用分数延迟改进基音预测的CELP编码方案

在ＣＥＬＰ编码器中，通常用延迟为抽样间隔整数倍的长项预测器表征浊音语音的准周期性，然而在低比特率，这种限制降低了编码器的性能。本文在介绍了ＣＥＬＰ编码器原理及激励码本构成后，重点研究了一种新型的基音预测方法；分数延迟基音预测，计算机模拟结果表明，这种方法能对浊音进行更准确的表达，尤其对女性讲话者明显改善了语音质量。     

基于神经网络的河道浅滩演变预测模型

河道浅滩演变是一个复杂的非线性动力学过程, 作者借助神经网络处理非线性问题的优势, 在分析影响河道浅滩演变因素的基础上, 建立了预测河道浅淮演变的BP网络模型, 并对模型中的输入因子和样本的提取进行了探讨. 以闽江竹岐至侯官河段为实例,用“试控法”给出了BP网络模型的建模方案, 用正交设计原理选取相应的训练样本集, 利用该样本集对网络进行学习和训练, 并用训练好的BP网络模型预测浅滩上年内最小水深和年平均淤积厚度. 计算结果表明: 模型预测结果与实际值吻合良好. 这为河道浅滩演变预测研究提供了新方法.     

美国COMSTAC/AST卫星发射市场预测

隶属于美国联邦航空管理委员会（FAA）的美国商业航天运输咨询委员会（COMSTAC）和商业航天运输管理协会（AST）在每年的5-6月份都对未来10年的商业卫星发射市场进行预测。2001年该委员会对商业同步轨道（GEO）和非同步轨道（NGEO）的卫星需求和发射需求都进行了预测。     

Simulation of cup-cone fracture using the cohesive model

The cohesive model is used for the prediction of the crack path during stable crack extension in ductile materials. The problem of crack-path deviation is investigated by means of simulation of crack propagation in a round tensile bar. The respective phenomenon is known as cup-cone fracture. It is shown that the model is able to predict the failure mechanism, which consists of normal fracture in the center and combined normal/shear fracture in the so-called “shear lips” at the specimen’s rim. The damage evolution and crack path predicted by the model are presented. The effect of the normal and shear failure parameters on the crack-deflection point and several aspects of the finite element mesh are discussed.     

Thermomechanical fatigue—damage mechanisms and mechanism-based life prediction methods

An existing extensive database on the isothermal and thermomechanical fatigue behaviour of high-temperature titanium alloy EVII 834 and dispersoid-strengthened aluminum alloy X8019 in SiC particle-reinforced as well as unreinv conditions was used to evaluate both the adaptability of fracture mechanics approaches to TMF and the resulting predictive capabilities of determining material life by crack propagation consideration. Selection of the correct microstructural concepts was emphasised and these concepts were, then adjusted by using data from independent experiments in order to avoid any sort of fitting. It is shown that the cyclic /-integral (δJ_eff concept) is suitable to predict the cyclic lifetime for conditions where the total crack propagation rate is approximately identical to pure fatigue crack growth velocity. In the case that crack propagation is strongly affected by creep, the creep-fatigue damage parameter δ_CF introduced by Riedel can be successfully applied. If environmental effects are very pronounced, the accelerating influence of corrosion on fatigue crack propagation can no longer implicitly be taken into account in the fatigue crack growth law. Instead, a linear combination of the crack growth rate contributions from plain fatigue (determined in vacuum) and from environmental attack is assumed and found to yield a satisfactory prediction, if the relevant corrosion process is taken into account.     

宣汉——达县地区飞仙关组储层预测方法研究

在宣汉-达县地区,以往仅依据地震属性来预测飞仙关组储层分布,钻探结果与实际情况不符,为此本文提出量化分析预测结合主参数分析的新方法和新思路。在量化分析中首先对飞仙关组储层进行高分辨率反演,获得储能系数图;然后结合主振幅剖面和主频率剖面分析,对储层进行预测。在研究区,本方法的预测结果与实钻情况相吻合。     

Use of Warranties on Highway Projects: A Real Option Perspective

Since the introduction of warranty provisions in federal highway jobs, more and more state departments of transportation (DOTs) have considered the use of such provisions to protect their initial investment. This paper describes the pros and cons of warranty contracting in highway construction based on a survey of warranty practices in the United States. In particular, the need for state DOTs to buy a warranty for a well-built project is questioned. As an alternative, this paper introduces the warranty option, which gives the DOT the right to buy a warranty only if it becomes necessary at the end of construction. This option is exercised if the performance on site warrants it. This paper describes the mechanics of the warranty option and its advantages over the conventional warranty. A bid evaluation model is also developed for the warranty option approach.     

A Novel Channel Predictor Based on Constrained Hidden Markov Model

1　Introduction　Linkadaptationtechniqueisnowwidelyrecognizedasakeysolutiontoincreasethespectralefficiencyofwire lesssystems[1～ 3] .GPRS ,EDGE ,cdma2 0 0 0andWCDMAallincludelinkadaptationasameanstopro videhigherdatarates[4～ 5] .Torealizethepotentialoflinkadaptation ,reliablechannel predictionisneces sary[6 ] .　Therearemanydifferentchannelpredictionmethodsavailablenow ,suchasLongRangePrediction(LRP) [6 ] ,predictionbasedonsubspacesignalprocess ingalgorithms[7] ,predictionbasedonFinit…     

Contractor-Performed Quality Control: Is the Fox Guarding the Henhouse?

At the same time that state departments of transportation are allowing contractor-performed quality control, they are also concerned about using the contractor-reported data for acceptance and payment purposes. The question is, are we putting the fox in charge of guarding the chickens? To address this concern, a large number of asphalt and concrete projects in Kentucky were examined. The statistical analyses showed that for the most part there is no significant difference between the contractor-performed acceptance data and concomitant highway agency-performed verification data. This is obviously a very encouraging finding that is expected to enhance the level of trust between the contractors and highway agencies.     

最大似然反褶积软件包的研制与应用

本文简明地介绍最大似然反褶积的基本原理、软件包的研制过程和应用效果。 最大似然反褶积是美国80年代研究出的一种地震资料处理新方法,它有效地解决了传统褶积模型中无法进行信噪分离的矛盾。经松辽盆地实践证明,它可以求出高分辨率和高信噪比的反射系数、最小相位化子波、合成记录、相对层速度和绝对层速度。与国外的VELOG和SEISLOG处理软件的处理结果相比,分辨率和信噪比均有很大的提高。 在软件包的研制过程中,我们主要解决了数学模型复杂和运算速度慢的问题,使最大似然反褶积在CYBER-855S计算机上成为可实用的数字处理技术。 该项技术在大庆油田朝阳沟地区进行了初步应用,结果表明,对薄层地震响应的分辨能力有明显的提高。与井岩性柱状图对比,6m以上的砂层都可以分辨出来,并且对应得比较准确。有些3m的薄层也可以找到。 该软件包的研制成功并在地震资料处理中得到应用,这在国内是首创。