which increased the compatibility between Si and PEDOT:PSS. In addition, s-SWCNTs with good semiconducting properties, guaranteed the charge transfer between Si and PEDOT:PSS. Therein, the electrical contact was dramatically improved with addition of s-SWCNTs interlayer, which led to increased fill factor. A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.14% was achieved with an optimized thickness of s-SWCNTs layer. The s-SWCNTs interface layer was fabricated by a simple solution processed method, which was easily coupled with organic-Si solar cells to enhance the PCE.