脉冲镀Ni-Co合金镀层内应力及钴含量的研究

研究了脉冲镀Ni-Co合金的工艺,讨论了脉冲电镀中占空比及频率对镀层内应力及钴含量的影响.实验结果表明:镀层内应力随占空比的增加而降低,随脉冲峰值电流密度增加而升高,随温度的升高而降低.镀层中Co的质量分数则随温度的升高而升高.     

形貌控制法合成一种新型的纤维状镍钴合金粉末前驱体(英文)

通过选择性控制合成条件,制备一种新型的纤维状镍钴合金粉末前驱体。该前驱体中镍、钴摩尔配比精确。采用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)和能谱(EDS)研究前驱体粉末的成分与形貌;考察溶液pH值、反应温度、金属离子浓度和表面活性剂对前驱体粉末的形貌和分散性的影响。结果表明:前驱体的形貌取决于前驱体中氨的含量,这种纤维状前驱体为一种复杂的含氨草酸镍钴复盐。形貌控制合成纤维状镍钴合金粉末前驱体的最佳条件为:氨作为配位剂和pH值调节剂,草酸为沉淀剂,反应温度为50～65°C,镍、钴离子总浓度为0.5～0.8mol/L,PVP为分散剂,溶液pH值控制在8.0～8.4.     

光亮剂对镍钴合金电铸层的影响

普通镍钴合金电铸层硬度低、应力大、表面粗糙,严重影响了其成品率及质量.研究了添加光亮剂(糖精和1,4-丁炔二醇)对镍钴合金电铸层微观结构、应力以及硬度的影响.结果表明:随着糖精含量的增加,铸层的拉应力逐渐减小,最终转变为压应力,硬度随之增大;随着1,4-丁炔二醇含量的增加,铸层的拉应力越来越大,硬度也随之增大;添加剂使铸层晶粒更加细致、表面更加平滑.基础电铸液中加入0.06～0.08g/L糖精,0.10-0.20 g/L 1,4-丁炔二醇,在pH值4～5,温度50～60℃,电镀90 min下可以获得低应力、高硬度、全光亮及结晶细致的镍钴合金电铸层(含10%～15%钴).     

准-维镍钴合金材料的制备研究及应用现状

综述了准-维镍钴合金材料(纳米棒、纳米线、纳米管、纳米纤维)的各种制备方法和应用现状,介绍了模板法、液相还原法、电沉积法、微乳液法、溶胶-凝胶-热分解还原法、磁场引导羰基热分解法、共沉淀-热分解法,比较了各种制备方法的优缺点,最后展望了其制备和应用的发展趋势.     

Microstructure and characterization of Ni-Co/Al2O3 composite coatings by pulse reversal electrodeposit

Ni-Co/Al₂O₃ composite coatings were obtained by pulse reversal electrodeposit (PRC) and direct current electrodeposit (DC). The microstructure of the coatings was characterized by means of SEM, XRD and TEM. Hardness, wear resistance and macro residual stress of coatings were also investigated. The results showed that the microstructure and performance of the coatings were significantly affected by the electrodeposit methods and the Al₂O₃ particles content. The PRC composite coatings exhibited compact surface, high hardness and excellent wear resistance. The macro residual stress of PRC composite coatings was lower than that of DC ones. With the increasing of Al₂O₃ particles content, the hardness and wear resistance of the composite coatings increased.     

膨胀石墨基纳米镍、铁、钴化学镀制备复合吸波材料

为了获得薄、轻、宽、强等性能理想的吸波材料,采用化学镀的方法在膨胀石墨表面镀覆纳米镍、镍钴、镍铁钴,制备了复合吸波材料.SEM和EDs分析证实,膨胀石墨表面镍层、镍钴层、镍铁钴层的镀覆厚度约为70～150 nm.采用HP8722ES矢量网络分析仪测量了复合吸波材料在2～18 GHz内的复介电常数(ε=ε'-jε")和复磁导率(μ=μ'-jμ").用吸收屏理论公式计算了反射率损耗(R.L)、匹配频段(fm)及匹配厚度(dm).结果表明,当dm=0.3 mm时,镀覆镍铁钴层的复合吸波材料最低的反射损耗达-28 dB,对应的fm=13.5 GHz,R>L<-10 dB时频宽达7.5 GHz.本法制备的复合吸波材料符合"轻、薄、宽、强"的现代要求.     

脉冲电沉积纳米SiC/Ni-Co复合镀层腐蚀特性

采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)研究了脉冲电沉积法制备的纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层及其纳米 SiC/Ni-Co复合镀层的组织结构、表面形貌和成分。用浸泡法和电化学极化法对比测试了纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层和纳米 SiC/Ni-Co复合镀层在3.5 wt% NaCl和5 wt% HCl溶液中的腐蚀行为。研究结果表明：通过脉冲电沉积法制备的Ni-Co合金镀层和纳米SiC/Ni-Co复合镀层具有典型的纳米晶结构;随着纳米SiC颗粒的增加,复合镀层的晶粒尺寸减小,硬度增加。所制备的纳米SiC/Ni-Co复合镀层颗粒分散均匀,其在3.5 wt% NaCl和5 wt% HCl溶液中的耐蚀性均优于纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层。纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层和纳米SiC/Ni-Co复合镀层在3.5 wt% NaCl溶液中的腐蚀速率极低,表现出极好的耐腐蚀性能,而在5 wt% HCl溶液中的腐蚀形态则表现为点蚀。     

高频脉冲电镀镍钴合金工艺及性能的研究

采用高频脉冲电流，制备Ni-Co复合镀层。通过正交试验设计的方法，重点考察了脉冲频率、占空比、平均电流密度、镀液pH值、温度及CoSO4·7H2O的浓度对镀层在15％H2SO4溶液中的阳极极化行为的影响，从而遴选出最佳电镀工艺：脉冲频率140kHz，占空比0．25，平均电流密度3A／dm，镀液pH值3，温度45℃，硫酸钴浓度20g／L。同时，对高频脉冲电镀与直流电镀进行比较。     

Synthesis and characterization of Zr-promoted Ni-Co bimetallic catalyst supported OMC and investigation of its catalytic performance in steam reforming of ethanol

This article presents simple method for the OMC-6%Ni-6%Co (ordered mesoporous carbon containing Ni and Co metallic nanoparticles) catalyst synthesis with high surface area and more proper bimetallic nanoparticle dispersion; prepared successfully by soft template hydrothermal method and different zirconium loadings (0.5, 1, 2 wt %) accomplished by impregnation method, which was known as a desired method for the metal dispersion. The catalysts with/without promoter, were characterized by XRD, FTIR and N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherms, FESEM, EDS, EDS mapping, HRTEM and TPR techniques and investigated in steam reforming of ethanol (SRE) at 250–400 °C. XRD and BET results indicated that zirconium addition more than 0.5% wt, decreased the average mesopore diameter of catalysts, total pore volume and particles size. Also, it was stated that Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ were caught by the RF/F127 network and further reduced into metallic Ni and Co nanoparticles during the carbonization. The Ni and Co nanoparticles were well-dispersed in the OMC walls. FTIR spectroscopy revealed that F127 left the structure and formed the porous structure. TPR analysis of OMC-6%Ni-6%Co/2%Zr sample, indicated that the sample is reduced easily at low temperatures. FESEM and HRTEM images showed that carbon was precipitated in the CNT form on spent catalyst samples surfaces and confirmed the position of Ni and Co bimetallic nanoparticles on the CNTs tip in the OMC-6%Ni-6%Co/2%Zr sample. 2% Zr-promoted bimetallic catalyst revealed appropriate catalytic performance for SRE, such as high activity, hydrogen yield and proper stability due to the synergistic catalysis of cobalt and nickel. Also, effective factors, such as H₂O/EtOH molar ratio and gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) were investigated on the OMC-6%Ni-6%Co/2%Zr catalyst sample.     

Cu promoted Ni-Co/hydrotalcite catalyst for improved hydrogen production in comparison with several modified Ni-based catalysts via steam reforming of ethanol

Enhanced hydrogen production via catalytic steam reforming of ethanol has a huge potential. In the present investigation, several combinations of mixed metal oxide supported catalysts were evaluated for efficient and economical hydrogen generation from ethanol. The comparison was carried out in terms of ethanol conversion, hydrogen yield and cyclic stability over various catalyst-support systems. Several nickel based supported catalysts namely, Ni/MgO, Ni/Al₂O₃, Ni/CeO₂ and Ni/ZrO₂ were studied in this work among which Ni/MgO and Ni/Al₂O₃ showed satisfactory activity and stability for hydrogen production. Thereafter Ni/hydrotalcite (HTc)-type material was employed to combine features of the above catalysts which showed more than 90% ethanol conversion and yielded 82 mol% of hydrogen at optimized conditions. Finally, a novel combination of Cu promoted Ni-Co/HTc was synthesized and tested for improved hydrogen production. It showed almost complete conversion of ethanol (98.3%) with hydrogen yield of 83% at much lower temperature (673 K). The process conditions were optimized by studying effects of temperature, S/C ratio and GHSV on hydrogen production. Cu-Ni-Co/HTc also remained stable for up to 4 cycles justifying its multi-cycle activity, selectivity and durability. Such novel combination of catalyst-support system assists in improved hydrogen production in a sustainable manner.