安徽省长江干堤的几种加固措施

安徽省境内765km的长江干堤，由于均是在原来旧堤的基础上经逐年加高培厚的，修筑时均未按设计要求施工，致使堤身密实度不够，新老堤土之间结合不牢，在汛期高水位时易产生渗漏。20世纪70年代以来，安徽省高度重视对长江干堤渗漏隐患的处理，经过长期的实践，逐渐摸索出一套行之有效的除险加固方法，如锥探灌浆、灭杀白蚁、冲抓套吉、垂直铺塑防渗、粘土铺盖及压渗盖重等处理措施。使长江干堤的渗漏隐患得以基本消除，其具体作法可供类似工程借鉴。     

抽油杆井口无损探伤装置的研制及应用

对于有杆泵采油井，抽油杆缺损是影响抽油井免修期最主要因素之一。抽油杆缺陷井口探伤检测装置是根据电磁感应涡流原理设计研制的，解决了油井作业过程中对抽油杆缺陷的探伤检测问题，从而淘汰缺陷超值杆。315口井抽油杆的现场应用情况表明，该装置保证了下井抽油杆的质量，解决了人工挑选过程中存在的弊端，延长了抽油杆的免修期。     

连铸净化加压站改造

因攀钢动力厂连铸加压站的高压焦炉煤气供应不能满足生产需要，对它进行了相应改造。使工艺更加完善，煤气净化质量得到提高，并解决了生产中的一些问题。     

Plastic deformation of bcc metal thin foils without dislocation

Heavy plastic deformation of fcc metal thin foils to fracture has been found recently to proceed without involving dislocations, and it results in the formation of high density of vacancy clusters. Thin foil specimens of bcc metals such as V and Mo were plastically deformed to fracture in in situ elongation experiments under an electron microscope. Morphology of thinning and fracture was found to be similar to fcc metals, and no dislocation was observed during heavy deformation. Electron diffraction analysis at the tip of a crack during deformation confirmed a large elastic deformation of up to 5%. Unlike in fcc metal thin foil specimens, point defect clusters were not observed near fractured tips. This difference is attributed to the difference in vacancy reaction, though the deformation in bcc metals without dislocation most likely does produce vacancies.     

大尺寸氟化铅晶体的生长

描述了不用高真空条件，在通常的Ｂｒｉｄｇｍａｎ－Ｓｔｏｃｋｂａｒｇｅｒ炉中，用高温下的反应方法，消除了原料及生长炉内残存的Ｏ＾２－及ＯＨ＾－，生长出优质，大尺寸的β－ＰｂＦ２晶体。在晶体生长时，出现的主要问题是在晶体中的针状结构及开裂，但可通过控制条件来解决。     

三辊穿孔和轧管所产生的钢管壁厚极差和波浪形内螺纹

定量描述了实际生产过程中三辊斜轧穿孔所产生的钢管壁厚极差和波浪形内螺纹，初步探讨了三辊轧管机对钢管壁厚极差和波浪形内螺纹的影响。     

浅析底片加工缺陷产生的原因及解决方法

要得到影像底片,就必须经过曝光、显影、定影、水洗等冲洗工艺处理。在实际操作中,难免要受到工作环境(如显影液)的温度和人为或机械的影响,而产生一些不良的后果。经过实验,分析了影响影像质量的原因,发现了一些较为有效的处理办法。     

三峡永久船闸工程混凝土表面缺陷处理技术

三峡永久船闸混凝土缺陷处理是严格按照标准要求进行的，处理前的混凝土缺陷素描是其中的一个重要组成部分，对查清缺陷的数量、分布、性质起到了重要作用。在此基础上制定的处理原则及分区，使混凝土缺陷处理工作做到了有的放矢、重点突出。在处理过程中采用了大量的新工艺、新材料，施工质量良好。     

Defect structure of gold introduced by high-speed deformation

The effect of deformation speed on defect structures introduced into bulk gold specimens at 298 K has been investigated systematically over a wide range of strain rate from ′=10⁻² to 10⁶ s⁻¹. As strain rate increased, dislocation structure changed from heterogeneous distribution, so-called cell structure, to random distribution. Also, stacking fault tetrahedra (SFTs) were produced at anomalously high density by deformation at high strain rate. The anomalous production of SFTs observed at high strain rate is consistent with the characteristic microstructure induced by dislocation-free plastic deformation, which has been recently reported in deformation of gold thin foils. Thus, the results of the present study indicate that high-speed deformation induces an abnormal mechanism of plastic deformation, which falls beyond the scope of dislocation theory. Numerical analysis of dislocation structure and SFTs revealed that the transition point of variation of deformation mode is around the strain rate of 10³ s⁻¹.     

锆钡镧铝氟化物玻璃的分相研究

本文综述了氟化物玻璃中的分相研究。在前人研究基础上应用透射电镜，X射线能谱，电子能量损失谱及X射线衍射，差热分析等研究了锆钡镧铝氟化物玻璃中的液-液分相，发现此种现象普遍存在于该类玻璃之中。对玻璃成分与分相形貌及微观结构之间的关系、对析出晶相种类及分相与析晶的相互影响进行了研究。提出欲降低氟化物玻璃的光损耗，分相与析晶一样是不容忽视的因素。