高温合金IN690管材挤压损伤模拟

采用有限元软件对高温合金IN690管材挤压损伤进行预测,研究挤压速度对损伤的影响规律,得到不同的挤压条件下的挤压阈值。不同挤压速度下损伤的变化随着挤压速度变化呈现先增大后减小的趋势。模拟摩擦系数为0.01、0.05、0.1、0.2条件下的损伤,在摩擦系数为0.01时,坯料表面比较光滑,损伤比较轻;摩擦系数为0.2时,表面凹凸不平,损伤严重。     

K4104合金渗Al涂层抗高温氧化性能研究

采用料浆法在K4104合金表面进行热扩散渗铝,经1000℃×200h高温氧化性试验,用扫描电镜观察氧化后涂层的表面形貌。结果表明,渗Al涂层在氧化过程中已转变成连续致密的-αAl2O3氧化层和富铝的-βNiAl化合物层,使基体合金得到有效地保护,渗Al涂层具有良好的抗高温氧化性能。     

The Main Degradation Modes of an Aluminide Coating on a Co-Base Superalloy During High-Temperature Oxidation in Air

Degradation of aluminide coatings occurs by two ways, one by coating oxidation, and the other by interdiffusion of Al. In this paper, the structure variation and phase transformation are analyzed for the aluminide coating on a newly developed Co-base superalloy (DZ40M alloy) after oxidation at 900 and 1000°C in air. The results show that degradation of this coating was mainly by oxidation at 900°C, but principally by interdiffusion at 1000°C. The main degradation mode of the coating is primarily dependent on the oxidation temperature and the specific structure of the coating itself.     

Creep behavior and microstructure evolution of directionally solidified superalloy IC 10 at high temperature

The creep behavior of directionally solidified （DS） superalloy IC 10 was investigated under 192 MPa and 218 MPa at 980 ℃. Under the testing conditions, the marked creep characteristic of the superalloy is that the creep curve has a short primary and secondary stage and a long tertiary stage. Another creep characteristic is that the superalloy has excellent plasticity at high temperature. To study the creep behavior, the microstructure was observed by SEM and TEM. Different from other microstructure of Ni-base superalloys, superalloy IC10 forms incompletely rafted γ＇ phase during the creep processes. To understand the creep deformation mechanism of superalloy IC10, the movement of dislocations was analyzed. The results show that the dislocations moving in the γ matrix and climbing over the γ＇ precipitates is the main deformation mechanism under the experimental conditions.     

钴基高温合金的循环氧化行为研究

研究了钴基高温合金K40S在950℃和1000℃的循环氧化行为。发现合金在950℃400h以内的抗循环氧化性能较好，合金在1000℃氧化50h以后因为表面氧化膜剥落开始出现失重现象。在1000℃循环氧化初期的产物主要为Cr2O3，其次为CoCr2O4和少量的CoO,400h以后，Cr2O3基本剥落，合金表面由于Cr的损耗又生成Cr2WO6、NiCr2O4以及挥发性的WO3氧化产物。添加Si和Mn元素使K40S合金抗循环氧化性能明显地比不含Si和Mn元素的DZ40M钴基高温合金优越。     

镍基单晶合金枝晶典型区域相成分最优化测算法

建立了用于测算镍基单晶高温合金枝晶典型区域相成分的最优化数学模型.根据电子探针对枝晶典型区域成分的测定结果,运用BFGS拟Newton法及CONSTR约束优化算法,可以计算枝晶各典型区域中γ和γ＇相成分.以镍基单晶合金CMSX-2和CMSX-4为对象,对优化测算结果进行了分析,证实了该方法的可行性.     

镍基粉末冶金FGH95高温合金的拉伸及低周疲劳性能研究

在420～650℃的温度范围内,研究了PM FGH95高温合金在应变率0.0001～0.01 s-1范围内的拉伸性能及在不同应力比R=-1及R=0下的低周疲劳性能.拉伸试验结果表明:在此温度范围内,应变率对弹性模量、拉伸屈服强度及塑性模量的影响可以忽略不计;并且应变率自0.0001 s-1增大至0.01 s-1时,弹性模量、拉伸屈服强度及塑性模量受温度的影响也不明显.PM FGH95合金受材料微结构的影响很大,材料含有的微缺陷对其力学性能有非常不利的影响.LCF试验结果表明:PM FGH95合金是循环硬化材料.当应力比R=-1时,温度对LCF寿命的影响很小;但在应力比R=0时,LCF寿命受温度的影响很大,且随着温度的增加材料的低周疲劳寿命减小.SEM断口扫描发现,断裂表面有很多的解理面,但没有疲劳条带,且此断裂模式下没有明显的塑性变形,所以FGH95合金的低周疲劳寿命几乎是由裂纹萌生阶段决定的.     

TEM STUDY OF PRECIPITATED PHASES IN P／M INCONEL 718 ALLOY UNDER LONG TIME EXPOSURE

用透射电子显微镜研究了改型与常规粉末７１８合金长期时效过程中γ″，γ′，δ相的析出、粗化行为．结果表明：改型合金与常规合金中γ″，γ′的析出行为不同，前者γ″和γ′主要以包覆及复合组织析出，后者γ″和γ′则多以单独、分离形式析出．在６５０℃等温１００００ｈ时效过程中，改型合金的γ″粗化速率低于常规合金，表现出良好的稳定性．经过７５０℃，１０００ｈ时效，两种合金均发生δ相的大量析出，但δ相在两个合金中析出的形貌、数量不同．     

镍基合金中γ′相界面的强化设计

采用第一原理分子轨道离散变分Xα法，研究在镍基合金中加Ir合金化的作用，以及在镍基合金中存在B，C，N，H，O，P或S时对γ相和γ′相界面结合强度的影响。证明Ir合金化后，使γ相和γ′相的晶格错配度向负值变化，提高键重叠集居数和总键序。在镍基合金中存在的S，P，H，O，N，B或C，对γ－Ni/γ′-Ni3Al相界面结合力有明显影响，其中C，B和N显著增强两相的界面，相反S和P则减弱相界的结合。     

High Temperature Creep Deformation Mechanisms of a Hot Corrosion-Resistant Nickel-based Superalloy

Creep properties of the experimental superalloy were investigated in the temperature range 1073–1223 K and stress range 110–550 MPa. The observations of dislocation structures during different creep conditions reveal that in the high stress region, particle-shearing mechanisms including stacking fault formation and antiphase boundary creation are operative and in the low stress region, the dislocation climb mechanism is dominant. From the plot of minimum creep rate versus applied stress, a very low stress region with exponent n < 2, which is related to diffusional creep, is found. Based on the experimental results, a stress–temperature creep deformation mechanism map for the alloy is constructed. On the basis of particle hardening theories and various dislocation-creep theories, the dislocation-creep transitions in terms of internal stress are discussed and calculated threshold stresses of various creep deformation mechanisms indicates that the particle shearing is easier to operate than Orowan looping at high stresses, and general climb is easy to happen at low stresses.