虎杖内生真菌Aspergillus aculeatus HZ001产β-葡萄糖苷酶的酶学特性

中药虎杖含有丰富的虎杖苷,利用生物转化技术将其转化为白藜芦醇是制备天然白藜芦醇的有效方法.虎杖内生真菌Aspergillus aculeatus HZ001细胞可催化虎杖苷转化为白藜芦醇,该文对该菌株产胞内 β-葡萄糖苷酶的酶学性质进行研究.结果表明:该酶的最适反应温度为60℃,在低于60℃时有较好的稳定性;最适反应p...     

虎杖冷冻、微波及冷冻微波联合干燥工艺研究

实验以虎杖为试材,分别对冷冻干燥、微波干燥及冷冻微波联合干燥进行实验,研究不同干燥工艺参数对干燥速率及干燥后产品品质的影响,并从微观结构角度研究并验证了虎杖干燥的转换点。结果表明:冷冻干燥的最佳工艺参数为:虎杖片厚度5 mm、真空度40 Pa、加热盘温度40℃;微波干燥的最佳温度为60℃;虎杖片冷冻微波联合干燥的最佳转换点为含水率25%,冷冻干燥至转换点再进行微波干燥至终点,所获得的虎杖片药效成分(虎杖苷、大黄素、白藜芦醇、大黄素甲醚)、体积保留率、复水比、色差与冷冻干燥产品接近;冷冻微波联合干燥工艺比冷冻干燥时间可缩短一半。      

高效液相色谱法同时测定虎杖中五种活性成分

本文建立了虎杖中五种活性成分:虎杖苷、白藜芦醇、大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、大黄素、大黄素甲醚的高效液相色谱分析方法。色谱柱为Agilent Zorbax SB C18柱(4.6×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈(A)和水(B),梯度洗脱程序为:0~40 min,15.0~50.0%A;40~60 min,50.0~90.0%A。柱温为40℃,检测波长为290 nm,流速为1.0 mL/min。五种成分线性良好(R0.999),保留时间相对标准偏差(RSD)介于0.14~1.67%,峰面积RSD介于0.96~2.96%,加标回收率介于96.8~104.7%。优化了虎杖的提取条件,最佳条件为60%乙醇超声提取30 min。对10批虎杖样品分析结果表明:虎杖苷和大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄苷是虎杖乙醇提取物中两种含量最高的活性成分,含量范围分别为9.80~20.42 mg/g和5.56~24.45 mg/g。白藜芦醇和大黄素的含量范围分别为1.07~5.94 mg/g和3.79~17.85 mg/g,而大黄素甲醚含量为0.57~1.69 mg/g。该高效液相色谱法重复性好、精密度高,可用于虎杖中五种活性成分的同时测定。     

Kinetic analysis of the thermal decomposition of Polygonum lapathifolium

The optimal reaction model for analysis of thermal decomposition of various types of biomasses is currently under debate. Four established models for the kinetic analysis of Polygonum lapathifolium were employed in this study: double extrapolation method, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa method (FWO), distributed activation energy model (DAEM), and global kinetic model. The values of activation energy and frequency factor calculated by global kinetic model are much lower than that of the other three methods. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that the activation energy analyzed by FWO method and DAEM is widely distributed and is not directly related to the heating rates, which are more objective than double extrapolation method and global kinetic model.     

虎杖中高效转化白藜芦醇苷的内生真菌筛选和鉴定

从虎杖根部分离获得8株内生真菌,经液态培养基发酵后进行HPLC检测,以白藜芦醇苷转化率为指标,从中筛选出具有高效转化能力的2株内生真菌G8和G10,其转化率分别达到64.2%和58.1%,将虎杖中的白藜芦醇含量提高到原来的3.84倍和3.57倍。结合ITS测序与Genback中rDNA同源序列对比,鉴定G8和G10分别为青霉菌RF3(Penicillium sp.RF3)和青霉菌ST008(Penicillium sp.isolate ST008)。     

杠板归挥发性化学成分SPME/GC/MS分析

用固相微萃取提取技术提取杠板归挥发性化学成分,并用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对化学成分进行了分离鉴定,共鉴定出37种化学成分,占挥发性化学成分的91.30%。杠板归主要挥发性化学成分是2-己醛(22.99%),2-十一烷酮(15.10%),3-甲基-环戊烯(11.78%),苯甲醛(7.98%),n-十六酸(6.90%),n-癸酸(4.01%)等。     

Supercritical CO2 extraction of resveratrol and its glycoside piceid from Chinese traditional medicinal herb Polygonum cuspidatum

Resveratrol (3,5,4′‐trihydroxystilbene) and its glycoside piceid are phenolic compounds found to be beneficial to health. In this paper, resveratrol and piceid were successfully extracted from the Chinese traditional medicinal herb Polygonum cuspidatum (Hu Zhang in Chinese), with supercritical CO₂ plus ethanol modifier. The effects of ethanol content, pressure and temperature on the yields of resveratrol and piceid were investigated. Results showed that the extraction pressure was the main factor for the effective extraction of the two substances in the presence of ethanol modifier, especially for piceid. The optimal extraction condition was obtained: 30 MPa, 50 °C, (100 ml l^?1), ethanol and 20 kg h^?1 of CO₂, at which the yields of resveratrol and piceid were 7.1 g kg^?1 and 16.0 g kg^?1, respectively. The yields obtained by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was comparable with those obtained by traditional organic solvent methods, indicating that SFE is an alternative method for extraction of the two compounds. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

微波萃取——分光光度法测定篇蓄中的总黄酮

采用微波辅助萃取法萃取篇蓄中的总黄酮,以芦丁为对照品,用分光光度法测定总黄酮的含量。利用正交实验考察了萃取温度、料液比、乙醇体积分数和回流时间对总黄酮含量的影响。实验结果表明：最佳条件为萃取温度80℃、料液比1：40、乙醇体积分数为85％、回流时间7min。在最优条件下测得总黄酮的平均质量分数为2．099mg／g,总黄酮的平均萃取率为3．481％,相对标准偏差为0．304％（n=6）,回收率为94．17％～99．50％。     

何首乌对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制作用

目前已经发现许多中药具有高效抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性成分,能有效的治疗糖尿病。通过测定30种中药水提物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用,发现何首乌抑制活性最强。本文报道对何首乌抑制成分的分离与鉴定实验。经sephadex G-100凝胶过滤分离纯化,初步鉴定何首乌的抑制剂为多糖类物质,相对分子质量约为4.79×104。双倒数曲线表明,何首乌抑制剂对α-葡萄糖苷酶的作用属于非竞争性抑制。     

响应面法优化虎杖中白藜芦醇提取工艺的研究

采用响应曲面法并通过单因素试验优化了由纤维素酶酶解提取虎杖中白藜芦醇的条件,所得的最佳工艺为酶用量2mg／g虎杖粉末、温度52．5℃、pH值4．5、酶解时间110min．该条件下每毫升提取液中白藜芦醇的浓度达到了1．489mg／mL,与模型预测值基本相符．