纳米WC-Co复合粉的研究

叙述了纳米硬质合金的发展概况及应用。并主要介绍了优质纳米 WC- Co复合粉末所应具备的条件及纳米 WC- Co复合粉末的制备方法和烧结。     

超细硬质合金WC-8Co-0.8(Cr_3C_2/TaC)的组织与性能

以超细WC-8Co硬质合金为研究对象,混合添加晶粒长大抑制剂Cr3C2/TaC。结果表明,合金在添加0.8wt%Cr3C2/TaC时的TRS达到3675MPa,而在添加0.5wt%和1.0wt%Cr3C2/TaC时的TRS降到2120MPa;Cr3C2/TaC在很大程度上影响了合金烧结时的致密化,WC-8Co-0.8wt%(Cr3C2/TaC)压坯在1400℃下完全致密化需要的烧结时间为60分钟;而同类普通WC-8Co-0.8wt%(Cr3C2/TaC)的压坯,由于没有超细粉末的高表面能,烧结60分钟后密度只能达到理论密度的98.8%;TaC和Cr3C2对W在γ相中的固溶度具有相反的作用。     

Friction and the development of hard alloy surface microstructures during wear

Investigations of wear in sliding friction of WC-Hadfield steel hard alloy against cast tool steel have been carried out in a broad range of velocities and pressure values. Structural and phase composition variations have been revealed. Friction-affected zone was found to be 450 μm in depth. Structural γ → α, γ → transformation regions are located within 100 μm of the surface. These transformations contributed to the total solid solution deformation hardening.     

WC-Co硬质合金的相转变

用高温 X射线衍射装置对低碳 WC- 2 0 Co合金混合料进行了从室温到130 0℃连续升温过程的动态相转变研究。结果表明 ,以低碳 WC粉为原料的 WC- Co系合金在真空烧结升温过程中是通过钨和碳原子的扩散作用消耗原料中的游离态钴和WC(90 0℃以下是 W2 C和单质钨 )进行的脱碳型不平衡相转变。除 90 0℃以下由原料中的 W2 C(和单质钨 )及游离态钴生成η1 相外 ,10 0 0℃以上升温过程中生成的高温相η化合物和金属间化合物与原料中固有的 W2 C(和单质钨 )含量无关 ,也与钴的同素异构相变无关。烧结降温期间高温相通过增碳作用平衡转变成游离态钴和 WC,室温合金中的η1 相含量完全取决于原料中 W2 C(和单质钨 )的含量     

On the calculation of deformation curves for two-phase cermets

Analytical algorithms for the construction of tensile and compression stress-strain diagrams of two-phase cermets are proposed, which are based on the concept of mean stresses in the phase volume and physical equations of the theory of small elastoplastic strains. The deformation properties and strength of cermet are supposed to depend on such parameters of its microstructure as mean size and coefficient of variation of solid phase grain-size distribution, contiguity coefficient of solid phase grains, and mean thickness of the metal phase inter-layers. A numerical analysis of the characteristic parameters of deformation curves for WC-Co hard metals has been carried out over a wide range of cobalt concentration and carbide grain size. A good agreement between the theoretical values of ultimate tensile and compression strength and known experimental values has been established. The constructed model deformation curves for hard metals may be regarded as alternatives to the corresponding experimental curves of stress against relative change in specimen length. __________ Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 3, pp. 99–111, May–June, 2006.     

超细晶WC-Co硬质合金的发展及其应用

本文概括地综述了超细晶WC-Co硬质合金在制备工艺和检测技术等方面的发展情况,以汽车工业用刀具加工为实例,介绍了超细晶硬质合金的应用情况,并讨论了其发展前景。     

WC-Co涂层磨削过程中的温度与相变

针对WC-Co涂层在磨削中磨削温度会引起相变,进而导致磨削缺陷的问题,以DMU70V数控铣床为平台进行WC-Co涂层磨削实验,利用K型热电偶和DGF40N光纤式红外测温仪测量磨削温度,借助x-射线衍射仪分析磨削前后WC-Co涂层物相组成.实验结果表明,利用热电偶测得的磨削温度与根据磨削过程中WC-Co涂层物质相变推测得到的磨削温度相差较大,利用WC-Co涂层物质相变推测的磨削最高温度与DGF40N光纤式红外测温仪测得的磨削最高温度一致,说明可以利用WC-Co涂层物质相变来推测磨削最高温度,为一些不能直接测量磨削温度的场合提供了新方法.WC晶粒在WC-Co涂层干磨削时大多异质生核,磨削后产生的WC晶粒粒度大,从而导致WC-Co涂层的强度下降,WC-Co涂层不宜干磨削.     

Cracking induced tribological behavior changes for the HVOF WC-12Co cermet coatings

HVOF sprayed WC based cermet coatings have been widely used in industries as barriers against wear and hydrodynamic cavitation due to their high hardness and relatively high toughness. However, cracking of the coatings can occur during coating production or in service, which can reduce operational performances. It can be difficult to assess the performance impact due to cracks within the coating and as to whether the cracked coatings should be resprayed or removed from service. In this work, artificial cracks of different widths were introduced to liquid fuel HVOF sprayed WC-12Co coating through uniaxial tension of the coated steel substrate to assess the implications of such cracking. Tribological performances of the cracked coatings were examined using rubber wheel dry abrasion, ‘ball on disc’ sliding wear, and ultrasonic cavitation erosion. The results show that the crack deteriorates the abrasive wear resistance of the coating at the initial stage due to preferable mass loss at the cracks. However, after 30?min of abrasion, all the cracked coatings showed the same wear rate as compared to the non-cracked coating, with the abrasive wear resistance acting independent to the crack characteristics. Because the cracks could store wear debris and thus minimize the debris induced abrasion to the coating surface during sliding wear test, both improvement in wear resistance and reduction in coefficient of friction (COF) were detected in the cracked coatings. During the cavitation test, it was found that the mass loss of the specimen increased significantly (up to 75%)with crack width and density suggesting that the crack presence greatly deteriorated the cavitation resistance of the cermet coatings.     

The corrosion behaviour of WC-VC-Co hardmetals in acidic media

The effect of increasing vanadium carbide (VC) content on the corrosion behaviour of tungsten carbide - 10 wt% cobalt hardmetals was investigated in 1 M hydrochloric (HCl), and sulphuric (H₂SO₄) acids solutions. Increasing VC content makes the open circuit potential (OCP) in the test solutions more negative than the base alloy. Specimens exhibited pseudo passivation in all the test solutions. Increasing VC led to decreasing corrosion current density. However, the corrosion current densities during chronoamperometric tests were lower for 0 wt% VC. XRD and Raman spectroscopy showed that hydrated WO₃ formed in the surface films of all specimens in hydrochloric acid (HCl), while hydrated vanadyl sulphate also formed for higher VC content specimens in sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄).