近代民间服装的开衩形制与结构研究——以江南大学民间服饰传习馆相关馆藏为例

以江南大学民间传习馆中的近代民间服装作为研究对象,重点选取民间服装中的开衩进行研究,分析其形制、结构与装饰工艺。通过对开衩的位置、长短、缘边装饰的形制研究,以及直摆开衩和圆摆开衩上的区别、开衩的结构与工艺等方面的研究,分析结果表明,近代民间服装多在下摆两侧缝处开衩,各个地区袄开衩高度较为近似,旗袍开衩高度反差较大,开衩缘边装饰也经历了由繁变简的过程。以此来总结归纳近代民间服装开衩的形制特点和内在结构。     

Surface morphology of sputtered NiTi-based shape memory alloy thin films

The effect of substrate condition and annealing treatment on the surface morphology of sputter-deposited NiTi-based thin films was studied by means of atomic force microscope. It is found that the surface of the film deposited at 450 °C on a (100) Si wafer is composed of large island groups, consisting of islands of 150–300 nm in diameter. Annealing treatment at 400 °C results in a more homogeneous distribution of the island size. However, for the film deposited at 450 °C on a (111) Si wafer, its surface consists of more homogeneous islands, being about 200–250 nm in diameter. For the film deposited at 450 °C on a SiO₂ buffer layer on top of the Si-substrate, the surface islands have ideal spherical shape. After annealed at 650 °C, the islands have grown to about 300 nm in width and 550 nm in length. The surface roughness of the deposited film is related not only to the island sizes but also to the island distributions.     

铸态FeMnSiCrNi合金的形状记忆效应

分别研究了预变形量对超低碳与含0.12%碳的铸态FeMnSiCrNi形状记忆合金的形状记忆效应的影响,并将以上结果与冷拉FeMnSiCrNi形状记忆合金的结果进行了比较。结果表明:预变形量小于5%时,两种铸态合金的形状记忆效应基本不变;而预变形量大于5%时,随预变形量的增加形状记忆效应降低。当预变形量相同时,含0.12%碳的合金的形状记忆效应低于超低碳合金。预变形量为5%时,超低碳与含0.12%碳的合金的形状回复率分别达到73%、62%,具有与冷拉FeMnSiCrNi丝相当的形状记忆效应。     

Austenite stability in Fe–Mn–Si-based shape memory alloys

The stability of austenite in a number of Fe–Mn–Si-based shape memory alloys has been investigated. It was found that a grain boundary precipitate of BCC structure is formed over a wide range of alloy compositions and heat treatment temperatures. This grain boundary phase has been identified as the chi (χ) phase. Although up to 3 vol.% of the grain boundary precipitate was generated by isothermal aging in the range 500–800 °C, it was found not to markedly affect the mechanical properties or the shape memory effect. Nano-indentation indicated that the hardness and strength of the parent and precipitate phase are very similar, as are their compositions.     

不锈钢板冷轧机的现状和发展

简要叙述不锈钢板冷轧机（20辊森吉米尔轧机、四柱式2O辊轧机、12辊CR轧机等）的结构特点、发展概况及各自采用的先进控制系统。     

时效对Au－39．8Cu－21．0Zn－3．2Al形状记忆合金的影响

用电阻法研究了不同时效条件对标题合金的马氏体转变温度和形状记忆效应的影响。结果表明：经分级淬火处理的合金，有较高的热稳定性和良好的形状记忆效应。但在高于１２０℃的温度时效一定时间后，将严重影响合金的马氏体相变，从而使合金丧失形状记忆效应。     

装饰用梅花形黄铜管拉伸成型工艺研究

通过对梅花形黄铜管一次拉伸成型的实验 ,研究了管坯的规格、管坯的状态、延伸系数、拉伸方式、工艺润滑及拉伸速度等工艺因素对梅花黄铜管凸筋高度充填的影响规律 ,这些结论对实际生产有一定的指导意义。     

Analysis of the thermal expansion characteristics of Ni53.6Mn27.1Ga19.3 alloy

Dilatation characteristics of Ni_53.6Mn_27.1Ga_19.3 alloy were measured in the temperature range of 20–360 °C. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) decreased with increasing temperature in the temperature range of the existence of martensite. Three variants of martensite transformed gradually into austenite. Analysis of the dilatation characteristics showed that compression deformation of the alloy at room temperature produces two kinds of strain.     

模锻件切边凹模刃口形状探讨

通过对模锻件切边过程与定位要求的描述，对切边凹模刃口形状与模锻件飞边桥部关系的分析，并基于实践经验，指出对于非平面分模锻件和水平投影轮廓形状复杂的锻件，切边凹模刃口形状不宜完全按(热)锻件分模面轮廓制造，而应针对锻件具体结构作一些调整。     

铁基形状记忆合金（待续）

简介形状记忆效应(SME)的基本概念和形状记忆合金的发展。评述了Fe-Mn-Si,Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni,Fe-Ni-Co-Ti和Fe-Ni-C等系铁基形状记忆合金的生长背景,特性及其SME的机制。