AMPS共聚物固井降失水剂的合成及性能研究

以 2 丙烯酰胺 2 甲基丙磺酸 (AMPS)和丙烯酰胺 (AM )为原料 ,以过硫酸铵 亚硫酸氢钠氧化还原体系为引发剂 ,采用水溶液聚合的方法合成了一种AMPS/AM共聚物固井降失水剂 ,并优化了聚合反应条件 ,对产物的固井降失水效果进行了室内评价。结果表明 ,所合成的共聚物具有较好的固井降失水效果 ,抗盐、抗高温能力强 ,在淡水、盐水中具有良好的降滤失作用     

丙烯酰胺在炭黑表面接枝改性的研究

利用Ce^4 和羟甲基组成的氧化还原体系，探讨了水溶液中丙烯酰胺在炭黑表面的接枝反应。研究了剂用量、单体用量、反应时间、硝酸用量对接枝率的影响。利用IR分析、比表面积分析验证炭黑表面的接枝反应，经接枝反应改性的炭黑在水分散体系中具有较好的分散稳定性。     

Single‐step synthesis of a radically polymerizable 1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol derivative for asymmetric catalysis

A new polymerizable 1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol derivative for polymer‐supported catalytic asymmetric synthesis is presented. The synthesis is conducted within a single reaction step, which is a major advantage over other approaches presented in the literature. The ligand‐bearing polymer is prepared through copolymerization with N‐isopropylacrylamide. Preliminary experiments on the utility in catalytic asymmetric alkylation reactions reveal the accessibility and activity of the polymer‐attached catalysts. The stereoselectivity of the reaction is found to be somewhat lower than for reactions performed in the presence of free 1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol, and thus requires further optimization. The enantiomeric excess of the reaction products was determined via ¹H NMR spectroscopy after chiral derivatization with (R)‐α‐methylbenzyl isocyanate. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry     

花生红衣中黄烷醇抑制丙烯酰胺效果及其分离鉴定

目的研究花生红衣中提纯的原花青素(peanut skin procyanidins,PSPs-1)在化学模拟体系和食品体系中对丙烯酰胺产生的抑制效果,并对PSPs-1的组成成分进行鉴定。方法以天冬酰胺和葡萄糖反应产生丙烯酰胺作为化学模拟体系,以油炸薯条生成丙烯酰胺作为食品体系,通过HPLC分析PSPs-1对2种体系中丙烯酰胺的抑制效果,并采用反相高效液相色谱-电喷雾-质谱联用(RP-HPLC-ESI-MS/MS)技术对PSPs-1进行鉴定。结果在化学模拟体系中,PSPs-1具有明显的抑制丙烯酰胺生成的效果,并显示出非线性浓度效应,在添加量为0.1 mg/m L时达到最大抑制率,为(51.22?3.15)%;在食品体系中,PSPs-1的浓度及浸渍薯条时间皆对丙烯酰胺的产生有明显抑制效果,并显示一定的量效关系,PSPs-1浓度为0.1 mg/m L达到最大抑制率,为(51.03?2.97)%,且当浸渍时间为90 s时抑制效果最好(50.79±1.86)%。PSPs-1经RP-HPLC-ESI-MS/MS分析和与对照品比较,其可能是由含有儿茶素和表儿茶素的黄烷醇多酚组成。结论由儿茶素和表儿茶素组成的PSPs-1在2种体系中具有明显抑制丙烯酰胺产生的效果。     

Synthesis of lignosulfonate-acrylamide-dimethyldiallylammonium chloride copolymer and its flocculation performance

In this work, lignosulfonate-acrylamide-dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (LAD) terpolymer was designed and synthesized by microwave-assisted graft polymerization. The optimal synthetic process was obtained as follows: the monomer ratio was 1:4:4, the amount of initiator was 0.9% (w/w), the monomer solid content was 21 wt %, and the reaction time was 14 min with the microwave power of 280 W. Furthermore, the flocculation performance of LAD was verified by removing acid black-172 dye wastewater. At the LAD dosage of 350 mg L⁻¹, the maximum color removal ratio reached 99.8% in 100 mg L⁻¹ of dye wastewater. The dynamics of dye removal reached higher than 90% after 20 s. The flocculant can maintain color removal ratio more than 98% in a wide flocculant dosage and environmental pH. The flocculation mechanism was mainly electrical neutralization and bridging effect. In general, it is a promising candidate in wastewater treatment in terms of cost, synthetic method, and effectiveness. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48560.     

悬浮凝胶颗粒调驱剂研究与现场试验

针对辽河油田注水区块现有颗粒类深部调驱堵剂耐温、抗剪切性能差,成胶强度低,有效期短,压力提升幅度有限等问题,采用丙烯酰胺与天然橡胶胶乳、乙烯基吡咯烷酮通过自由基共聚,经胶体干燥、造粒得到具有良好柔韧性和粘弹性能的柔性凝胶颗粒,并确定了最佳聚合反应条件:单体浓度30%,丙烯酰胺:天然橡胶胶乳:乙烯基吡咯烷酮质量比为1:0.8:0.3,交联剂浓度0.05%,引发剂(甲醛合次硫酸氢钠与过硫酸铵质量比为1:2)浓度0.6%,聚合反应温度65℃。同时确定了用于悬浮凝胶颗粒的凝胶配方体系:聚合物800 mg/L、交联剂400 mg/L、稳定剂80 mg/L,得到了凝胶颗粒现场应用的合理粒径中值为2 mm,最佳使用浓度范围1%~3%。现场试验结果表明:凝胶颗粒对调驱压力提升作用明显,具有很高的可行性和实用性,为注水区块稳油控水提供了有力的技术保障。     

Occurrence and risk assessment of mycotoxins,acrylamide, and furan in Latvian beer

This work reports data on the occurrence of nine mycotoxins and two food processing contaminants – acrylamide and furan – in a total of 100 beers produced in Latvia. Mycotoxins were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry, acrylamide by HPLC coupled with quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry, and furan by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The most frequently occurring mycotoxins were HT-2 and deoxynivalenol (DON), which were detected in 52% and 51% of the analysed samples. The highest content was observed for DON, reaching the maximum of 248 µg kg^?1. Furan was ubiquitous, and 74% of the samples contained acrylamide. In terms of the estimated exposure, the biggest potential risk was identified for HT-2 representing more than 11% of tolerable weekly intake. The margin of exposure approach indicated the exposure to furan through beer as significant, this parameter being close to the critical limit.     

Electro‐induced polymerization of acrylamide initiated by the potassium permanganate–titriplex VI redox system

The polymerization of acrylamide (AAm) was carried out with a potassium permanganate–Titriplex VI redox initiator system with and without electrolysis. Because of the high metal‐ion concentration in general, low‐molecular‐weight polymers were obtained (weight‐average molecular weight = 2600–4000). The effect of potassium permanganate and AAm concentrations and temperature on the polymerization yield was studied and compared with results obtained under the same experimental conditions used for electrolysis. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results are given. SEM micrographs of the polymer obtained by electrochemical methods exhibited smoother surfaces than those obtained by nonelectrolytic methods. In the absence of potassium permanganate, there was no polymerization under experimental conditions. A possible reaction mechanism is suggested. The electro‐induced system resulted in about a 50% increase in the yield. Manganese content in the electro‐induced and chemical polymerization systems were 2.7 and 8.2%, respectively, supporting the yield increase in the electro‐induced system. A graphite electrode was used and resulted in a high yield and a fibrous polymeric structure. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 81: 1526–1534, 2001