钛及钛合金粉末注射成型研究近况及应用前景

概述了钛及钛合金粉末注射成型(MIM)的粉体制备、混炼、注射成形、脱脂、烧结及后处理等工艺环节的研究现状及其发展趋势,同时介绍了粉体制备的主要方法,用氢化脱氢法制备的几种粉体产品的成分特点,常用粘结剂的组分,几种在生物医药领域和工业领域中应用较多的钛及钛合金粉末注射成型粉体的特点。     

镁基非晶合金的研究进展

综述了大块镁基非品态合金的合金体系、介绍了镁基大块非晶态合金的生产和应用现状,领域有重大发展潜力。制备方法、各种独特性能及其最新研究进展。展望了镁基非晶态合金将在3C产品和生物医用     

细胞培养法评价铁铬钼软磁合金的生物相容性

为检测口腔中所用铁铬钼软磁合金的细胞毒性,以评价其生物相容性,将材料浸提液用于体外细胞培养,进行四唑盐(MTT)比色实验来评价材料的细胞毒性。结果表明,软磁合金的细胞毒性级为Ⅰ级,纯钛的毒性为0级。软磁合金组对细胞增殖的抑制作用大于纯钛组,但统计学分析结果显示,两种金属材料组与阴性对照组吸光度值之间的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。软磁合金仅具有极微弱的细胞毒性,符合临床应用的要求,为其在义齿磁性固位体中的应用提供了生物学依据。     

银负载细菌纤维素纳米复合材料的制备及抗菌性能研究

利用细菌纤维素超精细网络结构和高持水率的特点,在细菌纤维素上通过硼氢化钠(NaBH4)还原硝酸银中的Ag+原位生成纳米银颗粒,并对其微观结构等进行表征,同时对银负载细菌纤维素纳米复合膜的抗菌性能和生物相容性进行研究。XRD结果表明纳米银颗粒具有较完善的结晶结构,且银晶体为面心立方结构;XRF检测表明复合材料中含有Ag元素;由UV-Vis可知Ag/BC纳米复合材料在424nm处出现了Ag的吸收峰;从SEM图可看出随着硝酸银浓度的增大,细菌纤维素微纤表面负载的银颗粒增多,粒径大约为50～80nm。抗菌实验结果说明Ag/BC纳米复合材料具有很强的抗菌性能,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的最大抑菌率分别达到99.4%和98.4%。细胞相容性实验表明,Ag/BC纳米复合材料还具有良好的细胞相容性。因此将其用于抗菌伤口敷料会有广阔的应用前景。     

AZ31B镁合金表面氟涂层的生物相容性和抗菌性能

采用化学转化方法在AZ31B镁合金表面制备氟涂层,系统研究了氟涂层的表面形貌,体外生物相容性和抗菌性能.结果表明:AZ31B镁合金表面的氟涂层均匀致密;氟涂层镁合金的溶血率明显降低,且无细胞毒性,可满足生物医用材料的要求.同时,氟涂层镁合金的抗凝血性能与316L不锈钢相当,并具有显著的抗菌功能.     

γ-聚谷氨酸-天冬氨酸聚合物的合成表征及性质

利用微生物发酵制备γ-聚谷氨酸,降解得小分子γ-聚谷氨酸,将天冬氨酸接入小分子γ-聚谷氨酸,得γ-聚谷氨酸-天冬氨酸聚合物(GAP460).核磁共振、红外光谱、差热扫描量热分析(DSC)等方法表征GAP460;常规方法检测GAP460的结构稳定性,免疫原性,急性毒性及血液参数值等.结果表明,成功制备了γ-聚谷氨酸-天冬...     

Synthesis and characterization of polylactic acid-lecithin-starch bioplastic film

Plastic-induced environmental issues could be solved using biomaterials, such as polylactic acid (PLA) film. PLA film is a costly solution suggesting the need to add less expensive starch. However, PLA and starch do not mix due to their diverging water behavior. In this study, we evaluated the impact of lecithin as a compatibilizer in varying ratio of PLA and starch film. The results show that inclusion of lecithin in PLA/starch composite leads to enhanced mechanical properties compared with the composite without lecithin. All films' thermal properties were stable but the thermograph of PLA/starch display two peaks whose distance is impacted by lecithin. In addition, morphology and functional group fingerprints revealed that the addition of lecithin improved the interfacial adhesion between the two polymers. Lecithin influenced the positioning and dispersion pattern of starch granules and distinct transmittance characteristics. The improved compatibility of PLA/starch makes the resulting films less susceptible to water penetration and dissolution. This work demonstrated the possibility of using lecithin as emulsifier between PLA and starch which could expand the application of PLA/starch film especially in packaging industries and bale net wrapping.     

A paradigm shift: biomaterials that heal

Biomaterials based on synthetic polymers have been explored in medicine since early in the 20th century. The inert nature of polymeric materials and their many fabrication options suggested possibilities in medicine to surgeons having to deal with repair and replacement of diseased or injured organs and tissues. Now the biomaterials/medical device industry is estimated at US$ 150 billion worldwide and saves the lives of millions and improves the quality of life for millions more. In spite of the success of biomaterials and medical devices, there are issues with ‘biocompatible’ biomaterials that have an on impact medical practice and stimulate scientific questions. This perspective discusses the fact that although we have been reasonably successful with implants, there is much room for improvement. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

Biomaterials research and development

This paper discusses the importance of biomaterials technology and its wide ramifications in clinical practice. The current problems in biomaterials research such as characterisation, surface modification, safety evaluation and tissue-prosthetic bonding are out lined. The need for constant access to several discipline would seem to underline the importance of large integrated centres in the development of biomaterials technology.     

南瓜籽分离蛋白颗粒稳定的高内相皮克林乳液的 制备及应用研究

为了得到一种性能优异的天然来源的颗粒稳定剂,以南瓜籽为原料,采用碱溶酸沉法制备了南瓜籽分离蛋白（PSPI）,利用反溶剂法制备了南瓜籽分离蛋白颗粒（PSPI Ps),并以PSPI Ps为稳定剂制备了高内相皮克林乳液（HIPPEs）。考察了水相PSPI Ps质量分数、油相体积分数和水相pH对HIPPEs微观结构、粒径和流变性能的影响,并通过扫描电子显微镜以及激光共聚焦扫描显微镜对HIPPEs的界面结构进行了表征。另外,探究了HIPPEs的耐酸碱能力、常温储存稳定性、热稳定性和光稳定性。结果表明：制备的HIPPEs为O/W型微米级乳液;水相PSPI Ps质量分数在0.2%～2.0%范围时,随着PSPI Ps质量分数的增加,乳液液滴粒径显著减小,凝胶强度显著增加;油相体积分数在50%～84%范围时,随着油相体积分数的增加,乳液液滴粒径增加,而凝胶强度减小;水相pH在3～9范围时,随着水相pH的增加,乳液液滴粒径先增大后减小,凝胶强度先减小后增加;所制备的HIPPEs具有良好的耐酸碱能力、常温储存稳定性、热稳定性以及光照稳定性。综上,PSPI Ps是一种性能优异的高内向乳液稳定剂。