Influence of high concentration Zn2+ on floatability of sphalerite in acidic system

The influence of high concentration Zn²⁺ on the floatability of sphalerite in an acidic system was investigated via flotation experiments, zeta potential measurements, contact angle measurements, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicated that Zn²⁺ was adsorbed on the sphalerite surface and a Zn-hydroxyl complex was formed at a pH of 4 and a Zn²⁺ concentration of 4×10⁻² mol/L. The zeta potential increased and the contact angle decreased from 84.80° to 36.48°, strongly inhibiting the floatability of sphalerite. When S²⁻ or Cu²⁺ activator was used alone, sphalerite was not activated after Zn²⁺ was adsorbed, and its contact angle did not change significantly. However, by using a combination of S²⁻ and Cu²⁺ activators, its floatability was realized after Zn²⁺ adsorption. This result was attributed to the removal of the Zn-hydroxyl complex on the surface of sphalerite by S²⁻. After this removal, Cu²⁺ was adsorbed on the sphalerite surface to form a Cu₂S·S⁰ hydrophobic film.     

超高压变压器油中酸类物质的生成规律和变压器热老化状况分析

为了防止变压器突发性恶性事故发生,探寻更为准确地评估超高压变压器油纸绝缘老化状态和预测变压器剩余寿命的方法意义重大。为此,在130℃下进行了变压器油纸绝缘加速热老化实验,同时跟踪测定变压器油中的酸值、糠醛含量和介质损耗因数,分析模拟老化条件下生成酸类物质的规律,并与变压器老化特征量糠醛和油介质损耗因数的变化规律进行了对比分析。实验结果表明:在变压器油纸绝缘热老化过程中,老化生成酸性物质的反应分为反应诱导阶段和反应发展阶段。在老化反应进入诱导阶段后期,油中糠醛的含量下降,此后,油中的糠醛含量便不能正确反映变压器纸绝缘的老化状况。在老化反应的发展阶段,其反应速率常数是诱导阶段的约5~11倍。老化过程中变压器油中酸值的变化和介质损耗因数的变化具有良好的相关性,生成酸类物质反应速率的快速增加,与变压器油的绝缘性快速下降相一致。结果初步表明跟踪测定变压器老化过程油中酸值的变化,可更为准确地评估变压器油纸绝缘的老化。     

酸性镀锌溶液中氯化锌的分析方法

制定了测定酸性镀锌溶液中氯化锌的新方法。在pH=5.4的条件下用抗坏血酸掩蔽镀液中的亚铁离子,用氟化铵掩蔽铝离子,用硫脲掩蔽铜离子,以二甲酚橙作指示剂,用EDTA标准滴定溶液滴定锌。实验表明,本法的相对平均偏差为0.09%,回收率为99.24%,精密度和回收率都较高。     

201型不锈钢在酸性食物模拟环境中的腐蚀行为

采用沸腾的4%(质量分数,下同)HAc和4%HAc+0.4%NaCl溶液来模拟酸性食物环境,研究了201型Cr-Mn系不锈钢的腐蚀行为与金属元素的溶出特征。电化学阻抗谱、ICP-AES(电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱)和XPS测量结果表明,试样在这两种模拟环境中均处于钝化腐蚀状态,金属元素铁和锰在浸泡初期会发生优先腐蚀溶出而形成保护性富铬钝化膜;金属元素的稳定溶出速率从大到小顺序为:FeMnCrNi,但溶出速率值均很小。酸性食物环境中添加适量Cl-对金属元素的稳定腐蚀与溶出速率的作用很小。     

Sc添加对铸造Al-3Cu-1Li合金在酸性NaCl溶液中腐蚀行为的影响

在2 mol/L NaCl酸性溶液中,研究少量Sc对铸态Al-3Cu-1Li合金腐蚀行为的影响。通过XRD对铸态Al-3Cu-1Li-xSc（质量分数）合金进行相分析,用FE-SEM/EDS和TEM观察了Al-3Cu-1Li合金和Al-3Cu-1Li-0.5Sc合金的显微组织;采用极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱（EIS）、电化学噪声（EN）和浸泡法对合金的腐蚀行为进行了研究,并探讨腐蚀机制。结果表明：含Sc的Al-3Cu-1Li合金晶内富Cu球形相减少,晶界析出W相。随Sc含量的增加,合金腐蚀反应的活化能降低,阴极析氢速率增加,自腐蚀电流密度增加,合金的耐蚀性降低。添加Sc后,合金在空气中形成的表面膜保护作用减弱至消失,使含Sc合金的阻抗谱低频感抗弧逐渐消失。在EN测量期间,不含Sc和含0.1%Sc的合金表面处于“膜破裂-再钝化”状态;含0.3%Sc和0.5%Sc的合金发生严重的局部腐蚀（晶间腐蚀）,且与W相有关。     

渗锌钢在4种典型土壤环境中的腐蚀行为

在我国大港、鹰潭、格尔木、克拉玛依4个典型土壤中,将渗锌钢片埋藏2 a,观察试样的宏观形貌和微观形貌,用XRD物相结构检测分析了锈层的主要成分,计算渗锌钢在各试验站的腐蚀速率,并采用电化学测试分析了锈层对腐蚀介质的阻挡能力。结果表明,渗锌钢在4个土壤实验站的腐蚀速率均比较大,2 a后在鹰潭土壤中腐蚀速率最大,土壤的理化性能影响着渗锌钢腐蚀产物成分和相对含量。     

影响酸性电镀铜用磷铜阳极质量因素的探讨

主要探讨了影响电镀铜用磷铜阳极质量的因素,包括原材料、铜晶粒结构、磷含量及阳极表面的清洁。分别比较了某公司磷铜阳极标准与国内一般磷铜阳极标准、粗大铜晶粒结构与精细铜晶粒结构图,并将该公司揉制磷铜球黑膜形成及表面溶解状况与低质量轧制磷铜球进行了比较。介绍了优质铜阳极的特点:低金属杂质;铜晶粒精细、规整;磷铜阳极的磷含量为0．04％-0．065％且均匀分布等。     

MTEP,a Selective mGluR5 Antagonist,Had a Neuroprotective Effect but Did Not Prevent the Development of Spontaneous Recurrent Seizures and Behavioral Comorbidities in the Rat Lithium–Pilocarpine Model of Epilepsy

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are expressed predominantly on neurons and glial cells and are involved in the modulation of a wide range of signal transduction cascades. Therefore, different subtypes of mGluRs are considered a promising target for the treatment of various brain diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated the seizure-induced upregulation of mGluR5; however, its functional significance is still unclear. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the effect of treatment with the selective mGluR5 antagonist 3-[(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethynyl]-pyridine (MTEP) on epileptogenesis and behavioral impairments in rats using the lithium–pilocarpine model. We found that the administration of MTEP during the latent phase of the model did not improve survival, prevent the development of epilepsy, or attenuate its manifestations in rats. However, MTEP treatment completely prevented neuronal loss and partially attenuated astrogliosis in the hippocampus. An increase in excitatory amino acid transporter 2 expression, which has been detected in treated rats, may prevent excitotoxicity and be a potential mechanism of neuroprotection. We also found that MTEP administration did not prevent the behavioral comorbidities such as depressive-like behavior, motor hyperactivity, reduction of exploratory behavior, and cognitive impairments typical in the lithium–pilocarpine model. Thus, despite the distinct neuroprotective effect, the MTEP treatment was ineffective in preventing epilepsy.