TiB_2基陶瓷材料的研发进展与展望

二硼化钛(TiB2)的综合性能优异,熔点和硬度高,热稳定性与抗氧化性能好,作为优异的硬质相在复合材料、金属陶瓷等新材料领域被公认为极具推广价值和应用前景的高新技术材料,受到科研人员的高度关注.该文从TiB2基复合材料和TiB2基金属陶瓷两个方面进行综合评述,重点介绍近年来TiB2基金属陶瓷和TiB2复合材料的研究现状和水平,展示其制备思路和良好性能;并且特别指出其发展方向将包括选择合适的复合材料体系,探索合适的复合工艺,寻找合适的中间化合物,开发性能优异的复合型粘结剂和进一步降低生产成本.深信,随着新材料的设计和制备技术的发展,TiB2的应用必将越来越广泛.     

碳纳米管-TiB2陶瓷基复合材料的制备与性能研究

研究了用热压烧结(HP)方法制备TiB2-xwt%CNTs-5wt%Ni(x=0.1、0.3、0.5、1、4)复合材料的工艺条件、力学性能和微观结构.用XRD研究了其相组成,用SEM观察了复合材料的断口形貌和裂纹扩展.研究表明碳纳米管的加入使复合材料的硬度、弯曲强度和断裂韧性得到明显的提高,并且在碳纳米管含量为0.5wt%左右时,复合材料的硬度达到20.5GPa,弯曲强度为496MPa,断裂韧性达7.25MPa·m1/2;断口形貌分析表明碳纳米管主要分布于TiB2颗粒的晶界处,复合材料的增韧机制主要是碳纳米管的拔出机制和桥联机制.     

SELF-PROPAGATING HIGH-TEMPERATURE REDUCTIVE SYNTHESIS OF TiB_2 CERAMIC POWDER

SHS method with reductive process wasused to synthesize TiB_2 ceramic powder from B_2O_3-TiO_2-Mgsystem. X-ray diffraction, SEM and Image analysis wereused to analyse microstructure of TiB_2 powder and comparewith microstructure of TiB_2 fabricated by SHS elements syn-thesis from Ti B system. The results show that TiB_2 powderfabricated by SHS reductive synthesis is finer (about 1.5μm), uniformer and free-agglomerate.     

Effect of Ti/B Additions on the Formation of Al3 Ti of in situ TiB2/Al Composites

ParticulatereinforcedMetalMatrixComposites(MMCs)showgreatpotentialforstrUctUralmaterialsduetotheirpromisingspecificstrengthandmodlllus.AmongthenumeroustechnologiesproducingparticulatereinforcedMMCs,thoseallowinginsituproductionofthereinforcementoffer...     

燃烧合成法制备TiB2-Al2O3复相陶瓷的组织结构及形成过程分析

采用自蔓延燃烧合成法在室温下的空气中制备出了TiB2-Al2O3复相陶瓷,通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析表明,合成的产物纯净,无中间相,TiB2的形貌为规则的块状,晶粒细小,平均尺寸为(2～5 μm),弥散的分布在晶粒较大的Al2O3(40～50 μm)四周,而Al2O3的形状不是很规则.该反应不同于一般的元素直接合成,而是由熔化-还原-化合组成的三步反应过程构成.     

Colloidal Alumina-bonded TiB_2 Coating on Cathode Carbon Blocks in Aluminum Cells

In order to solve the serious pollution of industrial altunintim electfolysis cell, the researchand development of the usage of inert anode andcathode has an importal significance. However, the lltilization of inert anode is not successful yet, the using of titanium diboride as a mixtUre of carbon for use as the ineft cathode prepared by coating TiB,-C mixtllfe for the electfolysis of altunina in Hall-Heroult cell is wellknownll--6]. With such a cathode, a large savingin the production cost …     

The dispersion mechanism of TiB2 ceramic phase in molten aluminium and its alloys

Titanium diboride (TiB₂) ceramic particulates are dispersed in molten aluminium and its alloys for grain refining and for making cast metal–matrix composites. For producing cast MMC, the dispersion of the ceramic phase via in-situ aluminothermic reduction of K₂TiF₆ and KBF₄ flux mixture with molten aluminium and, via the addition of exogenously formed TiB₂ with the fluoride flux has been studied at 900°C. In this article, the aspects of interfacial energy that govern the dispersion and agglomeration of TiB₂ particulates are examined. The Gibbs-adsorption interface equation is particularly employed to define and to quantify the change in the surface energy as a function of the alloying element concentration and, consequently the effect of interfacial energy on the nucleation rate of TiB₂ formed via metallothermic reduction reaction and the size of the ceramic phase is also explained.     

原位自生(TiB+La_2O_3)/TC4钛基复合材料的显微组织和力学性能

利用钛与镧、硼单质之间的原位反应,经真空自耗电弧熔炼与后续的热加工工艺制备了增强体含量不同的(TiB+La2O3)/TC4钛基复合材料,并研究了它的显微组织和室温拉伸性能。结果表明:该复合材料的基体为网篮状组织,增强体分布均匀,其中TiB呈短纤维状并沿加工方向分布,La2O3呈短棒状或颗粒状;与基体TC4合金相比,复合材料的室温抗拉强度均有所提高,且随着TiB与La2O3增强体含量的增多而增大,增强体起到了较好的增强作用;复合材料的拉伸断裂方式均为韧性断裂。     

TC4合金渗硼层TiB和TiB_2价电子结构与渗层硬化

计算了TiB与TiB2的价电子结构,研究了TiB、TiB2的价电子结构与TC4合金渗硼层硬化的关系。研究发现:TC4合金渗硼层的TiB2和TiB相中B-B原子键合力最强,且远大于合金基体组成原子的键合力;TiB2相最强共价键的共价电子对数nTiB2为A 0.5554,TiB相最强共价键的共价电子对数nTiB A为0.4042,因此TiB2相对基体的硬化作用更强;TiB2相的原子状态组数σN为123,而TiB相的原子状态组数σN为19,所以TiB2相的稳定性更高;由相成键能力F的计算可知,从热力学角度看,渗层中TiB应比TiB2多;共价键空间分布决定了TiB晶体易沿[010]晶向生长成短纤维状,而TiB2相易于生成高对称性的粒状或球状,故TiB2比TiB更有利于硬化基体。     

7075-TiB_2原位铝基复合材料的腐蚀性能

采用动电位极化试验研究了7075-TiB2铝基复合材料的腐蚀行为。结果表明,该复合材料的腐蚀率与TiB2颗粒的比例成对应关系,而这主要与由原位TiB2颗粒引起的位错密度的增加有关。选择性点蚀具有晶粒间非对称的特点,主要归因于由TiB2颗粒与铝基体的热膨胀系数错配所致的局部位错密度不同。晶间腐蚀易于发生于大角度晶界,而特殊晶界和小角度晶界则表现出耐腐蚀性。晶内TiB2颗粒及其与铝基体的界面均无腐蚀发生。沿晶TiB2颗粒与晶界交汇的界面受晶间腐蚀的影响。