Validation of the Driver’s Angry Thoughts Questionnaire (DATQ) in a Chinese sample

The relationship between driving anger and negative driving outcomes, such as dangerous driving behaviors and traffic violations, has been the topic of several studies, but few studies have explored drivers’ angry thoughts when they encounter anger-provoking situations and the potential consequences of such thoughts. The purpose of this study was to investigate drivers’ angry thoughts behind the wheel and their relationship with dangerous driving behaviors. A total of 303 Chinese drivers completed the Chinese version of the Driver’s Angry Thoughts Questionnaire (DATQ), the Dula Dangerous Driving Index (DDDI) and the Driving Anger Scale (DAS). A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the Chinese DATQ yielded a five-factor solution with 20 items that showed the best goodness of fit for the data. The brief DATQ also showed good reliability and validity. Three forms of aggressive thinking were positively correlated with dangerous driving behaviors, and coping self-instruction was negatively correlated with dangerous driving behaviors and traffic violations. More importantly, aggressive thinking mediated the effect of driving anger on dangerous driving behaviors, indicating the importance of thoughts behind the wheel. These results provide evidence supporting the development of strategies to reduce and prevent aggressive driving and accidents.     

A rear-end collision risk assessment model based on drivers’ collision avoidance process under influences of cell phone use and gender—A driving simulator based study

Driver’s collision avoidance performance has a direct link to the collision risk and crash severity. Previous studies demonstrated that the distracted driving, such as using a cell phone while driving, disrupted the driver’s performance on road. This study aimed to investigate the manner and extent to which cell phone use and driver’s gender affected driving performance and collision risk in a rear-end collision avoidance process. Forty-two licensed drivers completed the driving simulation experiment in three phone use conditions: no phone use, hands-free, and hand-held, in which the drivers drove in a car-following situation with potential rear-end collision risks caused by the leading vehicle’s sudden deceleration. Based on the experiment data, a rear-end collision risk assessment model was developed to assess the influence of cell phone use and driver’s gender. The cell phone use and driver’s gender were found to be significant factors that affected the braking performances in the rear-end collision avoidance process, including the brake reaction time, the deceleration adjusting time and the maximum deceleration rate. The minimum headway distance between the leading vehicle and the simulator during the rear-end collision avoidance process was the final output variable, which could be used to measure the rear-end collision risk and judge whether a collision occurred. The results showed that although cell phone use drivers took some compensatory behaviors in the collision avoidance process to reduce the mental workload, the collision risk in cell phone use conditions was still higher than that without the phone use. More importantly, the results proved that the hands-free condition did not eliminate the safety problem associated with distracted driving because it impaired the driving performance in the same way as much as the use of hand-held phones. In addition, the gender effect indicated that although female drivers had longer reaction time than male drivers in critical situation, they were more quickly in braking with larger maximum deceleration rate, and they tended to keep a larger safety margin with the leading vehicle compared to male drivers. The findings shed some light on the further development of advanced collision avoidance technologies and the targeted intervention strategies about cell phone use while driving.     

基于DSP的嵌入式运动控制器的设计与应用

针对目前运动控制器的专业化要求,使用DSP56F807代替单片机和PLC,开发了一种新型绗缝机系统通用的嵌入式运动控制器,它可以驱动步进电机或伺服电机,大大提高运动控制器的通用性和可扩展性。最后通过一个绗缝机系统的实例测试,验证了该运动控制器的实用性。     

小型多自由度机器人舵机群控制系统设计

针对小型多自由度机器人关节控制的需求,提出一种高精度多路PPM信号生成方法。具体介绍了系统的硬件电路和软件实现方法。对多路PPM信号的生成方法和数据排序算法等系统的关键部分进行了详细的阐述。测试结果表明,系统生成的24路PPM信号时间精度可达2us,精度误差小于0.2us。     

大视觉智能巡线车控制系统开发

针对常规的智能车传感器固定,视觉范围小,影响智能车的运行速度和准确性问题,提出了基于双舵机的大视觉智能巡线车控制系统。采用激光传感器、将路径识别传感器安装在车架上随动舵机的轮盘上,MCU通过控制随动摆头舵机来带动传感器的运动,使智能车的路径识别角度范围增大。经试验证明,此控制系统紧密结合双舵机的特点,充分发挥装在车架上的随动舵机带动路径识别传感器的优势,增大了智能车巡线过程中能识别到的路径范围,使智能车模实现高速稳定行驶。在不"丢线"的情况下,速度得到较大的提升,能适应各种赛道。     

Fuzzy PDFF-IIR controller for PMSM drive systems

Pseudo-derivative feedback with feed-forward gain (PDFF) combines the advantages of proportional-integral (PI) and pseudo-derivative feedback (PDF) controllers. However, PDFF responds more slowly to a command than does PI. To increase the speed of response of the PDFF controller, this work presents a PDFF with moving average errors control. A low-pass IIR filter path for errors compensation that accelerates the slow response is added to a PDFF control loop. A fuzzy inferencer is utilized to adjust the feed-forward gain and integral gain of the PDFF controller to allow closed-loop poles of the transfer function to be properly placed to improve load torque disturbance rejection capability. Simulated and experimental results reveal that the response and load disturbance rejection ability of the fuzzy PDFF-IIR controller are better than those of the traditional PDFF controller.     

图像加密技术及其进展

在图像传输的过程中,图像加密技术起着重要作用。本文介绍了目前常用的图像加密方法、加密技术的发展现状,同时还介绍了图像加密方面的新技术、新方法,并阐述了图像加密技术的发展趋势。     

台达机电产品在数控多晶硅切断机床中的应用

本文主要介绍台达机电产品在数控多晶硅切断机床上的整合应用。该控制系统操作界面友好简单,结合台达HMI、PLC、和伺服及变频器等自动化产品,实现了设备的技术升级与高效节能,体现出台达自动化产品较高的性价比。运行实践证明,台达产品稳定可靠,控制效率高,值得业界同行借鉴和推广。     

液压位置伺服系统的模糊PID控制研究

针对液压位置伺服系统中参数时变和非线性等特点,使用模糊PID控制算法实现对PID参数的在线自调整。Matlab仿真表明,与传统PID控制相比,模糊PID控制系统具有超调小、稳态精度高、鲁棒性强等特点。     

Multi-frequency disturbance rejection via blending control technique for hard disk drives

This paper is concerned with the rejection of multiple narrowband disturbances in hard disk drives (HDDs). Inspired by a control blending idea, the multi-frequency disturbance rejection is formulated as a blending control problem. Each disturbance rejection is accomplished by using the H₂ optimal control method. Based on all H₂ optimal controllers, the blending technique is applied to yield a single controller which is capable of achieving rejection of all disturbances. Rejections of two and three disturbances for a 1.8-inch HDD VCM actuator are taken as application examples in the paper. Simulation and experimental results show that the ultimate controller results in a simultaneous attenuation of disturbances with frequencies higher or lower than the closed-loop system bandwidth. Moreover, the method turns out to be able to lift phase and thus prevent phase margin loss when it is used to deal with disturbances near bandwidth.