一种热镀锌合金化不良缺陷的分析

介绍了一种热镀锌合金化不良缺陷的分析过程,通过仔细排查和分析出由于生产线炉鼻子摄像头处法兰漏气造成。     

基于纹理结构异常的织物疵点检测算法研究

提出了一种基于织物纹理结构异常的织物疵点检测算法。首先计算代表正常纹理的主邻域结构图;其次通过比较每个像素的邻域结构图与主邻域结构图的差异来定义该像素的显著性,进而得到显著图;最后采用迭代最优阈值分割方法对显著图进行分割得到疵点区域。试验证明,该算法操作简单、计算速度快、鲁棒性强,具有较强的自适应性。     

高斯滤波算法在缺陷视觉检测中的应用研究

机器视觉中的缺陷检测是个难点。图像的滤波处理通常是为了消除噪声干扰,处理的原则是保留大部分有效信号,抑制少数的异常信号。在机器视觉的缺陷检测时,需要提取图像中的每一个异常信号,忽略大部分正常图像信号,与图像的滤波处理正好相反。在大量实践基础上,本文总结出了一套基于高斯滤波算法的缺陷检测方法,特别适合细微缺陷的检测。该方法已经投入应用,在应用过程中取得了良好的效果。     

硅太阳能电池片焊接不良分析及对策

太阳能电池是一种清洁高效的新能源,目前在国内外已得到大力发展和推广。在电池片进行焊接过程中,经常会出现焊接不上或焊接不牢固等缺陷,本文就焊接过程中出现的焊接缺陷进行分析,并提出几种解决对策,以提高太阳能电池片焊接的可靠性。     

Defect formation and its effect on the thermodynamic properties of Pu2Zr2O7 pyrochlore: a first-principles study

In the past decades, pyrochlores, such as Gd₂Zr₂O₇, have demonstrated great potential to immobilize nuclear wastes such as Pu, which results in the production of Pu₂Zr₂O₇. Due to the high radioactivity of Pu, it is difficult to investigate the radiation response behavior of Pu₂Zr₂O₇ and its physical properties of the damaged state experimentally. Consequently, few related data have been reported in the literature thus far. In this study, first-principles calculations have been carried out to investigate the defect formation and its effect on the thermodynamic properties of Pu₂Zr₂O₇. It reveals that Pu_Zr antisite and O_8a interstitial defects are very easy to form in Pu₂Zr₂O₇. In particular, the O_8a interstitial defect can be formed spontaneously, while it is mechanically unstable. When vacancy, interstitial or antisite defects are formed in Pu₂Zr₂O₇, and the elastic moduli and Debye temperature are decreased. Besides, better ductility is resulted. As compared with other zirconate pyrochlores, such as Gd₂Zr₂O₇, the Pu₂Zr₂O₇ is suggested to be less resistant to radiation-induced amorphization. This study demonstrates that the created defects due to self-radiation from actinide decay have remarkable influences on the thermophysical properties of Pu₂Zr₂O₇.     

LBP与低秩分解的网状织物纹理缺陷检测方法

针对网状织物纹理复杂,缺陷检测难度大的问题,提出一种基于局部二值模式(LBP)与低秩稀疏矩阵分解的网状织物纹理缺陷检测方法.首先,采用等价旋转不变的局部二值模式算法提取网状织物纹理特征,获得纹理特征矩阵;其次,根据纹理特征矩阵构建低秩稀疏分解模型;最后,通过最佳阈值分割算法对网状织物低秩稀疏分解产生的显著图进行分割.实验结果表明,与K-奇异值分解(K-SVD)算法相比,该方法的平均准确率达到89.94%,平均召回率达到93.88%,分类总正确率达到92%以上。     

硅藻土涂层气孔率对大口径球铁管外表面凹陷缺陷的影响

本文主要从涂层结构 ,即涂层气孔的种类、数量论述其对大口径球铁管外表面凹陷缺陷的影响。从涂料雾化液滴大小、金属型温度、喷嘴距金属型内表面距离、喷嘴移动速度、涂料中膨润土含量、金属型转速等工艺参数来控制涂层气孔率 ,保证涂层透气性 ,从而消除凹陷缺陷     

Recent progress of CERN RD50 Collaboration

The objective of the CERN RD50 Collaboration is to develop radiation hard semiconductor detectors for very high luminosity colliders, in particular, for the upgrade of the large hadron collider （LHC） which itself is scheduled to be operational in 2007. The approach of the RD50 has two major research lines, material engineering and device engineering. These are further subdivided into projects covering defect characterization and engineering, new detector materials, detector characterization, new detector structures and full detector systems. Presently, 264 members from 53 institutes are actively participating in the RD50 Collaboration. Detectors made of defect engineered substrates, e.g. high resistivity magnetic Czochralski （MCz-Si）, epitaxial silicon （Epi-Si） on Czochralski silicon （Cz-Si） substrate, intentionally thermal donor （TD） compensated p-type MCz-Si and oxygen enriched （DOFZ） silicon, have been demonstrated by the RD50 Collaboration. An overview and highlights of the results of these defect engineering techniques were given in this report.     

基于三维有限元动态模拟圆柱形表面腐蚀缺陷漏磁场

根据电磁场有限元分析的基础理论，对储罐底板圆柱形表面腐蚀缺陷，应用ANSYS三维有限元静态分析了圆柱形表面腐蚀缺陷漏磁场，得到了圆柱形表面腐蚀缺陷漏磁场的空间分布。在一定条件下，静态模拟的缺陷漏磁场受励磁结构中永磁铁磁场的影响较大，造成在永磁铁附近漏磁场分布的畸变。而动态模拟下得到的漏磁场只在缺陷附近有明显的变化，缺陷漏磁场受励磁结构中永磁铁磁场的影响很小，有利于对腐蚀缺陷的分析。     

离心铸造高速钢轧辊铸造缺陷形成与控制技术研究

采用离心铸造方法制造高速钢轧辊工艺简单,操作方便,但易出现偏析、裂纹、气孔、缩孔及夹杂等缺陷,影响轧辊的力学性能和使用性能.采用稀土-钛复合变质处理改善合金的组织和性能,同时改进离心铸造工艺参数可以消除高速钢轧辊铸造缺陷,提高力学性能,改善使用效果.