Nd含量对AM60镁合金显微组织及力学性能的影响

通过金相分析和电子拉伸等手段研究了稀土Nd的添加对AM60镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:稀土Nd的加入能显著提高合金的抗拉强度和延伸率。AM60合金中加入Nd后,与Al形成针状的稀土化合物Al11Nd3,使合金中的γ相Mg17Al12数量减少,合金组织得到细化。试验条件下,AM60-1.5%Nd合金具有最好的显微组织和力学性能,但Nd加入量过高,反而使合金的性能降低。     

TC10钛合金相变点的测定

分别用计算法、热膨胀法和连续升温金相法测定了TC10钛合金的β相转变温度.结果表明,计算法得到该合金相变点温度为936℃,热膨胀法测得该合金相变点温度为939.6℃,连续升温金相法测得该合金相变点温度为937.5℃.3种方法测得的结果相当接近,说明这3种方法可以相互结合使用.     

钎焊温度对SiC/YG8接头微观组织的影响

在保温时间为5min、钎焊温度为940~990℃条件下,采用CuMnNi钎料钎焊SiC陶瓷与YG8硬质合金.利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱仪对接头的微观组织进行分析,研究钎焊温度对接头微观组织的影响.结果表明:在靠近SiC一侧生成一层带状反应层,主要由Cu基固溶体、硅化物、碳和碳化物组成;焊缝主要由基底Cu基固溶体以及Mn、Si、Co、Cu、Ni元素形成的化合物组成.随着钎焊温度的增加,焊缝的宽度减少,焊缝中心的Cu基固溶体基底减少,而化合物相增多.     

铝合金罐式运输半挂车技术浅析

轻质材料日益得到广泛应用,本文通过工厂对铝合金材料焊接工艺加以总结,对以铝合金为材质的罐式半挂车结构进行归纳和分析,对铝合金罐车在安全、节能、环保等方面的特点进行评价。     

AZ91D镁合金表面环保型钙系磷化膜的制备及其耐蚀性

采用化学转化处理的方法,在AZ91D镁合金的表面制备了均匀致密的钙系磷化膜,其中磷化液配方中不含铬、氟及亚硝酸盐等对环境有害的离子。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪研究了磷化时间及温度对磷化膜结构和相组成的影响。结果表明:磷化时间为20min,磷化温度为40℃时,所得到的磷化膜的致密性和均匀性较好。与空白基体相比,经磷化处理后的镁合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能明显提高。     

硬质阳极氧化制备多孔疏水膜

采用硬质阳极氧化技术在铝合金表面制备了微米多孔多级复合结构氧化膜层,研究了多孔结构膜层疏水特性。通过电子显微镜和接触角测量仪分析发现,不同孔结构参数具有不同接触角疏水特性。当获得致密、更小尺度的多级微孔结构时,可以增加表面空气在三相界面中所占的比重,在不进行低能材料修饰情况下,使其表面静态水接触角增加,最大可达到130 o,该结果可以为阳极氧化工业应用提供一定实验参考。     

聚乙烯薄膜的氟化研究

为了改善聚乙烯薄膜材料表面的反应性能,对聚乙烯薄膜进行了氟化改性研究。在恒定的温度下,通过改变氟化反应的压强参数值,制备了氟化薄膜改性样品,并采用红外光谱和扫描电镜等对样品进行分析,以探究聚乙烯薄膜氟化的较佳条件。研究结果表明,在氟化温度为60℃,且以氮气为保护气的条件下,进行130,220 mPa压力下的递进氟化,能较好地实现聚乙烯薄膜表面的羧化和氟化改性,提高聚乙烯薄膜表面的反应能力。     

Cu-Al-Mn-Zn-Zr记忆合金的显微组织与力学行为

利用金相显微镜、透射电镜、扫描电镜观察和力学性能测试等手段研究了Cu—18．4A1—8．7Mn—3．4Zn—0．1Zr(摩尔分数，％)记亿合金(多晶)在不同温度与组织下变形时的力学行为。实验合金在不同温度下变形时延伸率不同，变形温度(Td)在Ms与Af之间时的延伸率小于变形温度(Td)高于Af时的延伸率。对实验合金施加应力时，最初的变形主要来自应力诱发马氏体，继而发生马氏体变体择优合并，二者对合金的变形都有贡献；变形量更大时，变体界面共格性被破坏，部分马氏体丧失热弹性。少量α相的析出不影响记忆效应，可使延伸率得以提高。     

Pervaporation via silicon-based membranes: Correlation and prediction of performance in pervaporation and gas permeation

Pervaporation (PV) is a membrane technology that holds great promise for industrial applications. To better understand the PV mechanism, PV dehydrations of various types of organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, tert-butanol, and acetone) were performed on five types of organosilica and two types of silicon carbide-based membranes, all with different pore sizes. Water permeance was dependent on the types of organic aqueous solutions, which suggested that organic solvents penetrated the pores and hindered the permeation of water. In addition, water permeance of various types of membranes in PV was well correlated with hydrogen permeance in single-gas permeation. Furthermore, a clear correlation was obtained between the permeance ratio in PV and that in single-gas permeation, which was confirmed via the modified-gas translation model. These correlations make it possible to use single-gas permeation properties to predict PV performance.     

Numerical simulation of atomic layer deposition for thin deposit formation in a mesoporous substrate

ZnO deposition in porous γ-Al₂O₃ via atomic layer deposition (ALD) is the critical first step for the fabrication of zeolitic imidazolate framework membranes using the ligand-induced perm-selectivation process (Science, 361 (2018), 1008–1011). A detailed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the ALD reactor is developed using a finite-volume-based code and validated. It accounts for the transport processes within the feeding system and reaction chamber. The simulated precursor spatiotemporal profiles assuming no ALD reaction were used as boundary conditions in modeling diethylzinc reaction/diffusion in porous γ-Al₂O₃, the predictions of which agreed with experimental electron microscopy measurements. Further simulations confirmed that the present deposition flux is much less than the upper limit of flux, below which the decoupling of reactor/substrate is an accurate assumption. The modeling approach demonstrated here allows for the design of ALD processes for thin-film membrane formation including the synthesis of metal–organic framework membranes.