资源综合利用现状和展望

简介资源综合利用的内容和现状;分析了“工业废渣”综合利用的国内外发展状况,提出了建立“环保产业”的初步想法。     

I3WSN: Industrial Intelligent Wireless Sensor Networks for indoor environments

Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) technologies have been successfully applied to a great variety of outdoor scenarios but, in practical terms, little effort has been applied for indoor environments, and even less in the field of industrial applications. This article presents an intelligent SWE application for an indoor and industrial scenario, with the aim of improving and increasing the levels of human safety. The base low-level architecture is built on top of wireless sensor networks (WSN) connected to a Sensor Observation Service (SOS). Higher layers in the architecture include services that make real time decisions based on the collected data. Both simulation and experimental results are presented. The paper shows the viability of our approach in terms of performance, scalability, modularity and safety.     

Studies of microhardness and mar resistance using a scanning probe microscope

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is in a period of rapid development. It shows great promise for characterizing coating surfaces. This paper describes modification of an SPM so that it can be used to mar the surfaces of coatings under controlled conditions and to characterize the mars. Mar resistance of coatings is analyzed in terms of a ‘three response, two mechanism model.' The three responses (fracture, elastic, and plastic) can be measured quantitatively using the SPM. Of the three responses, only two (fracture and plastic deformation) are marring mechanisms – elastic deformations recover instantaneously. In some cases mars resulting from plastic deformation may recover slowly with time or with immersion in water; this phenomenon is attributed to viscoelastic creep. Microhardness is also measured with the modified SPM. Some thermoset coatings appear to be substantially harder near their surfaces than in the mass of material, and such materials may respond quite differently to stress applied at different levels near the surface. This finding has important implications for all coating properties that are strongly influenced by the surface. A quantity called ‘micro mar resistance' is defined. It may be useful for comparing different coatings under specified conditions of marring. However, there can be no single quantity that expresses ‘mar resistance' of a coating under all conditions.     

How social distance shapes human–robot interaction

This paper investigates how social distance can serve as a lens through which we can understand human–robot relationships and develop guidelines for robot design. In two studies, we examine the effects of distance based on physical proximity (proxemic distance), organizational status (power distance), and task structure (task distance) on people׳s experiences with and perceptions of a humanlike robot. In Study 1, participants (n=32) played a card-matching game with a humanlike robot. We manipulated the power distance (supervisor vs. subordinate) and proxemic distance (close vs. distant) between participants and the robot. Participants who interacted with the supervisor robot reported a more positive user experience when the robot was close than when the robot was distant, while interactions with the subordinate robot resulted in a more positive experience when the robot was distant than when the robot was close. In Study 2, participants (n=32) played the game in two different task distances (cooperation vs. competition) and proxemic distances (close vs. distant). Participants who cooperated with the robot reported a more positive experience when the robot was distant than when it was close. In contrast, competing with the robot resulted in a more positive experience when it was close than when the robot was distant. The findings from the two studies highlight the importance of consistency between the status and proxemic behaviors of the robot and of task interdependency in fostering cooperation between the robot and its users. This work also demonstrates how social distance may guide efforts toward a better understanding of human–robot interaction and the development of effective design guidelines.     

基于R语言的机器人教育微博可视化研究

本文利用R语言对关注度不高、转发量不太大的机器人教育微博进行了可视化研究。在分析技术实现过程的同时,我们得出结论是:机器人教育的舆情由教育官方媒体和企业培训机构主导;经济力量决定着参与讨论的程度;微博不是学习内容交流的主阵地。     

一种融合多帧ICP和图优化的算法研究

当前基于迭代最近点拼接的同时定位与建图算法,存在误差积累、无法满足大范围定位精度的缺陷。为此,提出一种融合多帧迭代最近点和图优化的算法。在时域上处理点云拼接问题,将单帧迭代最近点算法推广到多帧进行最近点迭代,提取同一地点在不同时刻的数据特征,形成多个封闭循环,再运用基于最小二乘的图优化方法对点云拼接后的全网数据进行全局优化,消除累计误差,提升整体的定位精度。采用鲁巷和密歇根的数据进行测试,结果表明,该方法在一定程度上减少了匹配误差,平均误差为1.0m,最小误差为0.2m,可以满足大范围同步定位与建图的精度需求。     

基于QPSO 算法移动机器人轨迹规划与实验

针对移动机器人路径规划问题,提出一种基于QPSO算法的路径规划方法,并用概率论的方法分析了移动机器人路径规划的收敛性,阐明了该方法随均匀分布和正态分布的参数关系和收敛区间;然后根据移动机器人的运动特征提出一种改进的轨迹规划方法。移动机器人平台的实验结果表明了该方法在移动机器人路径规划中的有效性和可行性。     

上海化学工业区的建设必须依托深水海港的开发

分析上海港目前特定的环境和制约因素，指出上海化学工业区的建设必须依托深水海港的开发，提出舟山群岛中的大衢山是建设深水港岛的理想基地，并作了与上海陆地联系的设想。     

数据采集系统在中间试验工厂的开发与应用

基于中间试验工厂设备多而杂的特点,为了提升中间试验工厂的管理能力和设备利用率,对中间试验工厂的设备功能进行了研究,提出了基于Framework的分布式系统方案。在方案实施中,对与Framework系统不兼容的设备进行了改造升级,成功实现了各种不同接口设备生产数据的采集。并在此基础上开发出了专用的数据采集系统,为中间试验工厂的设备运行、科研调度提供了有力的技术支撑,同时也为其他钢厂设备的引进和数据采集系统的建立提供了可以借鉴的经验。     

我国节能减排的现状、问题与解决路径-一个文献综述

我国的节能减排问题日趋突出。本文从文献梳理角度对我国节能减排的现状、存在的问题以及解决路径进行了述评。研究显示,我国节能减排潜力巨大,节能减排效率低下。直接原因是由于我国产业结构、外贸结构、FDI 结构以及技术结构不合理造成的,但其背后更深层次的原因主要体现在：（1）GDP锦标赛下政治晋升制度的不合理导致了环境的负外部性;（2）激励与约束机制不完善导致政府缺乏节能减排的动力;（3）分税制的不完善导致了我国产业结构的不合理。为此,我们需要从优化产业结构、调整外贸结构、弱化 FDI的“污染避难所”效应以及增强技术进步效应入手,通过改革 GDP 锦标赛下政治晋升制度、完善激励与约束机制、调整财税体制等途径解决我国节能减排问题。