表面脱β层梯度结构硬质合金研究进展

随着涂层技术在硬质合金领域的日益广泛应用,制备可防止涂层裂纹向基体扩展的具有表面脱立方相碳化物(即β相)的梯度结构的硬质合金基体成为需要。文中概述了此类结构合金的形成机理、影响因素以及发展现状和方向等。     

超细硬质合金WC-8Co-0.8(Cr_3C_2/TaC)的组织与性能

以超细WC-8Co硬质合金为研究对象,混合添加晶粒长大抑制剂Cr3C2/TaC。结果表明,合金在添加0.8wt%Cr3C2/TaC时的TRS达到3675MPa,而在添加0.5wt%和1.0wt%Cr3C2/TaC时的TRS降到2120MPa;Cr3C2/TaC在很大程度上影响了合金烧结时的致密化,WC-8Co-0.8wt%(Cr3C2/TaC)压坯在1400℃下完全致密化需要的烧结时间为60分钟;而同类普通WC-8Co-0.8wt%(Cr3C2/TaC)的压坯,由于没有超细粉末的高表面能,烧结60分钟后密度只能达到理论密度的98.8%;TaC和Cr3C2对W在γ相中的固溶度具有相反的作用。     

合金元素对堆焊焊缝硬度的影响

研究了堆焊焊缝的硬度及碳化物分布，分析了C、Nb、Ti、V对硬度的影响，优选了一种硬度高、碳化物分布均匀的堆焊焊缝。结果表明，V对提高硬度有明显作用，但其碳化物易沿晶界析出；Ti、Nb促进碳化物均匀分布，但含量过高会形成大量碳化物，反而降低焊缝硬度。     

Effect of binder-phase modification and Cr3C2 addition on properties of WC-IOC0 cemented carbide

For production of fine-grained and corrosion-resistant tungsten carbide (WC) based cemented carbides, addition of chromium carbide (Cr₃3C₂) in small amounts is standard practice. No systematic study, however, has been made of the effects of large additions (maximum 6 wt % ) of Cr₃C₂ as a substitute for tungsten carbide. This study focuses on the effect of hard-phase substitution by C₃C₂ in WC-1OCo cemented carbide. An attempt is also made to modify the binder metal cobalt by partial or complete substitution of nickel. Specimens were prepared using the standard liquid-phase sintering process and were tested for sintered porosity, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and microstructural parameters. Results confirm the findings of earlier workers regarding grain refinement and improvement of mechanical properties upon the addition of small amounts (<2 wt%) of Cr₃C₂. Modification of the binder phase improves indentation fracture toughness and corrosion resistance. Addition of Cr₃C₂ independent of the binder type improves corrosion resistance.     

Investigation of wetting behaviour of hardenable copper based-alloys for brazing applications

ABSTRACT

Tools for machining are exposed to high loads, wear, and elevated temperatures. Commonly, such tools consist of cemented carbides and tool steel. To combine the advantages of both materials, high-quality-joints with high strengths are desired. When brazing these materials, the main challenge is the mismatch of the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) and the poor wettability of cemented carbides by molten filler alloys. In this regard, the feasibility of two custom-made alloys (CuNi12Si5, CuNi12Si5B0.4) was analysed. Besides being a cost-efficient alternative, these alloys offer the possibility to modify their mechanical properties by precipitation hardening to reduce stresses within the final joints. Thus, this paper shows that a temperature of 1060°C is suitable for wetting and brazing tests on different substrates.     

Rheologic behavior and PIM processing of WC-TiC-Co powder feedstock

An improved wax-based binder was developed for the powder injection molding (PIM) of WC-TiC-Co cemented carbides. The critical powder loading and the rheologic behavior of the feedstock were determined. It was found that the critical powder loading could achieve up to 62.5% (volume fraction) and the feedstock exhibited a pseudo-plastic flow behavior. The injection molding, debinding and sintering processes were studied. The dimension deviation of the sintered samples could be controlled in the range of ±0.2% with the optimized processing parameters and the mechanical properties were better than or equivalent to those of the same alloy made by conventional press-sintering process.     

Co-W-C系合金的磁性及其应用

研究了Co粉、Co－W－C固溶体合金及WC－Co硬质合金的饱和磁化强度和矫顽磁力，提出了比娇顽磁力（Hsc）物理量。结果表明，用比饱和磁化强度4πσ和比娇顽磁力Hsc分别取代饱和磁化强度Ms和矫顽磁力Hc表征该系合金的磁性更为合理；该系合金的磁性受多种因素制约，其磁性与合金碳含量间不存在“单一性”对应关系，Ms值与抗弯强度σbb间也无“良好的”对应关系；用Ms鉴定硬质合金的碳含量和综合评估合金材质，例如鉴定人造金刚石生产专用硬质合金顶锤的材质是有条件和有限度的。     

Friction and the development of hard alloy surface microstructures during wear

Investigations of wear in sliding friction of WC-Hadfield steel hard alloy against cast tool steel have been carried out in a broad range of velocities and pressure values. Structural and phase composition variations have been revealed. Friction-affected zone was found to be 450 μm in depth. Structural γ → α, γ → transformation regions are located within 100 μm of the surface. These transformations contributed to the total solid solution deformation hardening.     

WC-Co硬质合金的相转变

用高温 X射线衍射装置对低碳 WC- 2 0 Co合金混合料进行了从室温到130 0℃连续升温过程的动态相转变研究。结果表明 ,以低碳 WC粉为原料的 WC- Co系合金在真空烧结升温过程中是通过钨和碳原子的扩散作用消耗原料中的游离态钴和WC(90 0℃以下是 W2 C和单质钨 )进行的脱碳型不平衡相转变。除 90 0℃以下由原料中的 W2 C(和单质钨 )及游离态钴生成η1 相外 ,10 0 0℃以上升温过程中生成的高温相η化合物和金属间化合物与原料中固有的 W2 C(和单质钨 )含量无关 ,也与钴的同素异构相变无关。烧结降温期间高温相通过增碳作用平衡转变成游离态钴和 WC,室温合金中的η1 相含量完全取决于原料中 W2 C(和单质钨 )的含量