低磷胁迫下不同番茄品种苗期根系生理适应性研究

采用液培方法研究了不同番茄品种在低磷胁迫下根系及生理学的适应特征。结果表明：低磷胁迫导致植株根，冠比增加．不同番茄品种的磷营养效率的差异主要表现在磷的吸收能力，而不是磷素分配和利用率。低磷胁迫下，耐低磷番茄品种的侧根平均长度要高于低磷敏感品种；不同番茄品种在低磷胁迫下酸性磷酸酶活性上升幅度存在显著差异，随着磷胁迫强度的增强，耐低磷品种的酸性磷酸酶的上升幅度高于低磷敏感品种；耐低磷番茄品种在低磷胁迫下具有小的Km和Cmin，说明这两个指标是番茄在磷胁迫下较为敏感的生理指标。     

基于仿人智能控制的足球机器人圆弧射门算法

提出了基于仿人智能控制的足球机器人圆弧射门算法.通过路径规划保证了射门动作的准确性并在小车的运动学方程的基础上用仿人智能控制实现对机器人的运动控制,使机器人在速度较高时也能较好地跟随规划路径,设计了并编程实现了基于本文算法的足球机器人运动控制器,进行了实际系统实验,证明了其有效性.     

Identification of the Sex Pheromone of the Currant Shoot Borer Lampronia capitella

Under an artificial light:dark cycle, females of Lampronia capitella were observed calling, with extended terminal abdominal segments, during the first 2 hr of the photoperiod. Extracts of terminal abdominal segments from females elicited large electroantennographic responses from male antennae. Gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection revealed three active peaks. Based on comparison of retention times and mass spectra of synthetic standards, these compounds were identified as (Z,Z)-9,11-tetradecadienol and the corresponding acetate and aldehyde. The electroantennographic activity of the four geometric isomers of all three compounds was investigated, and the respective (Z,Z)-isomer was found to be the most active in all cases. Aldehydes generally elicited larger antennal responses than alcohols, whereas acetates were the least active compounds. A subtractive trapping assay in the field, based on a 13:26:100 micrograms mixture of (Z,Z)-9,11-tetradecadienal, (Z,Z)-9,11-tetradecadienyl acetate, and (Z,Z)-9,11-tetradecadienol confirmed that all three compounds are pheromone components. Subtraction of (Z,Z)-9,11-tetradecadienol from the blend completely eliminated its attractiveness, whereas the other two-component blends showed reduced activity. This is the first pheromone identification from the monotrysian superfamily Incurvarioidea, confirming that the common pheromones among ditrysian moths (long-chain fatty acid derivatives comprising alcohols, acetates, and aldehydes with one or more double bonds) is not an autapomorphy of Ditrysia, but a synapomorphy of the more advanced heteroneuran lineages.     

笋干菜糯米营养保健香肠的开发研究

研究了笋干菜营养香肠的生产工艺,探讨了影响其质量的因素:笋干菜的添加量、糯米的添加量、糯米的颗粒度及肥、瘦肉的比例。并在此基础上采用正交实验得出了最佳工艺条件和配比,结果表明:五花猪肉79%,糯米用量15%,笋干菜用量6%,肥、瘦肉比例2:8,糯米颗粒度30目时香肠质量最佳。     

Shoot growth on de-fruited grapevines: a physiological indicator for irrigation scheduling

A simple and inexpensive but biologically meaningful way of gauging grapevine water status that can guide irrigation scheduling is described. The growth rate of shoots on grapevines from which all fruit has been removed (de-fruited shoot growth) is presented as a sensitive indicator of vine and soil water status and we propose a procedure for irrigation scheduling based on monitoring de-fruited shoot growth and soil moisture. These guidelines were derived from corresponding measurements of de-fruited shoot growth and soil moisture potential that were undertaken at frequent intervals (generally 1 to 2 days). De-fruited shoot growth rate between 48 and 71 days after anthesis was linearly correlated with the mean moisture potential of the soil at depths of 60 cm and 90 cm in the centre of the drip-irrigated zone (r = 0.94). De-fruited shoot growth effectively ceased when soil moisture potential at these points had decreased to -70 kPa, although much of the root zone would have been even drier. De-fruited shoot growth thus shows an integrated and dynamic response to vine-available soil water that could aid irrigation scheduling.     

Grapevine culture in trenches: root growth and dry matter partitioning

As a part of a global project aimed at comparing the physiology of several grapevine ( Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars, we tested plant cultivation in trenches under semi-controlled conditions. Vegetative growth of vines of two cultivars, Pinot Noir and Merlot, from different locations, were followed during a 3-year period. Roots of trench-grown vines grew widely, leading to a root architecture closer to that observed under field conditions than that of potted vines. In addition, the root system could be sampled exhaustively for analyses. Although morphologically different, vines of the two cultivars exhibited similar patterns in dry matter production during the whole period, except at early flowering in year 3. Surprisingly, perennial parts accounted for this difference, though both cultivars were grafted onto the same SO4 rootstock clone. Consistently, vines exhibited root necrosis at any sampling date throughout spring, this process affecting more roots for the Pinot Noir/SO4 combination than for Merlot/SO4.     

Spatter-free laser percussion drilling of closely spaced array holes

Spatter is one of the inherent defects commonly associated with holes produced with laser drilling. This work reports on a method of spatter prevention, workable for a wide range of process parameters. The method is based on the application of a specially developed anti-spatter composite coating (ASCC), containing a mixture of ceramic filler particles embedded in a silicone elastomer matrix, on the workpiece surface prior to laser percussion drilling. Experiments were conducted using a fibre-optic delivered 400 W Nd:YAG laser for the drilling of closely spaced through holes (2 mm hole pitch) in Nimonic 263 alloy sheets. The work revealed that the ASCC effectively prevented the deposition of spatter such that laser drilled holes were produced whilst maintaining the as-received surface characteristics of the Nimonic 263 alloy for all the assist gases tested (O₂, air, N₂ and Ar). The process characteristics and spatter prevention mechanism associated with the use of the ASCC have been investigated using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, contact angle analysis and high-speed photographic imaging. Comparative studies were also made with the case of uncoated laser drilling.     

茭白中过氧化物酶的部分纯化及其性质的初步研究

采用硫酸铵沉淀及DEAE-SepharoseFF离子交换色谱对茭白中过氧化物酶进行了初步纯化,得到了部分纯化的两种过氧化物酶(组分A和组分B),其中组分A为酸性过氧化物酶,而组分B为碱性过氧化物酶。两种过氧化物酶的最适pH分别为5.0(A)和5.5(B),同时两种酶的热稳定性有一定的差异。     

环剥对红地球葡萄果实发育和枝条生长的影响

研究了环剥处理对红地球葡萄果实发育及枝条生长的影响。结果表明：结果枝果穗下节间环剥处理不改变红地球葡萄果实发育的动态规律,只改变其峰值高低;环剥可促进果实生长发育,果实鲜重、纵横径、可溶性固形物含量均显著增加;环剥还有抑制副梢生长,促进新梢老熟和增加老熟节数的作用。     

遥控空拍技术关键问题及其应用

针对遥控空拍技术的技术特点和应用实际，从飞行器的合理选择、系统的市场定位、系统指标的设计、系统的开放性等几个关键问题入手，简要阐述了遥控空拍技术在设计研制过程中面临的主要问题，并列举了遥控空拍技术的几个典型应用实例。