Flow Resistance Law in Channels with Flexible Submerged Vegetation

In this paper, experimental data collected in a straight flume having a bed covered by grasslike vegetation have been used to analyze flow resistance for flexible submerged elements. At first, the measurements are used to test the applicability of Kouwen’s method. Then, a calibration of two coefficients appearing in the semilogarithmic flow resistance equation is carried out. Finally, applying the Π-theorem and the incomplete self-similarity condition, a flow resistance equation linking the friction factor with the shear Reynolds number, the depth-vegetation height ratio and the inflection degree is deduced.     

浅析影响SCR法铸坯质量的因素

分析了SCR连铸连轧工艺生产铜银合金导线时,铸坯凝固的热阻界、铸模的传热条件、铸坯组织的控制对产品质量的影响。     

Interface Characteristics and Laboratory Constructability Tests of Novel Fiber-Reinforced Polymer/Concrete Piles

Conventional pile materials such as steel, concrete, and timber are prone to deterioration for many reasons. Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) concrete composites represent an alternative construction material for deep foundations that can eliminate many of the performance disadvantages of traditional piling materials. However, FRP composites present several difficulties related to constructability, and the lack of design tools for their implementation as a foundation element. This paper describes the results of an experimental study on frictional FRP/dense sand interface characteristics and the constructability of FRP–concrete composite piles. An innovative toe driving technique is developed to install the empty FRP shells in the soil and self-consolidating concrete is subsequently cast in them. The experimental program involves interface shear tests on small FRP samples and uplift load tests on large-scale model piles. Two different FRP pile materials with different roughness and a reference steel pile are examined. Static uplift load tests are conducted on different piles installed in soil samples subjected to different confining pressures in the pressure chamber. The results showed that the interface friction for FRP materials compared favorably with conventional steel material. It was shown that toe driving is suitable for installation of FRP piles in dense soils.     

Analysis of nuclear proliferation resistance

All the civil nuclear energy systems could contribute to the proliferation risk that weapons-usable material might be diverted or misused for the weapons purpose by terrorists or states. Proliferation-resistant nuclear energy systems are of great importance for the peaceful use of nuclear energy by impeding the diversion or undeclared production of weapons-usable material by states. Since the National Alternative Systems Assessment Program (NASAP) carried out the assessment of proliferation resistance of the civil nuclear energy systems in late 1970s, several comprehensive studies have been performed, including the International Nuclear Fuel Cycle Evaluation (INFCE) by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the Spent Fuel Standard by the United States National Academy of Science, the Technical Opportunities for Increasing the Proliferation Resistance of Global Civilian Nuclear Power Systems (TOPS) by the United States Department of Energy, the International Project on Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel Cycles (INPRO) Methodology by the IAEA, and the Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems (Gen IV) by the Gen IV International Forum. However, all these studies appear lack in the interpretation of country-specific proliferation risk that is arbitrary imposed to the specific countries by major nuclear weapons states, even though the countries are members of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). This paper outlines the assessments of proliferation resistance of the above studies, points out the country-specific proliferation risk, and suggests further studies to increase the proliferation resistance of the civil nuclear energy systems in the specific NPT member countries such as South Korea.     

饱和土中大直径嵌岩桩纵向振动特性研究

根据B iot饱和土理论和R ay le igh-Love杆理论,计及土层及桩的径向运动影响,导出了考虑横向惯性效应的端承桩与饱和土的纵向耦合振动频域的解析解和时域半解析解,对比了考虑与不考虑横向惯性效应时,大直径嵌岩桩纵向振动引起的土层复阻抗的异同以及桩顶导纳和时域反射的特征。研究表明:长径比越小,横向惯性效应越明显,而泊松比和激振频率对饱和土层阻抗及桩顶响应也有重要影响。通过工程实例对比表明,当桩的长径比较小时,用考虑横向惯性效应的计算方法可以得到更好的拟合效果。     

HK40钢的渗铝新工艺及抗碳化腐蚀性能研究

采用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线能谱分析仪(EDAX)等仪器设备研究了HK40钢的渗铝及其抗碳化腐蚀能力.试验结果表明,通过调整渗剂中特种添加剂与铝粉的比例和渗铝温度等工艺参数,可达到控制渗铝层相组成的目的.与传统一段法固体粉末渗铝工艺相比,两段法固体粉末渗铝工艺可提高渗速约60%.HK40钢的渗铝层由NiAl相和Ni3Al相组成时,其抗碳化腐蚀能力得到明显提高.     

AZ91D镁合金的触变成形及其磨损性能的研究

研究了加热时间和模具预热温度对AZ91D镁合金触变成形性、组织和磨损性能的影响。结果表明,适合AZ91D镁合金触变成形的最佳加热时间为90min(在585℃),模具预热温度为350℃;在此工艺条件下,初生相颗粒较圆整、粒度较小,组织最致密,相应地,其耐磨性也最好;与金属型铸造相比,明显地提高了耐磨性。     

WC和Nb对氩弧熔覆Ni60+WC+Nb合金层组织和耐磨性的影响

采用氩弧熔覆工艺在4Cr13钢上分别熔覆Ni60、Ni60+WC和Ni60+WC+Nb系合金。比较各种材料熔覆层的显微组织、显微硬度和耐磨性。结果表明,材料的表面硬度和耐磨性等都随WC含量的增加得到很大地提高,而Nb含量的增加对硬度和耐磨性的影响不明显。     

微弧氧化与磁控溅射复合处理的钛合金表面耐磨性研究

微弧氧化处理后的钛合金,表面形成的多微孔氧化膜可使其摩擦因数降低且耐磨性得到提高,但这还不能满足某些使用要求.在微弧氧化的基础上再利用脉冲偏压式磁控溅射技术在钛合金表面沉积氮化钛涂层.球-盘磨损试验表明,与微弧氧化相比,其摩擦因数进一步降低且耐磨性进一步提高,这主要是沉积富钛氮化钛使氧化膜的微孔得到了部分或全封闭的覆盖.     

铜表面修饰硅烷膜在碱性溶液中的耐蚀性能研究

为了提高铜的耐蚀性,用自组装技术在铜表面上制备了3-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPTS)自组装膜. 利用红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜研究了该膜的结构,运用极化曲线和交流阻抗图谱等电化学方法考察了 MPTS膜在0.5 mol/L NaOH溶液中对铜电极的缓蚀性能.结果表明,MPTS在铜表面可能以化学吸附方式强烈吸附到铜表面, 同时在表面以Si-O-Si键自我交联形成了线性低聚物, MPTS浓度越高, 其膜更致密.与裸铜电极相比,经MPTS修饰后的铜的腐蚀电位正移200 mV, 腐蚀电流降低一个数量级,其缓蚀效率为86.5%.