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排序方式: 共有8206条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Muntasir Hashim Farnoosh Farhad David Smyth‐Boyle Robert Akid Xiang Zhang Philip J. Withers 《工业材料与腐蚀》2019,70(11):2009-2019
The environmental performance of 316L grade stainless steel, in the form of tensile specimens containing a single corrosion pit with various aspect ratios, under cyclic loading in aerated chloride solutions is investigated in this study. Results from environmental tests were compared and contrasted with those obtained using finite element analysis (FEA). Fractography of the failed specimens obtained from experiments revealed that fatigue crack initiation took place at the base of the shallow pit. The crack initiation shifted towards the shoulder and the mouth of the pit for pits of increasing depth. This process is well predicted by FEA, as the strain contour maps show that strain is the highest around the centric strip of the pit. However, for shallow pits, local strain is uniformly distributed around that strip but begins to concentrate more towards the shoulder and the mouth region for increasingly deep pits. 相似文献
3.
J. Tritthart 《Cement and Concrete Research》2003,33(6):829-834
Surface-applied corrosion inhibitors are a kind of repair material and usually contain an aminoalcohol and a component forming a salt with the aminoalcohol. According to the manufacturers, this type of inhibitor penetrates very rapidly into concrete; however, the transport mechanisms have not been sufficiently investigated so far. The major part of the study therefore focused on the transport of the ingredients of an inhibitor in cement paste and concrete, which contained an aminoalcohol and a phosphorous compound. It has been shown that the latter forms an insoluble calcium salt in the environment of cement and precipitates quantitatively. It is thus unable to penetrate from the outside into the alkaline concrete zone and cannot develop its inhibiting effect there. The aminoalcohol, on the other hand, is not bound by cement, but remains largely dissolved in the pore liquid, thus providing optimal conditions for high mobility. The analysis of the transport mechanisms involved has revealed that diffusion in the dissolved state is by far the most efficient transport mechanism. While basically the transport of the aminoalcohol via the gaseous phase is possible, it does play an inferior role only. Surprisingly, the substance had hardly been absorbed by concrete by capillary suction, but at first remained close to the concrete surface. 相似文献
4.
通过氟塑料-石墨板式换热器在化纤生产中高温强腐蚀换热工况中的实际应用,并与常规换热器的使用情况的对比分析,阐述了这种新型换热设备的特点。 相似文献
5.
Thin films on aluminum-tungsten alloys were prepared by co-deposition of pure aluminum and pure tungsten, each sputtered by an independently controlled magnetron source, on glass and sapphire substrates. Completely amorphous films were obtained in the Al80W20-Al67W33 composition range. Passivity and corrosion behavior of amorphous Al-W alloys were investigated in 1 M deaerated hydrochloric acid solution using polarization and impedance spectroscopy measurements and have been correlated with the properties of pure alloy components. Tungsten and sputter-deposited Al-W thin films are inherently passive materials while aluminum undergoes pitting corrosion in hydrochloric acid solution. The passive film formed at the OCP on each alloy possesses excellent electric and dielectric properties comparable to those of the isolating film on tungsten. The absolute impedance increases with increasing tungsten content in the alloy. According to electrochemical polarization measurements, alloying Al with W in solid solution significantly enhances the material's resistance to pitting corrosion by shifting the breakdown potential above 2000 mV (Al67W33) and lowering the corrosion rate at the OCP by more than two orders of magnitude. The most likely mechanism explaining the passivity of amorphous Al-W alloys, the Solute Vacancy Interaction Model (SVIM), involves the formation of complexes between highly oxidized solute atoms (W+6) and mobile cation vacancies, which restrict the transport of Cl− through the oxide film and inhibit its breakdown in hydrochloric acid solution. The role that film stress relaxation effects and microscopic defects in amorphous Al-W films, of the some composition, and deposited on various substrates play in their corrosion resistance is discussed. 相似文献
6.
Sung D. Kwon Sung J. Song Dong H. Bae Young Z. Lee 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2002,16(9):1084-1092
The frequency dependency of Rayleigh surface wave is investigated indirectly by measuring the angular dependency of the backward
radiation of the incident ultrasonic wave in two kinds of degraded specimens by scuffing or corrosion. Then, the frequency
dependency is compared with the residual stress distribution or the corrosion-fatigue characteristics for the scuffed or corroded
specimens, respectively. The width of the backward radiation profile increases with the increase of the variation in residual
stress distribution for the scuffed specimens. In the corroded specimens, the profile width decreases with the increase of
the effective aging layer thickness and is inversely proportional to the exponent, m, in the Paris’ law that can predict the
crack size increase due to fatigue. The result observed in this study demonstrates high potential of backward radiated ultrasound
as a tool for nondestructive evaluation of subsurface gradient of material degradation generated by scuffing or corrosion. 相似文献
7.
8.
Based on an idea introduced by Benjamin and Cornell (1970. Probability, statistics and decision for civil engineers. New York: McGaw Hill) and previous works by the authors it is demonstrated how condition indicators may be formulated for the general purpose of quality control and for assessment and inspection planning in particular. The formulation facilitates quality control based on sampling of indirect information about the condition of the considered components. This allows for a Bayesian formulation of the indicators whereby the experience and expertise of the inspection personnel may be fully utilized and consistently updated as frequentistic information is collected. The approach is illustrated on an example considering a concrete structure subject to corrosion. It is shown how half-cell potential measurements may be utilized to update the probability of excessive repair after 50 years. Furthermore in the same example it is shown how the concept of condition indicators might be applied to develop a cost optimal maintenance strategy composed of preventive and corrective repair measures. 相似文献
9.
Sol–gel films are actively investigated during the last decade as possible candidates for environmentally friendly pre-treatments. However, the important drawback in this case is the lack of active corrosion protection and self-healing ability. 相似文献
10.
Yoshiyuki Uno Akira Okada Kensuke Uemura Purwadi Raharjo Toshihiko Furukawa Kosaku Karato 《Precision Engineering》2005,29(4):171-455
A new finishing process for metal molds by large-area electron beam (EB) irradiation is proposed in this study. In the large-area EB irradiation equipment used here, an EB with high-energy density is irradiated without focusing the beam, and so the EB with a maximum diameter of 60 mm can be used for melting or evaporating metal surface instantly. Experimental results show that the surface roughness decreases from 6 μmRz to less than 1 μmRz in just a few minutes under proper machining conditions. The corrosion resistance of metal mold surface also could be greatly improved by large-area EB irradiation. Furthermore, the surface roughness of tilting surface close to 90° could be well improved. Therefore, large-area EB irradiation method has a possibility to become a high-efficiency finishing process for metal molds. 相似文献