Role of platinum in the Na2SO4-Induced hot corrosion resistance of aluminum duffusion coatings

Electrochemical corrosion measurements have been carried out with Pt-containing and Pt-free Al-diffusion coatings on IN 738 LC in a 90Na₂SO₄+ 10K₂SO₄ (mol%) melt at 1173 K. Pt improves the resistance to basic fluxing while there are no significant differences between both coating types in their resistance to acidic fluxing. The corrosion resistance of the Pt-containing coating is also higher in the passive potential region where protective scales rich in Al₂O₃ are formed. The reason for the different behavior of both coating types appears to be related to the high corrosion resistance of the Pt-rich surface layer of the coating and an increased Al₂O₃ content in the scale of the Pt-containing type.     

304不锈钢在室温HCl+NaCl溶液中的应力腐蚀机理

304不锈钢在室温HCl+NaCl溶液中可发生活化态下的应力腐蚀开裂(SCC).XPS成分分析表明:在酸性氯化物溶液中,试样表面形成了一层富铬的吸附产物膜,应力腐蚀裂纹的形核与这层膜的形成和Cl一局部富集有关.     

酸性气氛下钢筋混凝土结构腐蚀行为及其机理

对工业酸性气氛环境下经过10年使用的工厂钢筋混凝土采样,用EDS、XRD和SEM,以及力学性能测试等手段观测了钢筋的腐蚀产物成分和基体成分、混凝土的主要化学组成、微观形貌结构及钢筋的力学性能;另外,还定量分析了钢筋混凝土所处的大气环境中主要腐蚀性气体的含量进行了定量分析.结果表明,含S的酸性气体在箍筋表面的吸附与沉积是钢筋混凝土遭受破坏的主要原因,钢筋腐蚀的发生与C l-诱发的点蚀不同;大量酸性含S及CO2的气体导致混凝土的水泥水化产物和其微观结构发生了变化,特别是含S气体的存在对钢筋混凝土的中性化起重要作用.     

酸性表面调整工艺对彩涂产品性能的影响

为了获得高质量的涂层钢板，通过一系列的试验研究工作，从微观和宏观两方面证实了彩涂板涂敷前处理工艺中的酸性表面调整处理可提高彩涂板的抗剥离性能和耐蚀能力。     

微酸性电解水在水产品保鲜加工中的应用研究进展

目的 对微酸性电解水在水产品保鲜加工中的应用研究进展进行总结,为后续研究提供理论参考。方法 在介绍微酸性电解水制备原理与作用机制的基础上,围绕该技术在水产品保鲜加工中的应用研究进展予以阐述,提出存在问题与解决办法。结果 水产品经微酸性电解水处理后,可明显抑制水产品中的微生物生长,延缓pH值升高,改善保水性能,保持产品色泽,提升质构特性。然而,随着消费者对水产品品质要求的不断提高,仅使用微酸性电解水处理并非理想的方式,可结合其他理化与生物保鲜技术,以提升微酸性电解水的综合作用效果。结论 微酸性电解水在水产品保鲜加工中占有一定优势,且能结合其他处理方式提升其在水产品杀菌保鲜与品质保持等方面的加工效率。     

Characterization and evaluating the mechanical performance of halloysite nanotubes reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene/polycarbonate composites exposed to aggressive environmental conditions

Developing light weight polymer based composites dispersed with novel reinforcements which can function well in the presence of aggressive environments is an active research field in the materials engineering. Hence, in the current work, halloysite nanotubes (1 %, 2 %, 4 %, 6 %, 8 % and 10 % by weight) were reinforced into acrylonitrile butadiene styrene/polycarbonate blend and the role of reinforcing phases on the mechanical performance under aggressive environmental conditions has been evaluated. Hardness was measured as gradually increased in the composites with the increased content of the reinforcements. Impact strength of the composites was observed as increased in the composites up to 4 % reinforcement and further decreased. Increased strength was measured for the composite up to 2 % reinforcement. Ductility of the composites was decreased as reflected form the decreased % of elongation with the higher fraction of reinforcements due to induced brittleness. The composites were exposed to diluted sulfuric acid for 3 h and 6 h at 60 °C and then subjected to tensile loading. With the increased time of exposure, composites with 1 % and 2 % reinforcement exhibited relatively better performance.     

Preparation of acidic or bifunctional catalysts by means of straightforward calcination of as-synthesized [Ga]-ZSM-5 zeolites obtained from alkali-free media. Propane aromatization

Propane aromatization (530°C, 1 atm) was used as a reaction model to evaluate the effect of the calcination temperature on the catalytic properties of an as-synthesized [Ga_1.3]-ZSM-5 zeolite obtained from alkali-free media and calcined at two different temperatures: 530°C (C-530) and 750°C (C-750). Results show that in spite of its lower acidity, C-750 is more active and selective toward aromatics than C-530. This is probably due to the fact that at higher temperature the decomposition of organic compounds used during the zeolite synthesis is accompanied by a partial degalliation of the zeolitic support leading to the production of a bifunctional xGa₂O₃ /H-[Ga_y-ZSM-5(2x+y=1.3)catalyst.     

酸性蒽醌绿合成新工艺的研究

由1,4,5,8—四羟基蒽醌和对甲苯胺为主要原料,在一个反应器内同时完成了缩合和磺化两步单元反应,合成酸性蒽醌绿染料,并对其反应条件对产物收率的影响进行了研究,确定了最佳合成工艺条件(反应时间16 h、反应温度120℃、原料的配比1:2.2)。     

印制电路板孔金属化相关研究

对印制电路板孔金属化所用胶体钯的性质、从废胶体钯溶液中回收金属Pd的工艺方法及染料对酸性镀铜液的均镀能力和深镀能力的影响等进行了研究。结果表明：在回收钯工艺中采用加热破胶法可使金属Pd的回收率达98．79％；添加剂对胶体钯￡电位有着直接影响，且Na2SnO4和香草醛对胶体钯的稳定性具有一定作用；并对镀层整平性和光亮性以及镀液均镀和深镀能力进行分析比较，确定了实验范围内的最佳染料添加剂是亚甲基蓝和罗丹明B，其均镀能力分别为75．05％和68．42％，深镀能力分别为85％和88％。     

钨酸催化氧化环己酮合成己二酸

以钨酸-有机酸性添加剂为催化体系,在无有机溶剂和相转移剂的情况下,催化30%过氧化氢氧化环己酮合成己二酸。当钨酸∶有机酸性添加剂∶环己酮∶过氧化氢=11∶4∶01∶76(摩尔比,钨酸用量为2.5mmol)时,使用有机酸性添加剂来调节钨酸催化活性,结果表明以钨酸-磺酸水杨酸氧化环己酮效果最优,反应8h时己二酸分离产率达86.8%、纯度为99.9%;以间苯二酚或邻苯二酚为添加剂时,己二酸分离产率分别达到85.9%和84.5%,纯度约为100%;而不使用任何添加剂时,己二酸分离产率只有68.1%、纯度为95.2%。当使用磺酸水杨酸、草酸等为有机酸性添加剂时,随反应时间的延长,己二酸分离产率均升高。当磺酸水杨酸用量为2.5mmol时,己二酸分离产率和纯度均较高。钨酸-磺酸水杨酸和钨酸-草酸催化体系重复使用5次后,己二酸分离产率仍分别可达80.2%和80.9%。