罗汉果提取物的抗氧化活性研究

目的:研究了不同罗汉果提取物体外抗氧化活性。方法:采用D-脱氧核糖法,抗超氧阴离子试剂盒法及比色法分析了不同罗汉果提取物清除自由基及抑制大鼠红细胞自氧化溶血和丙二醛(MDA)的生成。结果:(1)罗汉果提取物(MGC、MGI、MGII)均能有效地清除自由基及减少红细胞溶血的发生,但随抗氧化体系的不同,不同的罗汉果提取物的抗氧化活性差异较大。(2)罗汉果皂甙是罗汉果提取物中抑制红细胞自氧化溶血及丙二醛(MDA)生成的主要的活性成分,它与提取物中其它组分具有清除羟基自由基和O2·的协同作用。结论:罗汉果提取物具有抗氧化活性,罗汉果皂甙是提取物中主要的抗氧化活性成分。     

发酵糙米乙醇提取物改善3T3-L1脂肪细胞糖脂代谢

探讨发酵糙米乙醇提取物(FBREE)对胰岛素抵抗3T3-L1脂肪细胞糖脂代谢的影响。高浓度葡萄糖加胰岛素刺激诱导3T3-L1脂肪细胞胰岛素抵抗模型。不同浓度FBREE处理细胞24 h后检测培养液中葡萄糖,游离脂肪酸(FFA),甘油,甘油三酯(TG),肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)和白介素6(IL-6)水平。实时定量PCR检测细胞氧化物酶体增殖激活受体γ(PPARγ),CAATT增强子结合蛋白(C/EBPα),固醇调节元件结合蛋白(SREBP1c),葡萄糖转运蛋白4(GLUT4),脂肪酸结合蛋白(a P2),蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(PTP1B),葡萄糖转运蛋白(GLUT-4),激素敏感脂肪酶(HSL)和TNF-α,IL-6,单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)和C反应蛋白(CRP)的m RNA表达。FBREE具有促进细胞葡萄糖利用,降低细胞内TG含量,减少FFA及甘油溢出的能力。与模型组细胞相比,高浓度FBREE(100μg/m L)处理的细胞中TG和FFA水平分别下降52.44%和37.83%。FBREE同时能减少模型细胞TNF-α和IL-6的分泌,高浓度FBREE(100μg/m L)分别抑制TNF-α(21.18%),IL-6(31.39%),MCP-1(40.09%)和CRP(41.73%) mRNA表达。此外,FBREE有效降低细胞中PPARγ,C/EBPα,SREBP1c,PTP1B,a P2和HSL的m RNA表达,上调GLUT-4m RNA表达。结果提示,FBREE能有效促3T3-L1脂肪细胞消耗葡萄糖,分解TG,减少FFA和甘油溢出;调控细胞糖、脂代谢来改善胰岛素抵抗,并降低胰岛素抵抗所致炎症水平的升高。     

桉叶多酚提取物体内外抗氧化活性评价

桉叶资源丰富且生物活性高,但少有研究对桉叶多酚提取物进行系统的抗氧化活性评价.本实验旨在研究纯化后桉叶多酚提取物体内外抗氧化活性.以化学法、RAW264.7巨噬细胞模型、秀丽隐杆线虫(以下简称线虫)模型为评价方法,以自由基清除率、抗氧化酶活力及线虫寿命等为指标,评价桉叶多酚提取物的抗氧化能力.结果 表明,桉叶多酚提取物...     

锌精矿制粒沸腾焙烧新工艺的应用与改进

介绍了锌精矿制粒沸腾焙烧新工艺的工业化生产应用与技术改进情况 ,阐述了取得的成果及存在的问题     

三种食用菌提取物体外抗氧化与降血糖活性研究

目的:为评价三种食用菌体外抗氧化与降血糖作用。方法:采用水杨酸显色法、DPPH·显色法、铁氰化钾显色法测定三种食用菌及副产物(竹荪、竹荪菌托、茶树菇、松乳菇)提取物的抗氧化能力,再通过α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶活性抑制作用分析提取物的降血糖活性。结果:在实验浓度(0.5~5 mg/mL)范围内三种食用菌及副产物的提取物具有一定的抗氧化和降血糖作用,且存在明显的量效关系。抗氧化以V_C作为阳性对照,降血糖组间进行对照。当浓度达到5 mg/mL时,茶树菇提取物对·OH和DPPH·的清除率最高可达89.45%和87.81%,对Fe³⁺的还原能力与V_C相近,IC₅₀均为1.04 mg/mL;而竹荪和竹荪菌托提取物对·OH(45.19%和36.04%)、DPPH·(44.30%和36.81%)的清除率和对Fe³⁺的还原能力(46.61%和48.09%)均较弱,且IC₅₀值均超出实验浓度。当浓度达到5 mg/mL时,茶树菇提取物对α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制率分别62.15%和57.08%,IC₅₀值为3.82和4.10 mg/mL;松乳菇提取物对两种酶的抑制率分别为83.52%和75.43%,IC₅₀值为2.22和2.53 mg/mL;而竹荪和竹荪菌托提取物对α-淀粉酶(15.15%和24.56%)和α-葡萄糖苷酶(26.20%和23.41%)活性的抑制率均较低,且IC₅₀值均超出实验浓度。结论:茶树菇提取物降血糖和抗氧化作用均较强,而松乳菇提取物的降血糖作用较强而抗氧化作用较弱,竹荪和竹荪菌托提取物的抗氧化活性和降血糖活性均较弱。     

Biochemical factors responsible for susceptibility or resistance of various plants against the scarlet mite,brevipalpus phoenicis: i. amino acids analysis

Free amino acids show considerable variations among various species of plants that exhibit different degrees of susceptibility or resistance to various pests infestation. Some of the free amino acids, directly or indirectly, contribute to defense mechanism of the plants. Recently, 31 plant species were screened for susceptibility or resistance against the attack of the scarlet mite, Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geij.). Thin layer chromatography showed that all resistant species contain tryptophan, tyrosine and hydroxyproline, while all susceptible hosts had amino acids like α‐aminocaprylic acid and dihydroxyphenylalanine. The plants species lacking dihydroxyphenylalanine could not support the development of the scarlet mite.     

A Moisture Transfer Model for Isothermal Drying of Plant Cellular Materials Based on the Pore Network Approach

Plant materials with cellular structure, like fruits and vegetables, are often viewed as porous media in terms of model building of the drying process, on the basis of a hypothesis that all of the moisture of a plant tissue is trapped in a continuous and connected pore network system. However, most of the moisture in the plant tissue is contained naturally in enclosed cells. In the course of drying, the trapped moisture has to cross the cell membranes and then migrates in the extracellular space. Based on this concept, a pore network model for isothermal drying of plant materials was developed in which two stages of moisture movement—transmembrane transfer and extracellular transfer in the pore network—were considered. Finally, the isothermal convective air-drying processes of a potato slice were simulated. The calculated results were validated by the experiments conducted under the simulation conditions.     

Determination of the Composition of Commercial Tannin Extracts by Liquid Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (LSIMS)

The composition of various commercial tannin extracts were determined by liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry (LSIMS). Spectra were obtained directly from tannin extracts without any pre-separation. Eight different tannin powders were analysed: three gallotannins (Chinese, Turkish, tara), three ellagitannins (sweet chestnut, pendunculata oak, sessile oak), one mixed hydrolysable tannin (myrabolans) and one proanthocyanidin (grape seeds). This method enabled the main molecules in these powders to be identified.     

贺州市水电站工程质量监督工作的现状及对策

分析了近年来贺州市小水电建设中存在的管理失控、不完全履行建设质量监督程序及具体工程建设中出现的一些质量事故及原因,针对这些问题,提出了健全质量监督机构、提高质量监督队伍素质、规范建设审批手续等建议.     

微型减压设施与磨盘柿保鲜效果研究

为使减压贮藏推广与应用,从降低成本出发,对比分析了关键配件的选择,并探讨磨盘柿在微型减压设施下的保鲜效果。结果表明,微型减压设施的配件应选用直径250 mm的硬质PVC波纹耐真空单管,圆形垛,宽3 m、厚0.1 mm软质PVC薄膜,并采用套扣、缠生料带和抹玻璃胶方式连接普通加厚双镀锌铁管、普通加厚黑胶管和内含钢丝的软塑料管形成真空连接系统。这套微型减压设施有利于磨盘柿果实硬度的保持,抑制可溶性固形物、膜相对透性及贮藏后期的丙二醛含量的升高,延缓果实的衰老进程,抑制果实后期褐变的发生。