A reduced chemical kinetic model for HCCI combustion of primary reference fuels in a rapid compression machine

A model for the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) of Primary Reference Fuels (PRFs) in a Rapid Compression Machine (RCM) has been developed. A reduced chemical kinetic model that included 32 species and 55 reactions was used and the affect of wall heat transfer on the temperature of the adiabatic core gas was taken into account by adding the displacement volume of the laminar boundary layer to the cylinder volume. A simple interaction between n-heptane and iso-octane was also included. The results showed the well-known two-stage ignition characteristics of heavy hydrocarbons, which involve low and high temperature cycles followed by a branched chain explosion. The first stage energy release decreases and the ignition delay increases nonlinearly with increasing octane number and decreasing the initial pressure. The energy release rate and total energy released were determined primarily by the rate of CO oxidation during the explosive phase following the ignition delay. The model reproduced the pressure curves obtained in the RCM experiments over a wide range of conditions remarkably well and was very sensitive to the fuel structure, the mixture composition and the initial temperature and pressure. Thus, the model can be easily adapted for predicting “knock” in spark-ignition engines and ignition-delays and burning rates in HCCI engines.     

Dynamic Wettability of Different Machined Wood Surfaces

Wetting dynamics on machined wood surfaces is of great interest for the adhesive bonding technology of wood. In this work, the change of apparent contact angles with time of phenolresorcinol-formaldehyde (PRF), polyvinyl-acetate (PVAc), and a series of probe liquids on sawed, planed, sanded, and razor-blade-cut wood surfaces of Southern pine was studied by the sessile drop method using a CCD camera technique. The results indicate that the fastest wetting of the probe liquids occurs on the sanded surfaces because of higher surface roughness and the resulting increase in capillary forces as compared with the sawed, planed and razor blade cut surfaces. The fastest wetting of the PRF and PVAc resins occurred on the comparably smooth planed and razor-blade-cut wood surfaces. A smoother wood surface seems to provide better wetting and penetration properties for high-viscosity liquids such as adhesives, which probably can be attributed to less entrapment of air between the resin and the wood structure.     

基于检索结果排序的伪相关反馈

针对传统伪相关反馈（PRF）算法扩展源质量不高使得检索效果不佳的问题,提出一种基于检索结果的排序模型（REM）。首先,该模型从初检结果中选择排名靠前的文档作为伪相关文档集;然后,以用户查询意图与伪相关文档集中各文档的相关度最大化、并且各文档之间相似性最小化作为排序原则,将伪相关文档集中各文档进行重排序;最后,将排序后排名靠前的文档作为扩展源进行二次反馈。实验结果表明,与两种传统伪反馈方法相比,该排序模型能获得与用户查询意图相关的反馈文档,可有效地提高检索效果。     

超宽带时域近距离高分辨ISAR成像

近距离目标超高分辨率微波成像技术在安全检测、非破坏性控制、生物医学等领域中有着非常重要的应用价值和广阔的应用前景。该文利用基于窄脉冲形式的超宽带时域雷达系统研究近距离目标的高分辨率ISAR成像,给出了仿真和实测结果。利用转台旋转目标,基于超宽带脉冲源和超宽带收发天线以及高性能取样示波器,配以同步触发脉冲和自行研发的数据采集软件,搭建了该时域雷达实验系统,提出了准确获取目标回波信息的实验条件,和实现回波延时精确校正的误差补偿方法。并针对采样时间窗内的杂波干扰,讨论了时域后向投影算法(Back Projection,BP)与背景对消技术相结合的成像算法,实现了分辨率为8 mm的近距离目标的成像,准确地反映了目标的位置、形状和大小等信息。     

一种用于机载火控雷达的包络分析测角方法

边扫描边跟踪是机扫机载PD火控雷达用于多目标跟踪和多目标攻击的主要工作方式。由于天线处于扫描状态,难以使用单脉冲法测量目标的方位角,目前采用的测角方法具有较大的测量误差。文中提出了一种基于目标幅度包络分析的测角方法,能提高目标方位角测量精度。试验验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

双站SAR的方位向分辨力、脉冲重复频率和测绘带宽

该文对双站合成孔径雷达(双站SAR)的方位向分辨力,脉冲重复频率以及测绘带宽进行了详细的研究,得到了严格的数学解,并给出了计算机仿真结果。     

基于最大边缘相关的伪相关反馈方法

反馈文档的质量是制约伪相关反馈方法性能的主要因素.为了提高反馈文档的鲁棒性,提出一种基于最大边缘相关的伪相关反馈方法RMMR(Reorder Maximal Marginal Relevance).该方法通过对查询初检结果进行重调序,使得排序后的前k个文档中,文档间的相似度最小且与查询相关的数目最大.最后,利用查询纯度将影响性能的候选扩展词剔除后进行二次查询.实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地提高反馈文档的鲁棒性.     

基于FMCW合成孔径雷达抗欺骗干扰方法研究

研究雷达信号调频优化问题,由于合成孔径雷达干扰的欺骗性和复杂性,调制带宽会影响抗干扰性能.为解决上述问题,提出一种调频连续波体制的随机初相与限幅过程相结合的成像雷达抗干扰方法.通过在发射信号中加入随机变化的初始相位、发射诱骗信号截获干扰脉冲并对其进行方位压缩、限幅,然后在方位向上进行逆傅里叶变换和逆滤波并用真实滤波函数进行匹配滤波,最后按照传统调频连续波合成孔径雷达成像方法进行成像.同时通过提高脉冲重复频率增加方位向脉冲积累个数,使成像信干比得到提高,进而使接收端抗干扰性能得到增强.仿真结果证明,与直接进行真实信号匹配滤波相比,加入限幅过程和提高脉冲重复频率使干信比提高了30dB.     

掺氢对高辛烷值燃料燃烧过程的影响

通过耦合纯H2和高辛烷值标准基础燃料(primary reference fuel,PRF)燃烧机理,在CHEMKIN的Premix子程序上建立并验证了PRF-H2混合燃料预混层流火焰燃烧模型,并在该模型上就理论当量比条件下,掺氢对高辛烷值燃烧过程的影响进行了计算研究.试验结果表明:H2能加快PRF-H2混合燃料火焰的传播,促进PRF-H2混合燃料中正庚烷和异辛烷的分解;此外,掺入H2还能增大火焰中H、O和OH自由基的摩尔分数,H自由基摩尔分数的最大值由纯PRF混合燃料火焰时的4×10-3增大到了掺氢能量分数为60%时的13×10-3.     

应用小波变换剔除超声多重反射的研究

利用小波变换具有空间局部化的特性和表征信号奇异性的能力,在适当尺度下刻画待检对象表面第1次超声回波信号的极大值点,从中选择最大值点作为脉冲重复频率(PRF)技术“与操作”的基准点,以满足PRF技术在消除超声多重反射时对“与操作”基准点需高精度定位的要求,从而解决传统方法对检测设备和操作条件严格一致的弊端。计算机仿真与实验研究表明提出的方法是可行的,并具有较强的鲁棒性和适用性。