基于软件芯片的快速原型制造系统软件设计方法

本文把软件芯片的概念引入快速原型制造（RPM）系统的软件设计之中,根据RPM系统软件结构的特点,对其进行了软件芯片划分,并论述了每个软件芯片的功能。以数控语言解释器软件芯片为例,详细地介绍了RPM系统软件芯片的研制过程。研究了如何用软件芯片构造RPM系统软件。     

BPL: A set-based language for distributed system prototyping

Rapid prototyping of software and hardware is recognized as a very important step in timely, cost-effective system development. The complexity inherent in designing distributed computing systems and distributed problem solutions emphasizes the need for effective rapid prototyping tools. ADL/ADS is a testbed user interface tool for experimentation with critical research and design issues pertaining to distributed data processing (DDP). The experimenter expresses a candidate distributed system in terms of experiment objects, along with attributes and relationships. The experiment objects represent hardware, software, and behavior. This paper provides a brief overview of ADL/ADS, and gives especial emphasis to the Behavior Prototyping Language (BPL) within ADL/ADS. BPL is designed for expressing Behavior Modules (B_MODULEs)—the most versatile of the behavior objects. BPL incorporates set-theoretical approaches, and provides syntax designed for effectively describing manipulations of experiment objects, and their attributes and relationships.     

Predicting dam failure risk for sustainable flood retention basins: A generic case study for the wider Greater Manchester area

This study aims to provide a rapid screening tool for assessment of sustainable flood retention basins (SFRBs) to predict corresponding dam failure risks. A rapid expert-based assessment method for dam failure of SFRB supported by an artificial neural network (ANN) model has been presented. Flood storage was assessed for 110 SFRB and the corresponding Dam Failure Risk was evaluated for all dams across the wider Greater Manchester study area. The results show that Dam Failure Risk can be estimated by using the variables Dam Height, Dam Length, Maximum Flood Water Volume, Flood Water Surface Area, Mean Annual Rainfall (based on Met Office data), Altitude, Catchment Size, Urban Catchment Proportion, Forest Catchment Proportion and Managed Maximum Flood Water Volume. A cross-validation R² value of 0.70 for the ANN model signifies that the tool is likely to predict variables well for new data sets. Traditionally, dams are considered safe because they have been built according to high technical standards. However, many dams that were constructed decades ago do not meet the current state-of-the-art dam design guidelines. Spatial distribution maps show that dam failure risks of SFRB located near cities are higher than those situated in rural locations. The proposed tool could be used as an early warning system in times of heavy rainfall.     

城市群快速轨道客运系统建设策略分析

城市群空间的形成要求借助于区域或城市间的完善的交通网络体系,许多城市群建立以大容量的快速轨道客运系统为骨干,地面辅以常规多类型公共交通网络为补充的多层次、多元化、立体化的客运交通方式相互协调的综合客运交通体系,并以此城市群综合客运交通体系为城市交通发展的基本战略。本文在此主要研究我国城市群快速轨道交通规划中的建设策略。     

全方位移动下肢康复机器人的虚拟样机建模和仿真

通过对全方位移动康复机器人的运动学和动力学分析,建立机器人的动力学控制模型,同时采用虚拟样机技术建立机器人多刚体动力学三维模型,并通过定义输入输出变量及其接口,与Matlab软件进行机电一体化联合仿真．通过仿真表明康复机器人数学模型的正确性．     

Effect of engine-based thermal aging on surface morphology and performance of Lean NOx Traps

A small single-cylinder diesel engine is used to thermally age model (Pt + Rh/Ba/γ-Al₂O₃) lean NO_x traps (LNTs) under lean/rich cycling at target temperatures of 600 °C, 700 °C, and 800 °C. During an aging cycle, fuel is injected into the exhaust to achieve reproducible exotherms under lean and rich conditions with the average temperature approximating the target temperature. Aging is performed until the cycle-average NO_x conversion measured at 400 °C is approximately constant. Engine-based NO_x conversion decreased by 42% after 60 cycles at 600 °C, 36% after 76 cycles at 700 °C and 57% after 46 cycles at 800 °C. The catalyst samples were removed and characterized by XRD and using a microreactor that allowed controlled measurements of surface area, precious metal size, NO_x storage, and reaction rates. Three aging mechanisms responsible for the deactivation of LNTs have been identified: (i) loss of dispersion of the precious metals, (ii) phase transitions in the washcoat materials, and (iii) loss of surface area of the storage component and support. These three mechanisms are accelerated when the aging temperature exceeds 850 °C—the γ to δ transition temperature of Al₂O₃. Normalization of rates of NO reacted at 400 °C to total surface area demonstrates the biggest impact on performance stems from surface area losses rather than from precious metal sintering.     

古代建筑保护方法的数字化研究

以湖北省四祖寺、五祖寺古建筑为例,讨论了用近景摄影测量和三维激光扫描技术的不同方法,进行数据采集,建立模型,计算机显示,然后通过快速成型按比例进行复原,最后,介绍了古建保护的信息系统、分析平台的构造.     

Rapid additive manufacturing of functionally graded structures using simultaneous wire and powder laser deposition

Laser additive fabrication allows the manufacturing of functionally graded structures that are not possible using conventional subtractive manufacturing. Laser deposition of injected powders with varying compositions, layer-by-layer, is often used for the building up of functionally graded fully dense structures or materials. This approach, however, has some drawbacks: the un-used powders (normally 60-80%) cannot be recycled as they will be contaminated by the powder mixture. In addition, multiple passes are needed to develop functionally graded structures. This paper reports the feasibility and characteristics of using simultaneous powder and wire feeding laser deposition to produce functionally graded structures in a single step. This approach has been shown to eliminate the above problems associated with powder feed laser deposition. In this work, copper powder and nickel wire have been used to deposit functionally grated copper/nickel/iron structures on H13 tool steel. A 1.5-kW diode laser is used for the build-up process. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical microscopy are used to analyse the deposited materials in terms of morphology, composition distributions, microstructures and phases formed. Successful deposition of functionally graded Cu-Ni-Fe structures has been demonstrated. Comparisons are made with the dual powder feed deposition process, which shows the inclusion of un-melted Ni powders in the Cu layer as a result of melting temperature difference of the two materials.     

Simulation and Optimization of Amplitude-adjusting Performance of Crane with Virtual Prototyping Technology

In the design of crane,designers often have to study the trajectory of amplitude-adjusting of crane.The tradition- al methods,illustration and analytics both show their limits.In this paper,the simulation of process of amplitude-adjusting is presented and the optimization is also performed with virtual prototyping technology.From the comparison of original solution and optimal solution,the effectiveness of this technique is testified.On the platform ADAMS/View,the interactive optimization can be performed in a visual,intuitive and credible way,which deserves to be introduced to the design of crane.     

Simulation and Optimization of Amplitude-adjusting Performance of Crane with Virtual Prototyping Technology

In the design of crane, designers often have to study the trajectory of amplitude-adjusting of crane. The traditional methods, illustration and analytics both show their limits. In this paper, the simulation of process of amplitude-adjusting is presented and the optimization is also performed with virtual prototyping technology. From the comparison of original solution and optimal solution, the effectiveness of this technique is testified. On the platform ADAMS/View, the interactive optimization can be performed in a visual, intuitive and credible way, which deserves to be introduced to the design of crane.