八杆压力机的参数化设计研究

本文以八杆压力机传动机构为研究对象,通过分析八杆机构的几何模型,研究各参数间的数学关系表达式,建立各关键点的坐标表达式即可观察任意时刻各个点及杆件的位置变化,从而实现机构的运动仿真,提高了设计效率。     

Jerk analysis of a six-degrees-of-freedom three-legged parallel manipulator

In this work the jerk analysis of a 3-RRPS parallel manipulator to realize six degrees of freedom is approached by means of the theory of screws. The input/output equations of velocity, acceleration and jerk of the moving platform with respect to the fixed platform are obtained systematically by resorting to reciprocal-screw theory. A numerical example is included in order to show the application of the method of kinematic analysis. Furthermore, the numerical results obtained via screw theory are satisfactorily compared with simulations generated with the aid of commercially available software.     

工业机器人运动学逆向建模

针对工业机器人在缺乏运动学参数的情况下,进行机器人运动学逆向建模的研究,给出了机器人机座坐标系位置及杆件参数的识别方法,建立了机器人的运动学方程。并分析了计算的末端位姿与示教器显示末端位姿存在的偏差,指出从机器人示教器上读出的关节转角数据存在舍入误差,采用遗传算法分别以位置误差和位姿误差为目标函数进行了辨识。辨识结果表明,以位姿误差为目标函数来辨识关节转角误差的辨识结果是准确的。试验结果表明,提出的机器人运动学逆向建模方法是有效的。     

Use of accelerometers as an ergonomic assessment method for arm acceleration a large-scale field trial

Ergonomists need easy-to-use, quantitative job evaluation methods to assess risk factors for upper extremity work-related musculoskeletal disorders in field-based epidemiology studies. One device that may provide an objective measure of exposure to arm acceleration is a wrist-worn accelerometer or activity monitor. A field trial was conducted to evaluate the performance of a single-axis accelerometer using an industrial population (n= 158) known to have diverse upper limb motion characteristics. The second phase of the field trial involved an examination of the relationship between more traditional observation-based ergonomic exposure measures and the monitor output among a group of assembly-line production employees (n= 48) performing work tasks with highly stereotypic upper limb motion patterns. As expected, the linear acceleration data obtained from the activity monitor showed statistically significant differences between three occupational groups known observationally to have different upper limb motion requirements. Among the assembly-line production employees who performed different short-cycle assembly work tasks, statistically significant differences were also observed. Several observation-based ergonomic exposure measures were found to explain differences in the acceleration measure among the production employees who performed different jobs: hand and arm motion speed, use of the hand as a hammer, and, negatively, resisting forearm rotation from the torque of a power tool. The activity monitors were found to be easy to use and non-intrusive, and to be able to distinguish arm acceleration among groups with diverse upper limb motion characteristics as well as between different assembly job tasks where arm monitors were performed repeatedly at a fixed rate.     

基于ANSYS Workbench的RV减速器随机振动分析

以RV减速器为研究对象,建立了RV减速器的三维模型,导入Adams中进行运动学仿真,得到了正齿轮的加速度;利用ANSYS Workbench求解得到RV减速器的固有频率,根据概率统计学分析技术推导功率谱密度函数;最后,将功率谱密度峰值提取后导入ANSYS Workbench的Random vibration模块作随机振动分析。该方法考虑了随机振动因素对机构应力以及安全裕度的影响,为处理RV减速器工作可靠性问题提供了一种新的方法。     

基于图论的三构态助老变胞机构的设计与运动学分析

为了研发一款助老机器人,基于图论理论、机构的数综合,设计了一种可在2自由度、1自由度、0自由度之间切换的三构态助老变胞机构。针对变胞机构的2自由度行走构态,运用闭环矢量法进行了运动学分析,得到该变胞机构在该构态下关键位置的位移、速度、加速度等变化规律。分析结果显示,位移曲线在支撑期过渡到摆动期时位移变化较大,在步态周期的后40%内,速度、加速度均有较大变化,符合人体步态规律,表明该助老变胞机构设计是合理的。     

双转台五轴机床的参数化运动学建模

为支持虚拟数控机床的后处理、加工仿真、参数检测及切削动力学分析,建立其参数化运动学模型。采用修正的Denavit-Hartenberg法,推导出双转台五轴数控机床全参数化正向运动学数学模型;运用逆向运动学算法求解旋转轴及移动轴的关节参数,实现刀具轨迹数据到机床运动坐标的转换,即后置处理;以风机翼型叶片的数控加工为例,验证了该集成模型的正确性和通用性。     

基于灵巧特性的三平动并联机构的尺度综合研究

考虑机构的灵巧性提出一种新型3-PUU并联机器人,对该并联机构进行运动学分析,得到了3-PUU并联机器人的运动学反解,在此基础上,建立了并联机构的雅可比矩阵;引入运动灵巧性指标。对该并联机器人的运动灵巧性进行了尺度综合分析,为并联机构的构型设计和进一步提供了依据。研究结果表明,该种机器人具有较好的实际应用前景。     

轨道式焊接机器人的虚拟样机设计与仿真

针对受损的水轮机叶片等具有空间复杂曲面结构,在其安装位置直接进行修复工作,设计了一种基于移动平台的焊接机器人虚拟样机。为确定焊枪末端与机器人6个关节之间的运动关系,建立虚拟样机DH坐标系,借助Matlab软件得到运动学方程正、逆解。将在Solid Works软件中建立的焊接机器人三维模型,导入ADAMS仿真软件进行运动学分析。仿真结果表明:机器人在狭窄空间启动时,由滑动、转动关节运动引起的焊枪末端空间位移变化小,速度、加速度曲线变化平缓,无任何突变,证明了该虚拟样机设计的有效性,满足基坑内的焊接工作要求。     

3-PUU并联机构工作空间分析与优化

提出了一种新型3-PUU并联机器人,对该机器人进行运动学分析,得到了3-PUU并联机器人的运动学反解,在此基础上,分析了移动副和虎克铰对工作空间的限制。采用三维极限搜索法求解了工作空间,并对该并联机器人的工作空间进行了优化分析。结果表明:优化后的工作空间明显增大,该种机器人具有较好的实际应用前景。