剪切场下聚合物结晶形态学研究进展

聚合物熔体被引入剪切场后，会发生与静态下不同的结晶现象。微观上可以得到伸直链晶体、片晶及串晶；宏观上除了静态下典型的球晶外，还能观察到球晶的变形和柱晶等。另外，剪切还可以使晶体发生晶型转变。本文对聚合物熔体在剪切场下结晶形态学的研究进展进行了介绍。     

Compomer的摩擦磨损特性

采用Compoglass，F2000，Elan，Dyract AP4种牙科用复合体材料(Compomer)，对其玻璃颗粒含量和表面硬度进行了测量，并在球一盘往复摩擦磨损试验机上考察了它们的摩擦磨损特性。结果表明：F2000的摩擦系数最高，Elan的摩擦系数次之，Compoglass和DyractAP的摩擦系数分别为第三和第四．摩擦系数随玻璃颗粒含量的增加而增加．在同样试验条件下，低摩擦系数的DyractAP和Compoglass与高摩擦系数的F2000和Elan相比具有较好的耐磨性．磨损机理主要表现为由玻璃颗粒脆性断裂引起的玻璃颗粒脱落和磨粒磨损。     

公寓管理与大学生行为习惯的养成

高校学生公寓是学生学习、生活的重要场所，引导学生养成良好的行为习惯有助于学生公寓管理工作的顺利开展。文章从维护高校稳定、增强大学生的法律意识和法制观念、促进大学生自我发展、实现学生公寓“管理”、“育人”职能等方面论述学生行为习惯养成的重要性，并从制度建设、环境教育、文化熏陶、组织保障等方面提出具体对策措施。     

Physical Maltreatment Victim to Antisocial Child: Evidence of an Environmentally Mediated Process.

The well-documented finding that child physical maltreatment predicts later antisocial behavior has at least 2 explanations: (a) Physical maltreatment causes antisocial behavior, and (b) genetic factors transmitted from parents to children influence the likelihood that parents will be abusive and that children will engage in antisocial behavior. The authors tested these hypotheses in the representative Environmental-Risk cohort of 1,116 twin pairs and their families, who were assessed when the twins were 5 and 7 years old. Mothers reported on children's experience of physical maltreatment, and mothers and teachers reported on children's antisocial behavior. The findings support the hypothesis that physical maltreatment plays a causal role in the development of children's antisocial behavior and that preventing maltreatment can prevent its violent sequelae. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Donald Redfield Griffin (1915-2003).

Presents an obituary for Donald Redfield Griffin, who passed away on November 7, 2003. Dr. Griffin was noted for rigorous research in animal behavior, founding the field of cognitive ethology and suggesting that animals have subjective feelings and conscious thoughts that are amenable to scientific study. Dr. Griffin demonstrated that bats emit high-frequency sounds with which they can locate objects as small as flying insects and coined the term echolocation, and he conducted extensive studies of the manner in which birds orient toward home. Many scientists were influenced by him and showed great respect for this remarkable scientist. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The Dark Side of Relational Pursuit: From Attraction to Obsession and Stalking,.

Review declaring pleasant surprise with this relatively short book on stalking. It contains 164 pages of text, and provides a thorough context for understanding and treating stalking behavior, including a focus on both victim and perpetrator. The book is divided into five chapters. The first of these defines the nature of stalking behavior. Stalking is defined as harmful conduct, which involves unwanted communication and repeated unwanted intrusion by one individual upon another. The review notes that stalking behavior has three defining characteristics--(a) relentless and persistent contact, which is (b) unwanted and (c) adverse to the recipient. It is further observed that there is no single motive for stalking, nor any specific psychological profile for the personality of stalkers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Direct current bias applied to hot flame diamond deposition produces smooth low friction coatings

As-deposited diamond coatings generally have a high surface roughness which results in a high friction coefficient and extensive wear of the counter material in sliding contact. Therefore several methods for smoothening diamond coatings have been proposed, such as laser polishing, molten metal etching, thermochemical polishing and mechanical polishing. All these methods have some disadvantage e.g. long processing time or high processing temperature. Furthermore, they are all post-deposition treatments i.e. the manufacture of these coatings requires at least two processing steps, deposition and smoothening. With the present method which combines d.c. bias with hot flame diamond deposition, a smooth diamond surface is produced during the actual growth of the film. No post-deposition treatment is necessary. The surface roughness is not dependent on the coating thickness which means that thick coatings with smooth surface can be produced. In fact, the method has a smoothening effect, i.e. rough surfaces can be made smooth. The method is comparable to conventional hot flame deposition of diamond as to growth rate and cost of producing the coatings. The coatings have a nano-crystalline structure and a surface roughness of Ra = 25 nm, and result in a friction coefficient of 0.1 or less in dry sliding and about 0.05 in water-lubricated sliding against cemented carbide. Their wear resistance is virtually the same as that of conventional diamond films.     

基于马尔可夫决策过程的电动汽车充电行为分析

针对电动汽车充电行为不确定性问题,建立了基于出行链理论的电动汽车出行及电池电量变化模型,提出了引入马尔可夫决策过程（Markov decision processes, MDP）的电动汽车用户充电行为分析方法。该方法将用户充电行为作为马尔可夫决策集,根据车辆在各区域间的转移概率构造状态转移矩阵,设置用户满意度指标作为决策过程报酬函数,通过求解有限阶段总报酬准则得到电动汽车用户在每个决策点处的最优充电决策。算例部分根据抽取电动汽车特征量数据进行马尔可夫决策过程仿真,得出充电负荷的时间与空间分布情况,通过与传统蒙特卡洛方法进行对比表明该文所提方法可以较好地模拟用户整个出行过程中的充电行为,反映充电需求的时空分布特点;同时,分析了不同区域、不同停车时长情况下电动汽车的不同充电行为,能够为电动汽车充电桩的规划建设提供参考。     

常压H2气氛烧结W-TiC合金的致密化行为和性能

采用粉末冶金方法在常压H2气氛下制备W-TiC合金,研究W-TiC合金的烧结致密化行为,并对合金的性能和组织结构进行分析.结果表明:添加微量强化烧结元素可改善W-TiC合金的烧结活性,在1700℃烧结120min后其相对密度达到99.2％;随着烧结温度的升高,W-TiC合金的拉伸强度提高,在2000℃烧结120 min...     

低活化马氏体钢热变形行为及机理型本构建模研究

利用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机研究了低活化马氏体钢在变形温度为850～950 ℃、应变速率为0.001～1 s^-1条件下的热变形行为。建立了流变应力本构方程,并评估了该方程的预测能力。绘制了低活化马氏体钢在不同应变下的热加工图。结果表明：在较高的应变速率条件下,该材料主要发生动态回复,在较高变形温度和较低应变速率下具有明显的动态再结晶特征;本构方程的预测结果与实验结果符合良好;变形温度870～930 ℃、应变速率0.001～0.01 s^-1和变形温度920～950 ℃、应变速率0.3～1 s^-1分别是真应变为0.4和0.6下最优的热加工区域。