Delta并联机器人的研究进展

Delta并联机器人是一种最经典的空间三自由度并联机构,弥补了串联机器人存在的许多不足,是目前应用最为成功的高速并联机器人之一,吸引了国内外许多学者的关注。根据查阅的大量相关文献,对Delta并联机器人在运动学、动力学、机构性能、控制策略等方面的研究成果进行总结,进而探索Delta并联机器人的研究趋势和尚未解决的难题。     

TriM: An Ultra-Accurate High-Speed Six Degree-of-Freedom Manipulator Using Planar Stepper Motors

In this paper, we propose a novel six degree-of-freedom positioning system. This mechanism is a tripod structure with inextensible limbs actuated at the base by two-dimensional linear stepper motors (other types of actuators may also be utilized). This manipulator has a closed-chain kinematic structure. Both the direct and the inverse kinematics of the manipulator are presented in detail. While the inverse kinematics are obtained in closed form, the direct kinematics can not be solved in closed form and an algorithm is provided for numerically computing the direct kinematic solution. A detailed dynamic model of the positioning system is also provided. The dynamics of the actuators (Sawyer motors) are also included in the dynamic modeling. The design of the tripod manipulator (TriM) included a kinematic optimization of the system parameters to maximize the manipulator workspace. The proposed manipulator achieves large range of motion in all the 6 degrees of freedom. Furthermore, high resolution and high speed motion may be achieved in all axes due to the actuators used and the direct-drive nature of the manipulator. This work was supported in part by NSF under grants ECS-9977693 and ECS-0501539. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 2003 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, Las Vegas, NV, Oct. 2003.     

蝇蛆分离用多维振动筛运动学分析及仿真

针对蝇蛆养殖行业中,蛆料分离技术的落后、机械化程度低、自动化程度低等缺陷,提出了一种蝇蛆分离用1T2R并联式振动筛,能够实现沿z轴的平移、绕x轴的转动和绕y轴的转动,可以高效地实现蛆料的分离。首先对该机构进行运动学建模,并且给出了运动学的正解和反解,将建立的运动学数学模型导入Matlab中,得到理论运动曲线;并且在Pro/E中建立该振动筛的虚拟样机模型,利用Mech/Pro给虚拟样机添加运动副并导入到ADAMS软件中,添加驱动后得到仿真运动曲线。结果显示仿真曲线与理论曲线完全一致,从而验证运动学数学模型的正确性。     

UR10机器人的运动学分析与轨迹规划

为了让机器人在作业过程中运动轨迹具有连续、平滑的特性,对6自由度机械臂进行了运动学分析和轨迹规划。以6自由度的UR10机器人为研究对象,以刚体运动的齐次变换理论为基础,应用改进的D-H法对UR10机器人进行了运动学建模,基于几何与代数法对机器人进行了正、逆运动学分析,得到笛卡尔空间中末端执行器的位姿与关节空间中机器人关节角度之间的映射关系,并通过实例验证了公式推导的准确性。最后,基于MATLAB机器人工具箱,应用梯形的速度混合曲线对UR10机器人进行轨迹规划的仿真实验。试验结果表明:基于梯形的速度混合曲线得到的轨迹规划,实现了机器人的运动轨迹的连续和平滑。     

Real time kinematic solutions of a non-contacting, three dimensional metrology frame

The forward and the inverse kinematics solutions for a three dimensional, non-contacting metrology system are presented. The solutions are a continuation of earlier works involving the derivation of an error budget for the metrology system; however, the earlier work required iterative methods. The kinematic solutions presented in this paper are closed form, providing real-time feedback and making the system practical for metrology applications. The kinematics are developed using a line geometry, resulting in an efficient representation that may describe a general assembly of the kinematic system and error parameters determined through calibration. The inverse kinematics solution is a general solution, assuming very little about the assembly of the system. The forward kinematics solution is less general and requires a few assumptions. In the development of the forward and inverse kinematics solutions, singularities of the system are identified. The resulting analyses provide the kinematics necessary to enable real-time determination of position and orientation of a target in space.     

捡拾机器人机械手运动学分析与仿真

为解决训练场高尔夫球、网球、乒乓球等小球类物体捡拾问题,设计一种五自由度捡拾机器人机械手结构。采用D-H法建立机械手坐标系和参数表,推导出末端坐标系位姿模型,并求解出运动学逆解。运用正运动学分析求解机械手工作空间,证实其空间满足小球类物体目标工作区域。在ADAMS环境中完成虚拟样机的建立,选定目标捡拾点和放置点,根据逆运动学求解结果,对各关节设置相应驱动函数,进行实例仿真验证。结果表明:机械手活动范围在工作空间内,运动规律合理,逆运动学求解正确,能够完成小球类物体捡拾任务。     

基于ADAMS的四轴冲压搬运机器人的运动学分析及仿真

针对现在冲压行业升级改造的实际需求,设计开发一种灵活性高、控制简单的四轴冲压搬运机器人,利用Solidworks建立机器人实体模型;采用D-H法构建了运动学方程,对该机器人进行了运动学正解与反解;通过ADAMS软件对机器人进行了运动学仿真,规划了搬运轨迹;并通过对末端执行器X、Y、Z方向的位移、速度、加速度仿真曲线的分析与评估,验证设计的合理性,并为实现四轴冲压搬运机器人运动控制奠定了基础。     

基于虚拟样机的运动模拟平台参数化建模与优化

利用软件ADAMS建立了装备并联运动模拟平台参数化模型,并通过仿真测试验证了模型的正确性,针对参数化模型,对平台进行了运动学分析与动力学分析。以平台结构主控参数为设计变量,分析了设计变量的灵敏度,在此基础上分别以液压缸受力和液压缸整体性能为目标函数对平台机构进行优化设计,实现了平台结构的优化。     

UPR100弧焊机器人轨迹规划

对UPR100弧焊机器人进行了基于运动学的轨迹规划与仿真。采用D-H法建立了UPR100弧焊机器人运动学方程,运用Matlab编程实现了正、逆运动学求解,并利用正、逆运动学进行了轨迹规划。通过Matlab工具箱Sim Mechinics建立了UPR100弧焊机器人三维模型,并将轨迹规划仿真数据与理论数据进行比较,验证了轨迹规划的合理性与仿真模型的正确性,为UPR100弧焊机器人下一步的动力学研究与轨迹跟踪控制器设计奠定了理论基础。     

基于Fluent的新型布水器的设计与分析

针对传统多孔布水器布水不均匀、布水口易堵塞的现象,提出了双臂单孔的新型布水器的设计.该结构包括中央旋转水管和可调控的布水横管,中央旋转水管带动端部的布水横管实现圆周运动,使圆形水池内污水均匀覆盖.建立了布水器的数学与运动学模型,利用Fluent对不同扩散角的喷嘴内外流场进行数值模拟,优化喷嘴参数,使新型布水器达到预期的布水均匀效果.