High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior and Mechanism of a New Type of Wrought Ni–Fe–Cr–Al Superalloy up to 1300°C

The oxidation behavior of a new type of wrought Ni–Fe–Cr–Alsuperalloy has been investigated systematically in the temperature range of1100 to 1300°C. Results are compared with those of alloy 214, Inconel600, and GH 3030. It is shown that the oxidation resistance of the newsuperalloy is excellent and much better than that of the comparisonalloys. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis(EPMA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments reveal that the excellentoxidation resistance of the new superalloy is due to the formation of adense, stable and continuous Al₂O₃ and Cr₂O₃ oxide layer at hightemperatures. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) shows that the formationof Cr₂O₃ and Al₂O₃ oxide layers on the new superalloy reaches a maximum at1060 and 1356°C, respectively. The Cr2O3 layer peels off easily, and thesingle dense Al₂O₃ layer remains, giving good oxidation resistance attemperatures higher than 1150°C. In addition, the new superalloypossesses high mechanical strength at high temperatures. On-site testsshowed that the new superalloy has ideal oxidation resistance and can beused at high temperatures up to 1300°C in various oxidizing andcorrosion atmospheres, such as those containing SO₂, CO₂ etc., for longperiods.     

单晶Ni基合金高温蠕变期间γ'定向粗化驱动力的有限元分析

为研究γ＇相定向粗化现象,采用有限元方法（ＦＥＭ）计算了单晶 Ｎｉ基γ和γ＇双相合金有／无外加载荷时的热错配应力及应变能密度．结果表明：外加载荷改变了γ和γ＇相内的ｖｏｎ Ｍｉｓｅｓ应力及应变能密度分布,与弹性应变相联系的共格应变能变化是γ＇相定向粗化的驱动力．外加拉伸或压缩应力,引起立方γ＇相不同界面晶格发生挤压或扩张应变,晶格的挤压应变可排斥γ＇相中原子半径较大的ＡＩ,Ｔａ等溶质元素;扩张的晶格可诱捕这些元素,以促进γ＇相的定向生长,因此,沿（１００）方向扩张晶格的法线方向是γ＇相形筏的生长方向．随γ＇相弹性扩张晶格应变及γ相粘滞塑性流变的增加,元素扩散及γ＇相形筏速率提高。     

EFFECT OF CARBON AND BORON ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF A SINGLE CRYSTAL SUPERALLOY RR 2072

Carbon and boron have been considered to strengthen grain boundaries that might form during single crystal casting. In this study the effect of boron on solidification behavior and creep properties of the carbon doped single crystal RR 2072 has been investigated. In order to understand solidification behavior with boron addition, the solid/liquid interface morphology and solidification microstructare were examined with solidification rate. The relationship between microstructaral evolution and creep properties of the carbon and boron modified single crystal has been also investigated.     

PHASE TRANSFORMATION AND CHARACTERISTICS IN FRECKLE AREAS FOR INCONEL 625 SUPERALLOY

The freckle formation and their phase characterizatics in freckle areas were investigated by means of microstructure analysis approaches and a thermodynamic equilibrium phase calculation method in an lnconel 625 alloy. These results show that in freckle areas a large number of M6C, MC, Laves and 8 phases precipitate in grain boundaries even within grain due to the enrichment and segregation of Mo and Nb during solidification, which results in almost of these freckle areas covered by these complex precipitated phases and induces small grains in freckle areas. Equilibrium phase and liquid segregation calculation can give a reasonable interpretation of the freckle feature for this alloy.     

RESEARCH ON REFRACTORY SUPERALLOYS IN THE HTM 21 PROJECT

It was proposed that a new class of alloys based on platinum group metals (PGMs) were calle drefractory superalloys. These refractory superalloys have an fcc and L12 coherent two-phase structure (similar to that of Ni-based superalloys), high melting temperatures and good potential as structural materials used at temperatures up to 1800℃. Our recent results on the microstructure evolution, deformation and fracture behavior of some of these refracotry superaUoys, especial lr- and Rh-base refractory superalloys were reported.     

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEW SUPERALLOY REMELTING PROCES

Shanghai No.5 Steel Co., Ltd. has recently introduced a set of 5-ton protective atmosphere electroslag remelting furnace and a set of lO-ton helium-cooling vacuum arc remelting furnace,both of them are the first one of its kind in China. With these equipment, remelting processes about alloy GH4169, GH2132 and GH738 were researched, the process of producing alloy GH4169 by VIM VAR ESR triplex-process was developed, and their effects were discussed.     

NICKEL-BASED ALLOYS IN GE AIRCRAFT TURBINES：PAST,PRESENT ＆ FUTURE

1. Introduction Freedom to travel anywhere in the world, both quickly and inexpensively, defines our modern era. Despite year-to-year variation, the long term demand for travel by airplane continues to grow. Three ma- jor systems comprise the modern airplane: the aircraft structure that encompasses the fuselage, wings, and landing gear; the avionics that enable flight through crowded skies in nearly all weather conditions; and the propulsion system that powers the aircraft. Improvements in mat…     

对一种组合式钎料的试验分析

针对一种以固定牌号使用的俄罗斯组合式钎料ВПР11-40H进行了试验分析，结果表明，该钎料表现出不同于一般钎料的熔化特性，对不锈钢及高温合金薄壁件具有较弱的溶蚀作用，适用于不等间隙、较大间隙钎缝以及薄壁零件的钎焊，对采用该钎料钎焊GH3044和GH3039接头的性能测试结果表明，接头具有满意的室温和高温性能。     

Crack initiation and propagation induced by inclusions in a nickel-base P/M superalloy under fatigue load

1 IntroductionRecently the key components in advanced aircraftengines are widely made of nickel-base P/M super-alloy. However, non-metallic inclusions are intro-duced into this material during powder metallurgyprocessing. In industry, although many method…     

激光退火对Inconel 718微观组织和硬度的影响

研究激光退火对Inconel718时效合金的显微组织和硬度的影响.一台2.5kW的CO2激光机被用来照射试样的表面.在激光能作用下,试样表面层被加热后空冷.通过控制激光工艺参数,在表面不发生熔化的前提下,能够使一定厚度表面层内的硬度降低到标准退火合金的水平,而不影响试样内部母材的硬度.显微组织观察显示表面层的基体强化相(γ″和γ‘)在激光照射过程中被固溶,而其它二次相没有变化.γ″和γ‘的固溶被确定是表面层硬度下降的原因.在其它试验条件不变时,确立了退火层生成时由激光散焦距离和扫描速度描述的工艺参数范围.